Effects of Hydroethanolic Extract of Adenia lobata (Jacq.) Engl. (Passifloraceae) on Nociception and Subsequent Anxiety-like Behavior: Both Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Approaches

Aims: Adenia lobata (Jacq.) Engl. (Passifloraceae) is widely used in Ivorian traditional pharmacopeia to heal various chronic diseases, relieve headache and pain of gingiva inflammation, and facilitate labor. Here, we investigated the effects of hydroethanolic extract Adenia lobata (HEAL) on nociceptive pain and subsequent anxiety-like behavior. Materials and Methods: We used several experimental pain tests as the writhing, formalin and hot plate to evaluate both antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions of the extract. Anxiety related to nociception was tested with open field and elevated plus maze tests. Then, mice were sacrificed for assessing some oxidative stress markers. Results: The extract of 30 mg/kg, p.o. reduced in the similar manner as reference peripheral drug salcylicacetic acid (ASA, 200 mg/kg, i.p.) the number of writhings induced by acid acetic. In both neurogenic and inflammatory phases of formalin test, the extract demonstrated an effective antinociceptive activity than ASA, but comparable to central analgesic tramadol (50 mg/kg, i.p). However, Adenia lobata reduced lesser thermal-induced pain than tramadol in hot plate test, but significantly compared to ASA. Furthermore, HEAL altered anxiety-like behavior in each case of the pain condition studied. Also, the extract showed the highest antioxidant activity by reduction oxide nitric (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and increase non protein thiol (NP-SH) levels. Conclusion: In conclusion, HEAL possesses antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions on peripheral and central mechanisms of pain. The phytochemicals components of the extract as alkaloids and flavonoids suggest to interact with the opioid system and combat the oxidative stress, respectively. Our findings provide scientific basis for the use of Adenia lobata in traditional medicine against pain and related diseases.

Download Full-text

Effect of Vernonia cognata on oxidative damage induced by ethanol in rats

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327110377646 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 30 (7) ◽

pp. 675-684 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

CS Mota ◽

RB Freitas ◽

ML Athayde ◽

AA Boligon ◽

PR Augusti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

High Performance ◽

Tissue Injury ◽

Antioxidant Effect ◽

Gastric Tissue ◽

Thiol Groups ◽

Protein Thiol ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Hydroethanolic Extract ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Free radicals production and oxidative stress play a central role in injuries caused by ethanol (EtOH) on gastric mucosal. Thus, strategies to counteract EtOH toxicity are highly desirable. This study was aimed at evaluating whether Vernonia cognata extract would reduce EtOH effects in rats. Rats received Vernonia cognata extract (0, 1 and 2 g/kg bw, by gavage) 1 hour after EtOH had been administered (0 or 70%, 0.5 mL/100 g bw, by gavage) and were killed 1 hour after Vernonia cognata extract administration. The stomach was removed for macroscopic and histopathological evaluation, as well as, oxidative stress markers such as lipoperoxidation (LPO) and non-protein thiol groups (NPSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activity. EtOH acute exposure increased LPO and decreased NPSH levels and CAT activity along with macroscopic and microscopic lesions in gastric tissue, confirming the involvement of oxidative stress in EtOH toxicity. Vernonia cognata extract attenuated oxidative and histopathological features induced by EtOH at all evaluated doses. Moreover, both studied doses of Vernonia cognata extract caused an increase in NPSH levels per se. However, only the dose of 2 g/kg reverted all macroscopic changes caused by EtOH toxicity. The protective effect of the extract could be attributed to antioxidant molecules present in the extract, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, which were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Thus, an antioxidant effect of the extract leads to a protection on gastric tissue. Our results indicate that Vernonia cognata hydroethanolic extract could have a beneficial role against EtOH toxicity by preventing oxidative stress and gastric tissue injury.

Download Full-text

Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of an aqueous extract of blended leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava

Clinical Phytoscience ◽

10.1186/s40816-019-0130-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Akinyinka O. Alabi ◽

Abayomi M. Ajayi ◽

Osarume Omorogbe ◽

Solomon Umukoro

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Antinociceptive Activity ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Hot Plate Test ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Plate Test ◽

Ocimum Gratissimum ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background To investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous extract of a blended mixture of dried leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava, a traditional analgesic drug polyherbal (TADP) used as a remedy for pain-related conditions. Methods Antinociceptive activity of TADP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated in the hot plate test and acetic acid-induced nociception in mice while the anti-inflammatory was evaluated in carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats. Levels of nitrite, myeloperoxidase, glutathione and malondialdehyde were assayed in carrageenan-induced paw tissue. Results TADP (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly prolong the latency time in the hot-plate test. TADP (100–400 mg/kg) produced a dose-dependent significant inhibition of the acetic-acid induced abdominal constriction. The antinociceptive activity of TADP in the presence of naloxone and atropine was not reversed whereas yohimbine and glibenclamide significantly reversed it. TADP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly reduced the swelling in the carrageenan-induced oedema model and also produced a reduction in the nitrite and myeloperoxidase level. TADP (400 mg/kg) significantly reduced malondialdehyde concentration and increase glutathione level in the carrageenan-induced rat paw. TADP significantly decrease the number of cellular infiltrates in the histopathological assessment. Conclusion These results indicate that polyherbal product containing blended leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava possess antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties, hence represents a promising alternative remedy in inflammation-induced pain.

Download Full-text

Autistic-Like Behaviors, Oxidative Stress Status, and Histopathological Changes in Cerebellum of Valproic Acid Rat Model of Autism Are Improved by the Combined Extract of Purple Rice and Silkworm Pupae

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2016/3206561 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Nartnutda Morakotsriwan ◽

Jintanaporn Wattanathorn ◽

Woranan Kirisattayakul ◽

Kowit Chaisiwamongkol

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Valproic Acid ◽

Purkinje Cell ◽

Rat Model ◽

Cell Loss ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Hot Plate Test ◽

Silkworm Pupae ◽

Oxidative Stress Status ◽

Purkinje Cell Loss

Due to the crucial role of oxidative stress on the pathophysiology of autism and the concept of synergistic effect, the benefit of the combined extract of purple rice and silkworm pupae (AP1) for autism disorder was the focus. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of AP1 on autistic-like behaviors, oxidative stress status, and histopathological change of cerebellum in valproic acid (VPA) rat model of autism. VPA was injected on postnatal day (PND) 14 and the animals were orally given AP1 at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg·kg−1BW between PND 14 and PND 40. The autism-like behaviors were analyzed via hot-plate, rotarod, elevated plus-maze, learning, memory, and social behavior tests. Oxidative stress and the histological change in the cerebellum were assessed at the end of study. AP1 treated rats improved behaviors in all tests except that in hot-plate test. The improvement of oxidative stress and Purkinje cell loss was also observed in the cerebellum of VPA-treated rats. Our data suggest that AP1 partially reduced autism-like behaviors by improving oxidative stress and Purkinje cell loss. Further research is required to identify the active ingredients in AP1 and gender difference effect.

Download Full-text

Synthesis of 8-alkoxy-1,3-dimethyl-2, 6-dioxopurin-7-yl-substituted acetohydrazides and butanehydrazides as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents

Heterocyclic Communications ◽

10.1515/hc-2015-0100 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 273-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Grażyna Chłoń-Rzepa ◽

Agnieszka W. Jankowska ◽

Małgorzata Zygmunt ◽

Krzysztof Pociecha ◽

Elżbieta Wyska

Keyword(s):

Analgesic Activity ◽

Structural Element ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Hot Plate Test ◽

Peripheral Mechanism ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Factor Α ◽

Necrosis Factor ◽

Inhibit Tumor Necrosis Factor

AbstractA series of new 8-alkoxy-1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxopurin-7-yl-substituted acetohydrazides and butanehydrazides 6–12 was synthesized and evaluated for the analgesic activity in two in vivo models: the writhing syndrome and the hot-plate tests. Among the investigated derivatives, compounds with N′-arylidenehydrazide moiety 9–12 show analgesic activity significantly higher than that of acetylsalicylic acid, which may indicate the importance of this structural element for analgesic properties. The lack of the activity in the hot-plate test may suggest that the analgesic activity of the newly synthesized compounds is mediated by a peripheral mechanism. The selected compounds 7 and 12 inhibit tumor necrosis factor α production in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia, similarly to theophylline, which may confirm their anti-inflammatory properties.

Download Full-text

Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic and Antipyretic Activity of Catunaregam spinosa (Thumb.) Tirveng Extracts

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v9i5.3363 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 89-94

Author(s):

Hansa Saini ◽

Jayesh Dwivedi ◽

Himanshu Paliwal ◽

Udichi Kataria ◽

Priyanka Chauhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Hot Plate Test ◽

Egg Albumin ◽

Antipyretic Activity ◽

Ethanolic Extracts ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Response Method

Catunaregam spinosa leaves have been ethnopharmacologically accounted for acquiring various pharmacological properties. The present study was undertaken to evaluate anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic potential of leaves of C. spinosa.The ethanolic extract was selected for this purpose based on phytochemical screening. Inflammation was inhibited at the dose of 200 mg/kg with percent inhibition of inflammation 32.06, 37.28 and 43.16 %, respectively, at 1, 3 and 5 h, while in egg albumin model % inhibition was found to be 47.81%. There was no significant analgesic activity seen in acetic acid induced writhing response method while significant effects were observed in the doses of 25 and 100 mg/kg on hot plate test. No antipyretic activity was shown by ethanolic extracts(25, 100 and 200 mg/kg) against Brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia in rats. Keywords: Catunaregam spinosa, Anti-inflammatory activity, Phytochemical screening, Ethanolic extract.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Warionia saharae essential oil

Asia Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology ◽

10.35118/apjmbb.2021.029.4.01 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Mimouna Yakoubi ◽

Nasser Belboukhari ◽

Khaled Sekkoum ◽

Mohammed Bouchekara ◽

Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Analgesic Activity ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Hot Plate Test ◽

Standard Drug ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Test Models ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Warionia saharae Benth & Coss (W.s) (Asteraceae) is a monospecific genus endemic to Algeria and Morocco. Its leaves are used in their traditional medicine, such as gastrointestinal and inflammatory diseases; for instance, rheumatoid arthritis treatment. In this work, our team investigated the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of essential oil extracted from the dried upper parts of Warionia saharae based on different standard experimental test models. The analgesic activity was assessed by central and peripheral models, such as “hot plate” and “writhing” tests on Swiss albino mice. The hot plate test used latency measurements to assess acute cutaneous pain sensitivity, as a result; the latency of the hind-paw pain response was by licking and either shaking or jumping, those occurrences were recorded. Writhing test as a chemical method used to induce pain of peripheral origin in mice by injecting acetic acid intraperitoneally (IP). This results in characteristic stretching behavior of the animals (cramps and contortions). The evaluation of the analgesic activity, shows that the essential oil of this plant induces a decrease in the number of abdominal cramps in the contortion test and a maximum inhibition of pain. As for the anti-inflammatory effect, it was studied by the “paw edema” test, a phlogogenic agent (formaldehyde) was used to stimulate inflammation in the paws of mice. Anti-inflammatory properties can be observed by inhibiting this edema compared to the standard drug Diclofenac. In conclusion, Warionia saharae essential oil (75 mg/kg) showed a strong anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities which supports the conventional use of this plant in traditional medicine.

Download Full-text

Borneol, a Bicyclic Monoterpene Alcohol, Reduces Nociceptive Behavior and Inflammatory Response in Mice

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/808460 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida ◽

Grasielly Rocha Souza ◽

Juliane Cabral Silva ◽

Sarah Raquel Gomes de Lima Saraiva ◽

Raimundo Gonçalves de Oliveira Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Motor Coordination ◽

Nociceptive Behavior ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Rotarod Test ◽

Hot Plate Test ◽

Plate Test ◽

Strength Tests ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Motor Abnormality

Borneol, a bicyclic monoterpene, has been evaluated for antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities were studied by measuring nociception by acetic acid, formalin, hot plate, and grip strength tests, while inflammation was prompted by carrageenan-induced peritonitis. The rotarod test was used to evaluate motor coordination. Borneol produced a significant (P<0.01) reduction of the nociceptive behavior at the early and late phases of paw licking and reduced the writhing reflex in mice (formalin and writhing tests, resp.). When the hot plate test was conducted, borneol (in higher dose) produced an inhibition (P<0.05) of the nociceptive behavior. Such results were unlikely to be provoked by motor abnormality. Additionally, borneol-treated mice reduced the carrageenan-induced leukocytes migration to the peritoneal cavity. Together, our results suggest that borneol possess significant central and peripheral antinociceptive activity; it has also anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, borneol did not impair motor coordination.

Download Full-text

Effects of angiotensin II receptor antagonists on anxiety and some oxidative stress markers in rat

Open Medicine ◽

10.2478/s11536-011-0010-8 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 331-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Alin Ciobica ◽

Veronica Bild ◽

Lucian Hritcu ◽

Manuela Padurariu ◽

Walther Bild

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Angiotensin Ii ◽

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Angiotensin Ii Receptor Blockers ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Angiotensin Ii Receptor ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Plus Maze ◽

Receptor Blockers ◽

And Oxidative Stress

AbstractIn addition to its known classical roles, the renin angiotensin system (RAS) has more subtle functions which include the regulation of emotional responses. Previous studies regarding the anxiety related behavior of RAS have showed controversial results. There is also evidence that oxidative stress accompanies angiotensin II infusion, but the role of AT1/AT2 specific receptors is not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of central angiotensin II receptor blockers on anxiety state and oxidative stress. Behavioral testing included elevated plus maze, while oxidative stress status was measured though the extent of a lipid peroxidation product (malondialdehyde-MDA) and the specific activity of some defense antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase-SOD and glutathione peroxidase-GPx). The rats treated with angiotensin II spent significantly less time in the open-arms of elevated-plus-maze, while the administration of losartan resulted in a significant increase of this time. We observed a significant increase of MDA concentration in the angiotensin II group and a decrease of MDA levels in both losartan and PD-123177 groups. In addition, a significant correlation was seen between the time spent in the open arms and oxidative stress markers. These findings could lead to important therapeutic aspects regarding the use of angiotensin II receptor blockers in anxiety-related disorders.

Download Full-text

Protective Effect of Hydroethanolic Extracts of Solanum scabrum and Cola verticillata Against Cyclophosphamide Induced Toxicity in Female Rats

Journal of Food Research ◽

10.5539/jfr.v3n3p18 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mbong Angie M-A ◽

Djiokeng Paka G. ◽

Ntentie F. R. ◽

Dimodi H. ◽

Ngondi J. L. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Intraperitoneal Administration ◽

Female Rats ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Significant Toxicity ◽

Cyclophosphamide Treatment ◽

Hydroethanolic Extract ◽

Antioxidant Mechanisms

The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of hydroethanolic extracts of S. scabrum and C. verticillata against cyclophosphamide induced toxicity. In this light, female albino wistar rats were treated by intraperitoneal administration of 100 mg/kg BW of cyclophosphamide or distilled water every other day for 7 days associated with oral gavage using hydroethanolic extract of C. verticillata/S. scabrum at a dose of 200 or 400 mg/kg BW or not every day for the same 7 days. On the 8th day, blood and organs (liver, heart and kidney) were collected for analyses of toxicity-related and oxidative stress markers. Cyclophosphamide treatment induced significant toxicity as shown by liver enzymes, urea and creatinine levels. The administration of extracts helped reduce the levels of these markers. The antioxidant effect of these extracts also helped or not to ameliorate oxidative stress markers (MDA, NO, hydroperoxides, catalase, thiols, GPx) depending on the extract and on the dose administered. These results suggest that administration of hydroethanolic extracts of S. scabrum and C. verticillata can help prevent or reduce toxicity that is brought about by treatment with cyclophosphamide due to their ability to upregulate antioxidant mechanisms.

Download Full-text

INVESTIGATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF ARTEMISIA AFRA IN WISTAR RATS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i12.26298 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 190 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mavuto Gondwe ◽

Anda Mpalala ◽

Lusanda Zongo ◽

David Kamadyaapa ◽

Eugene Ndebia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Control Group ◽

Paw Edema ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Traditional Practice ◽

Hot Plate Test ◽

Writhing Test ◽

Antinociceptive Effects ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of Artemisia afra.Methods: Animals were randomly divided into five groups of six animals each and administered with normal saline (2 ml/kg), indomethacin (10 mg/ kg), and A. afra at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, respectively. For the anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan-induced paw edema was used while the hot plate and acetic acid induced-writhing tests were used to assess the antinociceptive activity.Results: Pretreatment with A. afra at a dose of 100 mg/kg did not show any significant biological effects (p>0.05) for any of the three tests, when compared against saline-treated control group. At a dose of 200 mg/kg, A. afra demonstrated significant effects (p<0.01), during the 5th h reducing carrageenan-induced paw edema by 12%. The highest dose (400 mg/kg) of A. afra demonstrated more potent effects by decreasing the carrageenan-induced paw swelling (p<0.001–0.05) during the 3rd, 4th, and 5th h, by up to 38% when compared against saline-treated control group. Both the 200 and 400 mg/kg, A. afra doses achieved a significant increase (p<0.05) in reaction time in the hot plate test. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, pretreatment with A. afra (400 mg/kg) significantly reduced pain by 39% (p<0.01) by comparison with the saline control.Conclusion: Experimental data demonstrated that aqueous extract of A. afra possesses anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties in experimental acute inflammation and pain. These findings support the usage of A. afra in managing inflammation and pain in traditional practice.

Download Full-text