scholarly journals Analytical River Routing with Alternative Methods to Estimate Seepage

2019 ◽  
pp. 167-192
Author(s):  
Hubert J. Morel-Seytoux
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Adjacent Cell ◽  
Reservoir Model ◽  
River Stage ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Linear Reservoir ◽  
River Routing

Knowledge of flow exchange between surface and groundwater is of great importance for use of water resources. The determination of seepage between a stream and an underlying aquifer requires an accurate estimation of the river stage and of the head in the aquifer. An approach is presented to estimate analytically river flow and stage while using the SAFE conductance to calculate the seepage.  A major contribution of this article lies in the methodology for river routing with its use of a modified Linear Reservoir model.  The parameter C is related to discharge based on Manning’s equation. That relation breathes into an empirical model a dynamic character. A second major contribution is to show that it is possible to simultaneously calculate river stage and aquifer head in the aquifer cell that contains the river.  As a result iteration is not necessary to estimate that river cell head as river stage changes, as opposed to what is usually done in most numerical groundwater models.  Iteration is still needed for the adjacent cells to the river cell.  Because the influence of a change in the adjacent cell head on the river cell head is much delayed and attenuated the iteration is not sensitive to that change. A goal of this document is to show how that method can be used within a simple physically based routing procedure [1] to estimate the river stage that has a definite influence on seepage.

Emission predictions with a multi-linear reservoir model

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Vaes ◽  
J. Berlamont
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Reservoir Model ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Scenario Analyses ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Ideal Tool ◽  
Linear Reservoir

For the assessment of combined sewer overflows detailed models are not necessary. Physically based conceptual models give an optimal balance between model uncertainty and uncertainty in the input data. Besides, it is important that continuous long term simulations are performed. To prove this, in this paper the calibration of a reservoir model is discussed. The emission results of the reservoir model are compared with those of a hydrodynamic model. This research shows that a well-calibrated reservoir model can predict overflow emissions as well as a detailed model, taking into account the uncertainties in the input data. Moreover, when a reservoir model is used the calculation times are 104 to 106 times smaller. Such simplified models are an ideal tool to perform quickly various scenario analyses.

scholarly journals Characterizing River Baseflow Recession Using Linear Reservoir Model in Alang Watershed, Central Java, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Bokiraiya Okky Latuamury ◽  
Lydia Riekie Parera ◽  
Husein Marasabessy
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Reservoir Model ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Recession Curve ◽  
Recession Curves ◽  
Aquifer Characteristics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Linear Reservoir

Alang is a sub-watershed emptying into the Gajah Mungkur Reservoir in Wonogiri, Central Java Indonesia, with an area of 51.01 km2 and lithology composed of Baturetno Formation and Wonosari Formation. Baseflow is a major component of river flow during the dry season. Hence, the characterization of its recession becomes necessary, and it can be performed with innovation in baseflow hydrological modeling, that is, the recession curve. This study was designed to describe the distinctive features of baseflow recession using a linear reservoir model, which is depicted in individual and master recession curves. The baseflow recession in AlangSubwatershed was represented by a combination of varying initial recession discharge (Q0), α, and recession constants (Krb). The individual recession curves were typified by Q0=0.19-9.11, α= 0.089-0.243, and Krb=0.7843-0.9148. As for the master recession curve, it had Q0=9.99, α=0.085, and Krb=0.928. These results signify a sloping recession curve, meaning that the water storage and aquifer characteristics that store and transmit water in Alang Subwatershed are in good condition.

Perencanaan Sistem Pengurangan Sampah Permukiman Bantaran Sungai Cidurian Kota Bandung

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raka Maulana ◽  
Yulianti Pratama ◽  
Lina Apriyanti
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Inorganic Waste ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
The City

<p>Some areas in the city of Bandung is an area that dilitasi by the flow of the river, to prevent the introduction of garbage into the river basin is necessary to note the waste management systems in residential areas along the river. Cidurian river has a length of 24.86 Km along the river flow. Consists of the city of Bandung and Bandung regency. Administrative regions Cidurian River past eight (8) districts, from the region in the District Kiaracondong precisely Village Babakan Babakan Sari and Surabaya populous and the most densely populated. Thus, there should be community-based waste management in the form of a reduction in resources to prevent potential entry of waste into the river basin. Planning waste reduction will be divided into two, namely the reduction of inorganic waste with waste bank then the reduction of organic waste with absorption holes biopori, and bio reactor mini determination of the reduction is determined by the results of the analysis of the sampling covers the composition and garbage, then the result of the measurement characteristics test and analysis results questionnaire.</p>

scholarly journals Determination of Environmental Factors for the Implementation of the Exploitability Index in Industrial Aggregate Mining Using Multi-Criteria Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Julio Manuel de Luis-Ruiz ◽  
Benito Ramiro Salas-Menocal ◽  
Gema Fernández-Maroto ◽  
Rubén Pérez-Álvarez ◽  
Raúl Pereda-García
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Factor ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Made In

The quality of human life is linked to the exploitation of mining resources. The Exploitability Index (EI) assesses the actual possibilities to enable a mine according to several factors. The environment is one of the most constraining ones, but its analysis is made in a shallow way. This research is focused on its determination, according to a new preliminary methodology that sets the main components of the environmental impact related to the development of an exploitation of industrial minerals and its weighting according to the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). It is applied to the case of the ophitic outcrops in Cantabria (Spain). Twelve components are proposed and weighted with the AHP and an algorithm that allows for assigning a normalized value for the environmental factor to each deposit. Geographic Information Systems (GISs) are applied, allowing us to map a large number of components of the environmental factors. This provides a much more accurate estimation of the environmental factor, with respect to reality, and improves the traditional methodology in a substantial way. It can be established as a methodology for mining spaces planning, but it is suitable for other contexts, and it raises developing the environmental analysis before selecting the outcrop to be exploited.

Determination of the Discharge Coefficient of a Thin-Walled Orifice Used in Hydrostatic Bearings

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Charles ◽  
O. Bonneau ◽  
J. Fre^ne
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Thrust Bearing ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Hydrostatic Bearing ◽  
Hydrostatic Bearings ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Experimental Bench

The characteristics of hydrostatic bearings can be influenced by the compensating device they use, for example, a thin-walled orifice (diaphragm). The flow through the orifice is given by a law where an ad hoc discharge coefficient appears, and, in order to guarantee the characteristics of the hydrostatic bearing, this coefficient must be calibrated. The aim of this work is to provide an accurate estimation of the discharge coefficient under specific conditions. Therefore an experimental bench was designed and a numerical model was carried out. The results obtained then by the experimental and theoretical approach were compared with the values given by the literature. Finally, the influence of the discharge coefficient on the behavior of a thrust bearing is examined.

River parametrisation of the JULES land surface model for improved runoff routing at the global scale.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristeidis Koutroulis ◽  
Manolis Grillakis ◽  
Camilla Mathison ◽  
Eleanor Burke
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Routing Scheme ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
River Flow Simulation ◽  
River Routing

&lt;p&gt;The JULES land surface model has a wide ranging application in studying different processes of the earth system including hydrological modeling [1]. Our aim is to tune the existing configuration of the global river routing scheme at 0.5&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; spatial resolution [2] and improve river flow simulation performance at finer temporal scales. To do so, we develop a factorial experiment of varying effective river velocity and meander coefficient, components of the Total Runoff Integrating Pathways (TRIP) river routing scheme. We test and adjust best performing configurations at the basin scale based on observations from GRDC 230 stations that exhibiting a variety of hydroclimatic and physiographic conditions. The analysis was focused on watersheds of near-natural conditions [3] to avoid potential influences of human management on river flow. The HydroATLAS database [4] was employed to identify basin scale descriptive hydro-environmental indicators that could be associated with the components of the TRIP. These indicators summarize hydrologic and physiographic characteristics of the drainage area of each flow gauge. For each basin we select the best performing set of TRIP parameters per basin resulting to the optimal efficiency of river flow simulation based on the Nash&amp;#8211;Sutcliffe and Kling&amp;#8211;Gupta efficiency metrics. We find that better performance is driven predominantly by characteristics related to the stream gradient and terrain slope. These indicators can serve as descriptors for extrapolating the adjustment of TRIP parameters for global land configurations at 0.5&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; spatial resolution using regression models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;[1] Papadimitriou et al 2017, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 4379&amp;#8211;4401&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;[2] Falloon et al 2007. Hadley Centre Tech. Note 72, 42 pp.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;[3] Fang Zhao et al 2017 Environ. Res. Lett. 12 075003&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;[4] Linke et al 2019, Scientific Data 6: 283.&lt;/p&gt;

Variation in the respiratory quotient of birds and implications for indirect calorimetry using measurements of carbon dioxide production

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Walsberg ◽  
B Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Accurate Estimation

Determination of animal power consumption by indirect calorimetry relies upon accurate estimation of the thermal equivalent of oxygen consumed or carbon dioxide produced. This estimate is typically based upon measurement or assumption of the respiratory quotient (RQ), the ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed. This ratio is used to indicate the mixture of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins in the metabolic substrate. In this analysis, we report the RQ for two bird species, Passer domesticus and Auriparus flaviceps, under several dietary and fasting regimes. RQ commonly differed substantially from those typically assumed in studies of energy metabolism and often included values below those explainable by current knowledge. Errors that could result from these unexpected RQ values can be large and could present the primary limit to the accuracy of power consumption estimates based upon measurement of carbon dioxide production.

Chemical indicators of sediment chronology

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 635 ◽  
Author(s):  
GW Kilby ◽  
GE Batley
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Sedimentation Rates ◽  
Antifouling Paints ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Laboratory Facilities ◽  
Lead Zinc

The determination of recent sedimentation rates has traditionally used radiochemical dating techniques but, because of limited laboratory facilities and the costs of these techniques, alternative methods are desirable. Information on sedimentation rates and sediment history can be obtained from anthropogenic chemical components whose presence in sediments, especially near urban areas, can be used as markers to assess their chronology. More than one marker, with a known date of introduction, should be used. In this study, organosilicons first used in the early 1950s and tributyltin used in marine antifouling paints from 1972 were examined in sediments from Lake Macquarie, NSW, to supplement the known input of heavy metals from the lead-zinc smelter that has been operating at the northern end of the lake since 1897. The most reliable data were obtained at sites where all three markers were present, and use of these data allowed independent determination of the year of initial operation of a sewage treatment works.

scholarly journals ORCHIDEE-ROUTING: A new river routing scheme using a high resolution hydrological database

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trung Nguyen-Quang ◽  
Jan Polcher ◽  
Agnès Ducharne ◽  
Thomas Arsouze ◽  
Xudong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Routing Scheme ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
River Routing

Abstract. This study presents a revised river routing scheme (RRS) for the Organising Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE) land surface model. The revision is carried out to benefit from the high resolution topography provided the Hydrological data and maps based on SHuttle Elevation Derivatives at multiple Scales (HydroSHEDS), processed to a resolution of approximately 1 kilometer. The RRS scheme of the ORCHIDEE uses a unit-to-unit routing concept which allows to preserve as much of the hydrological information of the HydroSHEDS as the user requires. The evaluation focuses on 12 rivers of contrasted size and climate which contribute freshwater to the Mediterranean Sea. First, the numerical aspect of the new RRS is investigated, to identify the practical configuration offering the best trade-off between computational cost and simulation quality for ensuing validations. Second, the performance of the revised scheme is evaluated against observations at both monthly and daily timescales. The new RRS captures satisfactorily the seasonal variability of river discharges, although important biases come from the water budget simulated by the ORCHIDEE model. The results highlight that realistic streamflow simulations require accurate precipitation forcing data and a precise river catchment description over a wide range of scales, as permitted by the new RRS. Detailed analyses at the daily timescale show promising performances of this high resolution RRS for replicating river flow variation at various frequencies. Eventually, this RRS is well adapted for further developments in the ORCHIDEE land surface model to assess anthropogenic impacts on river processes (e.g. damming for irrigation operation).

Quantitative Determination of Benzaldehyde in Flavors and Cordials by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry and 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Precipitation

1967 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Richard L Brunelle
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry ◽  
Precipitation Procedure ◽  
Gravimetric Procedure

Abstract Three sets of samples were collaboratively analyzed by the official, first action ultraviolet spectrophotometric and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine precipitation methods for determining benzaldehyde in flavors and cordials. The spectrophotometric method was unchanged, except for clarification, and collaborators reported recoveries averaging nearly 100%. The gravimetric procedure using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine gave unsatisfactory recoveries on the first two sets of collaborative samples. However, collaborators reported approximately 96% recovery of benzaldehyde with a modified precipitation procedure on a third set of samples. The ultraviolet spectrophotometric method and the modified 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine precipitation procedure are recommended for adoption as official, final action as alternative methods.

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