scholarly journals Rooting of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi Cuttings as a Function of the Preparation Method and Indolebutyric Acid Concentrations

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
D. M. Spalenza ◽  
S. S. Berilli ◽  
N. P. Felberg ◽  
J. J. O. Gomes ◽  
R. F. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
The State ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
The North ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Large Spread ◽  
The World

Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi, popularly known in Brazil as pink pepper or aroeira, has become a new source of agricultural exploitation for some farmers, notably located in the north of the state of Espírito Santo, the largest producing region in the world. Once it was a species that has been historically exploited in an extractive manner, where only what nature offers is explored, the need for the generation of scientific knowledge to understand its genetic potential in all agronomic areas is evident, starting with the large spread in scale of this species. Therefore, the objective of the work was to study the effects of indolebutyric acid (IBA) on the physiology and quality of seedlings produced by cuttings of the species Schinus terebentifolia Raddi under different concentrations of this hormone and different ways of application. The experiment design was a factorial in randomized blocks, in the 2x7 arrangement, the first being composed of two forms of preparation of the hormone (dilution in acetone or in water) and the second composed by 7 concentrations of IBA (0 mg/L; 625 mg/L; 1250 mg/L; 2500 mg/L; 3000 mg/L; 3750 mg/L and 5000 mg/L) with 5 blocks and 5 plants in each treatment. The addition of IBA favored the development and physiological aspects of the seedlings, produced from the hormone prepared with both, water and acetone. The quality of seedlings induced with IBA diluted in water was compromised with the addition of the hormone, whereas in seedlings treated with IBA diluted in acetone, the estimated dose of 1750 mg/L of IBA, promoted the better quality index (IQD) of the seedlings.

Muslims and Science

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-73
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Olatunde Uthman
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
The State ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Islamic Science

It is sad and paradoxical that Muslims, who were once the precursors and torchbearers of the scientific knowledge that culminated in modern civilization, are today wallowing in a state of backwardness, ignorance, and domination. Despite their global numerical strength of over one billion people,1 only a few Muslim countries are currently making any significant strides in shaping contemporary civilization and the state of the world. This paper examines how the Islamic concept of khilafah (vicegerency) can be employed to revive Islamic science so that it can sustain human and other creatures in a wholesome manner. It argues that teaching secular sciences according to Islamic principles, as is being done today at the International Islamic University, Malaysia (IIUM) and Nigeria’s Crescent University, Abeokuta (CUA) will reverse such negative trends.

scholarly journals Polish Dialectal Phrasematics – the State of Research (for the Five-year Period 2015–2020), Methods and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
pp. 229-241
Author(s):  
Maciej Rak
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
The Third ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
North And South

The article has three goals. The first is to present the history of research on Polish dialectal phrasematics. In particular, attention was paid to the last five years, i.e. the period 2015–2020. The works in question were ordered according to the dialectological key, taking into account the following dialects: Greater Polish, Masovian, Silesian, Lesser Polish, and the North and South-Eastern dialects. The second goal is to indicate the methodologies that have so far been used to describe dialectal phrasematics. Initially, component analysis was used, which was part of the structuralist research trend, later (more or less from the late 1980s) the ethnolinguistic approach, especially the description of the linguistic picture of the world, began to dominate. The third goal of the article is to provide perspectives. The author once again (as he did it in his earlier works) postulates the preparation of a dictionary of Polish dialectal phrasematics.

Participatory and decentralized water resources management: challenges and perspectives for the North Paraíba River Basin committee – Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 2007-2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. F. M. Ribeiro ◽  
Z. M. C. L. Vieira ◽  
M. M. R. Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Participatory Management ◽  
Water Users ◽  
The North ◽  
State Water ◽  
Executive Agency

The Brazilian Water Resources Policy (Law 9433/1997) establishes participatory and decentralized management, involving civil society, water users and governmental bodies, with the basin committees as the basis of this process. Fifteen years after its implementation, it is possible to perceive accomplishments, but, at the same time, there are some difficulties in regards to the operation of the basin committees in the country. Considering the North Paraíba River Basin – which is completely included in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil, and presents great social and economic importance for the state – this article analyzes the process of formation, installation and functioning of its Basin Committee (CBH-PB), focusing on its composition, the reasons for the mobilization and demobilization of its members, the intra-relations between segments, and the inter-relations between the CBH-PB and other entities of the State Water Management System (the Water Executive Agency and the State Water Resources Council). The level of decentralization and the quality of participatory management (as it is being performed at the CBH-PB) are discussed and guidelines are suggested in order to allow greater effectiveness to the committee.

scholarly journals FOREIGN TRADE IN SERVICES IN THE CONTEXT OF POSTINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (9) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Tetyana MELNYK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Trade In Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Science Intensity

The tendencies of development of Ukraine’s foreign trade in services in the period of transition to postindustrial society are researched. The share of exports of Ukraine’s services in 2017 amounted to 0.2% of the world exports and 0.1% of the world imports. The foreign trade in technologically capacious services is analyzed by criterion of science intensity, according to which the Eurostat allocates 4 groups of high-tech services: the highest level of science intensity, science-intensive market services, science-intensive financial services and other science-intensive services. In foreign trade, the share of high-tech services is 42%; the share of exports is 26%. Thus, Ukraine is a net exporter on the world market of high-tech services and has over US$ 1.6 billion positive balance. Educational services, which belong to the fourth group of science-intensive services, are characterized by competitive advantages. Ukraine has a high coefficient of the population coverage with higher education. The final consumer spending of households for education in 2016 amounted to 1.3% of total expenditures in actual prices. Despite the fact that the price policy of Ukrainian higher education institutions is quite loyal, the number of students who go abroad to study increases every year. According to the CEDOS Center, the number of Ukrainian students studying in foreign universities amounted to 72 thousand in 2016-2017 academic year. According to the State Migration Service data, in 2016, 13,621 people left abroad and only 1,958 people returned. Moreover, highly qualified specialists are leaving, which negatively affects the quality of education. Ukrainian higher education institutions rank in the second half of the list of the international rankings of universities, with 5.6 out of 289. A study of the level of total per capita expenditures for health care at purchasing power parity showed that in Ukraine this level is 1.8 times lower than the world one, and 2-3.1 times lower comparing with countries of the post-Soviet space. The state and population health care expenditures increase (in 2017, they amounted to 0.02% of GDP), but are not accompanied by an increase in quality of services. No more than 6% of Ukrainians apply for personal health insurance programs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop regulatory and legal standards in the sphere of services, harmonized with international standards.

scholarly journals Der Norden und der Süden: die Rolle des Staates bei der wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Spaltung Italien.

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (98) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Isaia Sales
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
The South ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Italian History ◽  
The North ◽  
Role Of The State

The dominating role of the state in the failed economic and social integration of the Mezzogiorno into the modern and developed northern part of the country since the creation of the Italian union is analysed. The mutation of the 'southern' to the'northern question' constitutes one of the most recent phenomena in Italian history which threatens the concept of national unity. Therefore, a new contract between the North and the South is necessary to combat the backwardness of the Mezzogiorno. This also requires a new quality of state and not its withdrawal from social life.

scholarly journals Water quality index using fuzzy logic Utcubamba River, Peru

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-18
Author(s):  
Lenin Quiñones-Huatangari ◽  
Luis Ochoa ◽  
Manuel Emilio Milla-Pino ◽  
José Federico Bazán ◽  
Oscar Andrés Gamarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Water Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Indexes ◽  
Living Being

Water is a fundamental nutrient in the life of any living being. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate its quality, because it is an issue of increasing concern countries around the world for reasons such as the health of the population, regional, national and international economic development, and the environmental quality of the ecosystems. One tool that has been used to know the state of the water is the water quality indexes (WQI). The objective of this research was to develop a WQI based on fuzzy logic, which allows for the estimation of water quality in the Utcubamba River. The methodology used was proposed by Icaga in 2007. To evaluate the proposed WQI called "Diffuse Water Quality Index" (DWQI), sixteen points from the sampling conducted by the Research Institute for Sustainable Development during October 2014 on the Utcubamba River and its tributaries were used. To validate the index, it was necessary to estimate the correlation coefficient R2 between the results obtained and those of the NSF WQI wáter quality index reported by the Water Research Center. This new index presented results and reasonable correlation, R2 = 0.81. It is concluded that DWQI can be used as a tool for decision making in the water management of the Utcubamba River.

Analysis of the Development of the Hospitatity Industry in the North Caucasus Federal District

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Olga V. Pirogova ◽  
Anastasia Yu. Pirogova
Keyword(s):  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The State ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Market Saturation

The article talks about the role of the hospitality industry in the world, shows statistics on the state of the hospitality industry in the world and in Russia. It is shown how tourism and the hospitality industry are interconnected, how tourism affects the development of the hospitality industry. The article gives the concept of the hospitality industry, analyzes this concept, gives its interpretation by Russian and foreign scientists, gives an analysis of this concept in connection with the legal point of view. The hospitality industry is a complex of economic system, which is an intersectoral complex. The paper shows the role of the hospitality industry in the North Caucasus Federal District. The concept of a market saturation indicator for hotel services is introduced, and global market saturation indicators for hotel rooms are discussed. The paper gives the main indicators of the state of the hotel services market, such as: the number of collective accommodation facilities, the number of rooms, the number of places in collective accommodation facilities, the number of nights in collective accommodation facilities. These indicators are compared with the indicators of the Russian Federation as a whole, with indicators in the North Caucasus Federal District as a whole. Also, a comparison of these indicators among the regions of the district. The analysis of these indicators of the development of the hotel industry in the district is carried out, the growth of these indicators in comparison with 2012 is shown, the share of hotel services by the district is analyzed. The study shows a significant difference in these indicators between the regions of the district. The article discusses the role of the classification of hotels and provides data on the classification of hospitality industry enterprises in the district, the classification capabilities and the problems associated with this procedure. As a result of the work, a conclusion is drawn on the state of the hotel services market in the North Caucasus Federal District.

Outlook for the World Economy: A Latin American Viewpoint

1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-146
Author(s):  
Juan Guillermo Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Latin American ◽  
World Economy ◽  
External Debt ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
General Sense ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The World

The Term Which best sums up the current international economic situation is the word “crisis.” This crisis exists not only in the economies of the South, harassed over the past five years by external debt and the adjustment measures which it has spawned, but also in the economies of the North, often saddled with substantial deficits.Surrounding the state of crisis is a general sense of confusion as to the proper direction to take to deal with this crisis. The future appears opaque, which renders the choice of remedies even more difficult than would normally be the case under better circumstances.

scholarly journals Development of a groundwater quality index: GWQI, for the aquifers of the state of Bahia, Brazil using multivariable analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Barbosa Filho ◽  
Iara Brandão de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
The State ◽  
Groundwater Quality Index ◽  
Multivariable Analyses

AbstractThis work elaborated a groundwater quality index—GWQI, for the aquifers of the state of Bahia, Brazil, using multivariable analyses. Data from 600 wells located in the four hydrogeological domains: sedimentary, crystalline, karstic, and metasedimentary, were subjected to exploratory statistical analysis, and 22 out of 26 parameters were subjected to multivariable analysis using Statistica (Version 7.0). From the PCA, 5 factors were sufficient to participate in the index, due to sufficient explanation of the cumulative variance. The matrix of factorial loads (for 1–5 factors) indicated 9 parameters related to water quality and 4 hydrological, with factor loads above ± 0.50, to be part of the hierarchical cluster analysis. The dendrogram allowed to choose the 5 parameters related to groundwater quality, to participate in the GWQI (hardness, total residue, sulphate, fluoride and iron). From the multivariable analyses, three parameters from a previous index—NGWQI, were not selected for the GWQI: chloride (belongs to the hardness hierarchical group); pH (insignificant factor load); and nitrate (significant factor load only for 6 factors), also, not a regionalized variable. From the set of communality values (5 factors), the degree of relevance of each parameter was extracted. Based on these values, were determined the relative weights (wi) for the parameters. Using similar WQI-NSF formulation, a product of quality grades raised to a power, which is the weight of importance of each variable, the GWQI values were calculated. Spatialization of 1369 GWQI values, with the respective colors, on the map of the state of Bahia, revealed good correlation between the groundwater quality and the index quality classification. According to the literature on water quality indexing, the GWQI developed here, using emerging technologies, is a mathematical tool developed as specific index, as it was derived using limits for drinking water. This new index was tailored to represent the quality of the groundwater of the four hydrogeological domains of the state of Bahia. Although it has a regionalized application, its development, using, factor analysis, principal component analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis, participates of the new trend for WQI development, which uses rational, rather than subjective assessment. The GWQI is a successful index due to its ability to represent the groundwater quality of the state of Bahia, using a single mathematical formulation, the same five parameters, and unique weight for each parameter.

scholarly journals INTERACTIONS OF BIOCHAR AND ORGANIC COMPOUND FOR SEEDLINGS PRODUCTION OF Magonia pubescens A. St.-Hil.

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefany Lorrayny Lima ◽  
Suelen Tamiozzo ◽  
Edwin Camacho Palomino ◽  
Fabiano André Petter ◽  
Ben Hur Marimon-Junior
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compound ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
The State ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
State University ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that biochar, applied with cattle manure, promotes better development of seedlings of Magonia pubescens St. Hil. The experiment was conducted at the State University of Mato Grosso, Nova Xavantina, Brazil, in 2011. We used a completely randomized design, with twelve treatments and three replications. The substrates formed by the higher levels of cattle manure plus biochar (30%) provided better results of height, diameter and aerial biomass. However, the Dickson Quality Index has not confirmed the quality of seedlings in these treatments. We also observed that the doses of biochar (20 and 30%) when added separately to the Latosol, are not efficient for the growth improvement of the seedlings. Based on the present results, we validate the hypothesis that substrates formed with a mixture of cattle manure and biochar are effective to improve the production of seedlings of M. pubescens.

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