scholarly journals Proximate Analysis and Antinutritional Factors of Water Melon Seeds (Citrullus lenatus)

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
H. B. Zainab ◽  
U. I. Aminu ◽  
I. Mustapha ◽  
S. T. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Melon Seeds ◽  
Water Melon

Water melon (citrullus lanatus) is a flowering plant species of the Cucurbitaceae family. It is- rich in an amino - acid called citrulline and may help move blood through the body and widely used as flavouring agent and also contributes substantially towards obtaining a balanced diet. This research was aimed to evaluate the proximate and anti nutritional factors of the plant to ensure human and animal food security. The proximate composition was done by soxhlet extraction, AOAC, Kjeldhal and other standard procedures while anti nutrients were analysed using standard procedures. The results of the research revealed the proximate composition of the water melon seeds such as moisture content, crude protein, lipids, ash content, crude fibre and carbohydrate. Low moisture content (5.20±0.003) high proteins (17.844±0.012) and lipids (18.208± 0.004) with others detected in moderate amount was obtained. Anti - nutritional factors such as oxalate, phytate, cyanide, nitrate, and tannin were also analyzed which revealed low oxalate content (0.005± 0.003) with moderate amount of phytate (4.366±0141), nitrate (47.309±0.539) and cyanide (41.510±0.138). Therefore water melon seeds might be vital in maintaining an optimum nutritional status to avoid malnutrition, morbidity or mortality.

scholarly journals Proximate composition of two puffer fish species, Leiodon cutcutia and Dichotomyctere fluviatilis of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Ishtiak Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Md Rakibul Hasan ◽  
Suraiya Parveen ◽  
Shuvra Kanti Dey ◽  
Md Baki Billah
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Puffer Fish

Protein, lipid, ash and moisture content in the body muscles of two commonly available puffer fish species in Bangladesh (Leiodon cutcutia and Dichtomyctere fluviatilis) have been analysed from January 2018 to June, 2018. The puffer fish species were collected from different habitats i.e., Leiodon cutcutia from freshwater and Dichtomyctere fluviatilis from estuarine water. The percentage of the proximate composition varied in different months in both the species. In Leiodon cutcutia, moisture content fluctuated from 79.32% to 87.61% with an average of 83.75%; protein content from 6.35% to 13.31% with an average of 9.49%; lipid content from 1.57% to 2.32% with an average of 1.92% and ash content from 2.30% to 3.27% with an average of 2.84%. In Dichotomyctere fluviatilis, moisture content fluctuated from 73.77% to 84.18% with an average of 77.49%; protein content from 10.03% to 19.77% with an average of 16.80%; lipid content from 0.92% to 1.71% with an average of 1.32% and ash content from 2.77% to 3.34% with an average of 3.05%. The comparative evaluation of the nutritional value of the studied fish species revealed that the puffer fish from estuarine environment might contain higher amount of nutrients. Thus, proper utilization of this species towards sustainable management, nutritional composition and biosecurity issues will lead to achieve sustainable blue economy. Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 8(1): 25-33, 2019 (June)

scholarly journals Effect of Aqueous Extract of Citrullus lanatus (Water Melon) Seeds on Alloxan Induced - Diabetic Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-44
Author(s):  
H. E. Ogbeifun ◽  
D. E. Peters ◽  
M. Monanu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Glucose Determination ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Melon Seeds ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate ◽  
Water Melon

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Citrullus lanatus (water melon) seeds on alloxan induced-diabetic wistar rats. The Wistar rats were grouped into 11 of 3 rats in each. Groups 2-11 received single dose of 120 mg/kg b.wt of alloxan monohydrate intraperitoneally. Groups 4 and 5 orally received a dose of 100 mg/kg b.wt of metformin for 7 and 21 days respectively. Groups 6, 8 and 10 orally received 200 mg/kg b.wt, 400 mg/kg b.wt, and 600 mg/kg b.wt. of the extract respectively for 7 days while groups 7, 9 and 11 orally received 200 mg/kg b.wt., 400 mg/kg b.wt and 600 mg/kg b.wt of the extract respectively for 21 days. Blood samples were collected 24 hours after 7 and 21 days of treatment and selected biochemical parameters were determined; glucose determination, pancreatic α- amylase activities and lipid profile, while histopathology examination of the pancreas was also examined. Qualitative phytochemical result showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponin, tannin, oxalate and phytate. Flavonoids (176.87 ug/g) were most abundant and phytate was the least occurring anti nutrient (6.75±0.06). Citrullus lanatus seeds extract significantly (p≤0.05) decreased the plasma glucose levels, pancreatic α-amylase activities, total cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoproteins while there was a significant (p≤0.05) increase in high density lipoproprotein levels on 7 and 21 days in all the extract treated groups. The histopathological examination of the pancreas showed regeneration of pancreatic cells in all the extract treated groups. The aqueous extract of Citrullus lanatus (water melon) seeds is rich in phytochemicals with antioxidant properties hence could serve as novel herbal antidiabetic agent.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effect of Citrullus lanatus (Water Melon) Seeds on Alloxan Induced Hepato and Nephro Toxicity

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
H. E. Ogbeifun ◽  
D. E. Peters ◽  
M. O. Monanu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Melon Seeds ◽  
Water Melon

Some data suggested that the seeds of water melon may have therapeutic benefits. We here attempted to determine ameliorative effects of aqueous extract of Citrullus lanatus (water melon) seeds on alloxan-induced hepato- and nephrotoxicity on wistar rats. Rats were divided into 11 groups, with each group consisting of 3 rats. Groups 2-11 received single dose of 120 mg/kg b.wt. of alloxan monohydrate intraperitoneally. Groups 4 and 5 orally received a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w. of metformin for 7 & 21 days. Groups 6, 8 and 10 orally received 200 mg/kg b.w., 400 mg/kg b.w., and 600 mg/kg b.w. of the extract respectively for 7 days while groups 7, 9 and 11 orally received same doses respectively for 21 days. The most abundant phytochemicals present in the seeds sample were flavonoids mainly catechin (70.88 ± 0.21) and anthocyanin (42.11 ± 0.89). Blood samples were collected 24 hours after 7 and 21 days of treatment. Biochemical analyses were conducted on liver-injury, kidney-injury, and oxidative-stress markers. Liver/kidney histopathology were examined. Result revealed significant (p≤0.05) reduction in liver enzyme activities, creatinine and urea and malondialdehyde levels, while the electrolyte concentrations significantly increased in the extract treated groups on day 7 and 21 when measured against group 1. The histopathological examination revealed regeneration of the liver/kidney tissues in the extract treated groups mostly in 10 and 11. Thus, aqueous extract of water melon seeds ameliorated alloxan induced hepato-/nephron-toxicity in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Nutritional evaluation of the peels from Citrullus lanatus and Manihot esculenta, an insight into the conversion of waste to food

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Amos Ndarubu Tsado ◽  
Gana David ◽  
Habiba A. Ibrahim ◽  
Gboke A. Jiya ◽  
Rakiya Zubairu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Amino Acid Compositions ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Water Melon

Background: Huge quantity of cassava and watermelon wastes are daily discharged to the environment with unwholesome consequences. Therefore, research into the effective utilization of these agricultural by-products is of global interest. Methods: The present study evaluated the proximate, minerals, and amino acid compositions of cassava and watermelon peels using standard procedures. Results: The results revealed that carbohydrate is the most abundant proximate contents of both the cassava (82.14±0.42%) and watermelon (62.58±0.78%) peel, followed by crude fiber (5.51±0.06% and 18.90±0.04%), moisture (8.31±0.04% and 5.20±0.07%), crude ash (1.25±0.03% and 7.25±0.04%) for cassava and watermelon peels respectively, while crude fat (0.98±0.03% and 3.92±0.06%) is the least abundant proximate in both samples. Magnesium is the most abundant mineral contents of both the cassava (79.50±4.45Mg/100g) and watermelon (75.53±3.70Mg/100g) peel, followed by sodium (62.35±0.79 Mg/100g and 52.24±3.24 Mg/100g), potassium (22.12±1.34 and 32.65±2.01 mg/100g) for cassava and watermelon peels respectively while copper (0.73±0.05 Mg/100g and 0.67±0.64 Mg/100g) was the least abundant minerals in both samples. The total amino acid compositions of 66.31±4.56 g/100g and 41.80±2.68 g/100g were recorded for cassava and watermelon peel. Glutamic acid (9.96±0.06g/100g) and leucine (4.03±0.05 mg/100g) the most abundant amino acid in cassava and watermelon seed respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, the peels of cassava and water melon examined, have appreciable levels of nutrients compositions that can be incorporated into human and animal feed formulation.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY AND PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF BEEF SOLD AT THE ABATTOIR OF KANO STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Y. Datti ◽  
A. Umar ◽  
N. Hafsat
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Positive Economic ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Water Holding

This research was aimed at evaluating the pH of beef, as well as its cook loss value and water holding capacity, as well as its proximate composition of the beef from the Kano State abattoir. The proximate composition of the beef was also analyzed using standard procedures described by the Association of the Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The beef samples were aseptically obtained from the Kano state abattoir during the month of September when the animals were well fed and healthy, with five cows randomly selected and used for the analysis. The results indicate the pH for the beef to be 5.9, while the cook loss and water-holding capacity were found to be 32.71% and 24.33% respectively. The proximate contents were also reported as follows; protein content (21.50%); fat content (6.75%); ash content (0.92%) and moisture content (68.19%). The results in indicate that all the parameters analyzed for the beef obtained from the Kano abattoir are comparable with the results reported by various researchers, and are all within the standard acceptable limits. Consequently, this impart positive economic implications to the both seller and the consumer, as well as enhancing the meats taste and palatability. The present study concluded that the meat from the Kano State abattoir can be safely consumed by the consumers.

scholarly journals Effect of Drying on the Rehydration Properties of Some Selected Shellfish

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
D. B. Kiin-Kabari ◽  
N. Obasi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Rehydration Ratio ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Oven Drying ◽  
Water Imbibition ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
Sample Water

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of oven drying on the proximate composition and rehydration characteristics of shellfish. Shellfish studied included rough and smooth periwinkle, oyster and whelk. Proximate composition of the fresh samples were determined. Then dried in the oven to a moisture content of 10% and further rehydrated with distill water in sample water ratio of 1:40 and allowed to equilibrate. Proximate composition of the fresh shellfish showed that moisture content ranged from 82.38 to 69.24% with fresh smooth periwinkle having the highest moisture value while whelk had the lowest. The results also showed that whelk had the highest values for ash (2.92%), crude protein (18.83%) and crude fibre (3.71%) when compared to other samples. On rehydration, a moisture loss of 11.75%, 13.28%, 19.24% and 22.04% were observed for rough periwinkle, smooth periwinkle, oyster and whelk, respectively. The results for rehydration indices revealed that dehydration ratio was significantly (p<0.05) high for whelk (1.44), followed by oyster (1.29), rough periwinkle (1.23) and lastly, smooth periwinkle 1.20. Rehydration ratio of whelk (1.47) was equally significantly higher, followed by oyster (1.33) and the least were rough and smooth periwinkle (1.17). For coefficient of reconstitution, oyster recorded the highest value of 1.03, followed by whelk 1.02, rough periwinkle 0.95 and smooth periwinkle 0.98. Rate of water imbibition revealed a sharp increase in the water content of smooth periwinkle up to 240 min and thereafter, it slowed down until equilibrium was reached. In terms of rough periwinkle, oyster and whelk; water imbibition took place with rehydration time up to 300 min, 210 min and 270 min, respectively, thereafter they slowed down. The results have demonstrated that the rate in which oven drying affect the physical and nutritional qualities of shellfish differs.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT-SIFAT KIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK KUE KERING BERBAHAN DASAR PATI SAGU, UBI KAYU, UBI JALAR DAN KELADI

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Febby J Polnaya ◽  
Rachel Breemer
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Brownish Yellow ◽  
Color Texture

The purpose of this research was to characterize chemical and sensory properties (color, texture, taste and liking) of starch-based sago, cassava, sweet potato and cocoyam cookies. Analysis of cookies include moisture content, ash, fat, protein, crude fiber and sensory analysis including color, texture, taste and likeness). The proximate composition indicated that the water content of cookies varied between 1.48 to 2.05%, ash content of 0.65 to 0.72%, 19.23 to 21.76% of fat, crude fiber from 0.41 to 0.71% and 1.33 to 2.42% of total protein. Based on organoleptic tests, the color of cookies was yellow to brownish-yellow, with crispy texture, the taste was sweet and were mostly preferred.

scholarly journals First Report of Monosporascus cannonballus on Melon in Mexico

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 1068-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. I. Chew-Madinaveitia ◽  
A. Gaytán-Mascorro ◽  
T. Herrera-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Oat Hulls ◽  
Monosporascus Cannonballus ◽  
First Report ◽  
The North ◽  
Root Necrosis ◽  
Vine Decline ◽  
Melon Seeds

In 2009, 2010, and 2011, melon plants (Cucumis melo L.) exhibited vine decline in commercial fields in the Municipality of Viesca, State of Coahuila, in the north-central region of Mexico known as La Comarca Lagunera. Symptoms included wilting, leaf yellowing, and vine collapse prior to harvest. Diseased plants showed necrotic root lesions and loss of secondary and tertiary roots. Numerous perithecia containing asci and ascospores typical of Monosporascus cannonballus Pollack & Uecker (3) were found in the root system. M. cannonballus is a typical fungus of hot semiarid climates such as La Comarca Lagunera in which daytime temperatures above 40°C are frequent during the melon growing season. Small root pieces were disinfected with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min and plated onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium with 0.5 g l–1 streptomycin sulfate and incubated for 7 days at 25°C under dark conditions. The mycelium of the fungus colony was initially white, turning gray about 3 weeks later and yielding black perithecia with one ascospore per asci. The internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA of isolate 4 was sequenced and submitted to GenBank with Accession No. JQ51935. Pathogenicity of this isolate was confirmed on melon plants (cv. Cruiser) in the greenhouse at 25 to 32°C. Fungus inoculum was produced in a sand-oat hull medium (0.5 l of sand, 45 g of oat hulls, and 100 ml of distilled water), and incubated at 25°C for 50 days (1). Melon seeds were sown in sterile sand in 20-cm diameter and 12-cm depth polyurethane containers, and the inoculum was added to produce a concentration of 20 CFU g–1. Sowing was done in five inoculated containers and thinned to two plants per container, each container representing a replication. Plants were also grown in five noninoculated containers that were used as controls. After 50 days under greenhouse conditions, plants were evaluated for disease symptoms. Melon plants inoculated with M. cannonballus exhibited root necrosis as opposed to healthy roots observed in noninoculated plants. M. cannonballus was reisolated from symptomatic plants, confirming Koch's postulates. M. cannonballus causes root rot and vine decline on melon and has been reported in Brazil, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Libya, the Netherlands (plants from Russia), Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Taiwan, Tunisia, and the United States. M. cannonballus was reported in 1996 in southeastern Mexico in the State of Colima, where watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum.& Nakai) showed wilting and plant collapse prior to harvest (2). However, to our knowledge, this is the first report of M. cannonballus on melon in Mexico. This is relevant because La Comarca Lagunera region is one of the major melon producing areas in Mexico and M. cannonballus is a pathogen that may cause yield losses of up to 100%. References: (1) B. D. Bruton et al. Plant Dis. 84:907, 2000. (2) R. D. Martyn et al. Plant Dis. 80:1430, 1996. (3) F. G. Pollack and F. A. Uecker. Mycologia 66:346, 1974.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antifungal potentials of Citrus limon peels against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus stolonifer causing rots in water melon (Citrullus lanatus L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
L.U. Bashir ◽  
A. Abdulkadir ◽  
M. M. Shah ◽  
A. Hamisu ◽  
U. Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Water Melon

This study investigated the phytochemical constituents and antifungal potential of Citrus limon peels using aqueous and methanol extracts against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus stolonifer causing rots in water melon. The result of phytocemical screening revealed the presence of Saponin, Tannin, Phenols, Alkaloid and Flavanoid. Pathogenicity test conducted showed that F. oxysporum and R. stolonifer causes rots of Citrullus lanatus. The extracts inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum (76.67% and 60.00 %) methanol and aqueous respectively. R. stolonifer growth was inhibited (85.93% and 71.11%) methanol and aqueous extracts. The fungitoxicity of synthetic fungicide Benomyl was 95.56%. The methanol extracts has highest inhibitory activity than aqueous extract. The result of the findings indicates the Biofungicide potentials of Citrus limon peels as alternative to synthetic fungicide in management of phyto-pathogens of water lemon.

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