scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp Isolated from Post-weaned Piglet Faeces under Penicillin-streptomycin Combination Therapy (Penstrep®) in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. N. T. Koné ◽  
N. K. N’gbesso ◽  
B. K. Guédé ◽  
M. B. Ouattara ◽  
F. K. Konan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Aim: The current study was aimed at evaluating the antibiotic resistance profile of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp isolated from post-weaned piglets treated with penicillin-streptomycin combination therapy. Study Design:  Bacteriological study. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of the National Reference Center for antibiotics at Institut Pasteur Côte d’Ivoire, between March 2018 and June 2018. Methodology: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species were isolated from post weaned piglets stool on Mac Conkey medium added up separately with penicillin, streptomycin and combined penicillin-streptomycin and identified. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using disk diffusion method on Müller-Hinton agar. Results: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species resistance to penicillin, streptomycin and combined penicillin-streptomycin evaluated, respectively, reached 80.5% (Day 0) to 92.0% (Day 4); 17.0% (Day 0) to 39.9% (Day 4) and 31.3% (Day 0) to 70.9% (Day 4) for piglets treated with Penstrep®. In addition, antibiotic susceptibility test carried out for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp strains isolated from piglets treated with Penstrep® revealed resistance to amoxicillin for each bacterial species at a rate of 86.0% and 89.0%. Furthermore, control piglets showed lesser resistance to streptomycin (E.coli 31.0% and Klebsiella spp 38.0%) than those treated with the combination therapy Penstrep® (E. coli 73.0% and Klebsiella spp 48.0%). As for netilmicin, imipenem and colistin, no resistance was detected for treated piglets as well as untreated ones. Conclusion: The combination therapy with Penstrep® has increased Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species resistance to antibiotics tested in the current study.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Uropathogenic Bacteria in RMMC Hospital of Chidambaram

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 334-339
Author(s):  
A. Gnanasekaran ◽  
P. Manikandan ◽  
J. Vigneshwari ◽  
P. Poongothai ◽  
P. K. Senthilkumar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Uropathogenic Bacteria

Background: In every year millions of people were affected by the Urinary Tract Infection. It was creating a serious health issue. Aim: The present study was to analysis of the uropathogenic bacteria in patients were attended RMMC Hospital and their antibiotic resistance pattern, in vitro detection of haemolysis virulent factor of uropathogenic. Material and Methods: All urine samples were tested by the standard microbiological procedure. Kirby-Bauer method used for the Antibiotic Susceptibility Test according to the CLSI guidelines. Commercially available antibiotics were used. Blood Agar used for the detection of haemolysis. Results: A total of 261 urine samples were included in this study. We isolated a total of 103 positive cultures. 12% of Gram-positive, 83% of Gram-negative bacteria and 3% of Candida fungi. Escherichia coli was the most predominant bacteria (54%) followed by Klebsiella sp (15%), Staphylococcus aureus (12%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12%), Proteus (1%) and fungi Candida (3%). Mostly female patients’ sample were analysed and the inpatient higher majority than the outpatients. Conclusion: Escherichia coli are the common bacteria to cause of UTI. Nowadays most of the uropathogens are to resistance to the overall antibiotics. This kind of reactions creating the life-threatening of humans. Keywords: Antibiotic, Antibiotic Susceptibility Test, Uropathogens, Resistance, Haemolysis

scholarly journals Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Isolated from Raw Meat from Modake and Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Wilkie Eunice Damilola ◽  
Oluduro Anthonia Olufunke ◽  
Ezeani Chidinma Vivian ◽  
Sotala Toyosi Teniola
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Raw Meat ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
High Level

The study reported isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from raw meat from Modakeke and Ile-ife, Osun State, Nigeria, with the view to determining the antibiogram profiling of the bacterial isolates.  In this study, five samples of fresh meat were collected from different abattoirs in Ile-Ife and Modakeke, Osun State. Isolates of Escherichia coli were isolated, identified morphologically based on their growth on nutrient agar and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test on Mueller Hinton agar. The mean microbial load from the meat samples ranged from 8.85 x 102cfu/ml to 5.77 x 104cfu/ml. A total of 69 E. coli isolates were recovered from the meat sampled. All the isolates appeared cream, translucent, entire, convex, circular, smooth and glistering. The isolates were identified as Gram negative rods, non-motile, lactose fermenters, positive for indole test and negative for citrate utilization test. All the E. coli isolates were resistant to augmentin, ceftriazone, nitrofurantoin and gentamycin. 98.55% of E. coli isolated was resistant to amoxillin and the least resistant was recorded in ofloxacin (8.70%). However, 91.30% of the E. coli isolates was sensitive to ofloxacin, 81.16% to ciprofloxacin and 36.23% to pefloxacin while none was sensitive to augmentin, ceftriazone, nitrofurantoin and gentamycin. A total of 19 different multiple antibiotic resistance patterns were observed among the isolates. Thirty isolates (43.48%) showed multiple antibiotic resistance to 5 and 10 different antibiotic types each. The study concluded that occurrence of E. coli infection is high in the study area with high level of multiple antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Bloodstream infections initiated by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in neonates and infants at two hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1222-1233
Author(s):  
Carole Suzie Lacmago Titsamp ◽  
Hortense Kamga Gonsu ◽  
Simon Ngamli Fewou
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Neonates And Infants

Early diagnosis and probabilistic antibiotic therapy based on known bacterial ecology and antibiotic sensibility can reduce mortality and morbidity in pathologies caused by a bacterial infection. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and risk factors of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing Escherichia coli isolated from blood cultures of neonates and infants population. We conducted a cross-sectional study during which pathogenic bloodstream isolates were identified. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed on Escherichia coli isolates and phenotypic confirmation of ESBL production by Escherichia coli was performed by a double-disc synergy test. Over the course of this study, 298 blood cultures were performed and 129 (43.3%) positive cultures were obtained. Of the 129 bacterial isolates, 90 (69.7%) were Escherichia coli and 39 (30.2%) were other bacteria strains that included Klebsiella oxytoca, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Coagulase-negative staphylococci. Antibiotic susceptibility test indicated that Escherichia coli isolates were resistant to cephalosporin, penicillin, sulfonamide, and aminoglycoside antibiotic families. Further analysis indicated that 31 (34.4%) Escherichia coli strains were ESBL producers and risk factors for bloodstream infection by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli were prior to exposure to antibiotics and immune system depression. These findings clearly extend our understanding of the type of resistant initiated by ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in bloodstream infection of neonates, and infants and also provides useful information that can guide the establishment of an efficient therapeutic strategy for the community- and hospital-acquired bloodstream infection.

scholarly journals Isolation and molecular characterization of staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical cases in broilers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-62
Author(s):  
Anas Almousawi ◽  
Abdullah Alhatami ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Clinical Cases

Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) causes a difficult problem in the poultry industry because it causes diseases that are difficult to treat due to the resistance of these bacteria to antibiotics and their possession of a battery of virulence and resistance genes in addition to their ability to produce thick biofilms. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted to collect a total of 53 samples from different clinical cases in broilers during the period from August 2019 to February 2020 in Al-Najaf and Karbala cities, The clinical isolates were determined by using the conventional standard biochemical tests. All the specimens cultured on blood agar medium supplemented with 5% blood for primary isolation and selected by using selective media mannitol salt agar (MSA) for confirmation the mannitol fermentation, then subjected to gram’s staining, catalase, oxidase, and further slide coagulase test, then all S. aureus isolates tested by antibiotic susceptibility test, and screened for the presence of mecA and mecC genes using PCR for the detection of MRSA isolates, then subjected to the detection of virulence genes (pvl and eta), antibiotic resistance gene (cfr), identification of integron class 1, biofilm formation assay, the multi-druge resistance profiles (MDR) and multible antibiotics resistance (MAR) indexes were calculated. Results: the isolation rate of S. aureus from the broilers' clinical samples was 37.7%. The antibiotic susceptibility test revealed that 85% of S. aureus isolates were resistant to one or more of the antibiotic tested. All 53 isolates were assessed for the presence of mecA and mecC genes by using PCR. The mecA gene-specific PCR product was seen in 7 (35%) isolates and considered as MRSA. Among all S. aureus isolates, two isolates were positive for the eta gene, and 15 (75%) isolates harboring integron class 1, while the biofilm formation test revealed that 7 (35%) was positive biofilm producers and three of them were strong producers, consequentlly, 13 (65%) of the isolates were resisted to three or more antibiotics and considered as MDR strains. While pvl, cfr, and mecC gene were not detected among S. aureus isolates. Conclusion: the current study revealed that S. aureus possess a real threat in the poultry industry reflecting a public health problem due to the large acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes by these bacteria, the results indicated a high percentage of isolates having MDR characteristic, and two of them were resistant to all antibiotics tested. In addition to the presence of two MRSA isolates carrying the eta gene, this indicating that they are of human origin.

scholarly journals Enterococci used as complementary indicator of fecal contamination to assess water quality from public schools in the city of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Amabile Waideman ◽  
Vivian Plaça Teixeira ◽  
Elisa Hizuru Uemura ◽  
Tânia Montenegro Stamford ◽  
Diego Averaldo Guiguet Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
The City ◽  
Microbiological Indicators

Abstract The study evaluated the drinking water quality from 45 public schools in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. Water samples were harvested from two different points at each school: the first one, drinking fountain used by students (n=45) and the second, kitchen faucet (n=45), comprising 90 samples. The samples were submitted to analysis according to current legislation, such as: dosage of free chlorine; colony counts of heterotrophic bacteria; presence of total coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli. In addition, an enterococci analysis was also included as a complementary microbiological indicator of fecal contamination. The isolated strains of enterococci were identified and submitted to an antibiotic susceptibility test. In relation to the legal parameters, 35.5% (n=16) of the 45 schools evaluated did not meet the quality water standards set by the Brazilian legislation. Although none of the 90 samples exhibited the presence Escherichia coli, 6.6% (n=6) of the analyzed samples presented enterococci contamination. Regarding the antibiotic susceptibility test, the isolated strains demonstrated a similar behavior, became resistant to six antibiotics and had intermediate sensitivity to one (Streptomycin) of the nine antibiotics tested. The drinking water destined for human consumption in the public schools may pose health risks for students since the fecal contamination by enterococci was confirmed, and it could be observed that the water may be a source of genes from bacteria resistant to antimicrobials. This study reinforces the importance of monitoring complementary microbiological indicators to assure water quality, seeing that fecal contamination was detected only when alternative parameters were inserted, emphasizing the relevance of including microbiological indicators beyond what the legislation requires to evaluate the drinking water more effectively and to safeguard public health.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species Isolated from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Sarmin Satter ◽  
SM Shamsuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Esbl Producers

This study was conducted to determine the presence of ESBL producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh, as well as to observe the patterns of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic resistance genes among them. A total of 166 Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca were isolated from urine, wound swab, pus, sputum and blood samples of patients of Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Antibiotic susceptibility test wasperformed by disk-diffusion technique. ESBL producers were detected phenotypically by Double-disk synergy (DDS) test. Genotypically ESBL genes (blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA-1) among the ESBL producers with presence of class 1 integron among them were detected by PCR. Eighty seven (52.41%) ESBL producers were detected by DDS test. CTX-M-15 (80.46%) was the dominant genotype in ESBL producing strains detected by PCR. Class 1 integron was found in 58 (66.67%) of the phenotypic positive ESBL producers. The results of this study showed high proportion of ESBL producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species in Bangladesh. Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2016; 10 (2): 4-8

scholarly journals Synthesis and Evaluation of Mannitol-Based Inhibitors for Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Richard E. Johnsson
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Computational Docking ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis ◽  
Potential Inhibitors

Antibiotic resistance is a serious threat against humankind and the need for new therapeutics is crucial. Without working antibiotics, diseases that we thought were extinct will come back. In this paper two new mannitol bisphosphate analogs, 1,6-dideoxy-1,6-diphosphoramidate mannitol and 1,6-dideoxy-1,6-dimethansulfonamide mannitol, have been synthesized and evaluated as potential inhibitors of the enzyme GmhB in the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharides. 1,6-Dideoxy-1,6-diphosphoramidate mannitol showed promising result in computational docking experiments, but neither phosphate analog showed activity in the Kirby-Bauer antibiotic susceptibility test.

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