scholarly journals Histomorphologic Effect of Citrus aurantiifolia against Cadmium Chloride Induced Toxicity in the Liver and Kidney of Adult Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
E. U. Eric ◽  
F. O. Adiela
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Lime Juice ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Citrus Aurantiifolia

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Citrus aurantiifolia against cadmium chloride toxicity induced in the liver and kidney of Albino Wistar rats histologically. Methods: Twenty five adult female Albino rats weighing 150±11 to 200±50 g were used for the study. The rats were purchased from the Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Science, University Port Harcourt, Rivers State of Nigeria. They were randomly assigned into five groups (A B C D& E) with each group having five rats. Group A (Control) received only food and water for six weeks (6 weeks), Group B received food, cadmium water and treatment with lime juice for six weeks (6 weeks), Group C received food, water and lime juice for three weeks. After three weeks, they stopped lime and water and were induced with cadmium chloride for 3 weeks, Group D received food, cadmium chloride for 3 weeks and after 3 week they were given normal water and treated with lime for another 3 weeks, Group E received food and cadmium water for six weeks. At the end of the treatment, the liver and the kidney of each sacrificed rat were processed for paraffin sectioning and stained with Harris hematoxylin and eosin. Results: Photomicrographs of Groups B and C which were induced with Cadmium Chloride and treated with citrus shows area of central necrosis and central vein congested with red blood cells and also the presence of inflammatory cells which are features of liver injury can be seen. Conclusion: There was no significant protective effect of Citrus aurantiifolia against cadmium-induced liver injury in Albino Wistar rats. Also, there was no significant effect of cadmium-induced toxicity on the kidney of the Albino Wistar rat.

scholarly journals Comparison of Protective Effect of Apium graveolens and Aloe vera Supplemented with Zinc on Cadmium Induced Hepato and Nephro-Toxicity in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (28) ◽  
pp. 2083-2088
Author(s):  
Sushanth N.K. ◽  
Vijayaraghavan R. ◽  
Vijayalakshmi S ◽  
Senthilkumar Sivanesan ◽  
Madhan Kumar Swaminathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant that accumulates in various organs such as liver, kidney, and other organs. It generates reactive oxygen species, thereby resulting in pathological changes in the organs it accumulates in by depleting antioxidants. Apium graveolens (AG) and Aloe vera (AV) are rich sources of antioxidants. Zinc (Zn) is an important antioxidant trace element present in various tissues and this protects the organs from the toxic effects of cadmium. We wanted to compare the protective effect of AG and AV with and without Zn supplementation in Cd exposed liver and kidneys of Wistar rats. METHODS Male Wistar albino rats were divided into 11 groups. The control group received only vehicle, the experimental groups were administered with 10 mg / Kg bw of CdCl2, 40mg / Kg bw of ZnCl2, 200 mg / Kg bw of AG and AV, 400mg / K bw AG and AV separately and in combination. After 56 days, the animals were sacrificed and histopathology was done. RESULTS Cd resulted in significant tissue damage of liver and kidney. AG, AV and Zn were able to offer protection to these tissues. CONCLUSIONS AG, AV and Zn by virtue of their antioxidant properties, protect the liver and kidney from damages due to Cd more effectively in rats. KEY WORDS Cadmium, Zinc, Kidney, Liver, Apium graveolens, Aloe vera

scholarly journals Effect of Testosterone on Lead Acetate Toxicity in Male Albino Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
Nazar Mohammed Shareef Mahmood ◽  
Sarkawt Hamad Ameen Hamad ◽  
Dlshad Hussein Hassan ◽  
Karwan Ismael Othman
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Group I ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Adverse Influence

The toxicity of lead acetate (L. A.) concerned to public health disruptor due to its persistence in the environment and it has the adverse influence on the human and animal health as well. It causes physiological,biochemical, and neurological dysfunctions in humans. Histologically it has a negative effect on the liver which is considered one of the major target organs where acts as detoxification machine by elimination the toxic substance from the blood in rich with it.  As well as it affects kidneys that are the two of the most filtering organs. Therefore the present study was aimed to investigate the histopathological effect of L.A. on liver and kidney tissues in male rats. Twenty male rats involved in the study were equally and randomly divided into two groups each of them involved 10 animals. Group I (castrated rats) and Group II (control) each group received 80mg/L of lead acetate dissolved in one liter distilled water by drinking for 15 days. Histological sections showed some alterations including abnormal architecture, cell degeneration, nuclear degeneration, hyperchromatic hepatocytes, immune cells, degeneration in tubules, dilation in sinusoids, dilation in central vein of liver increased bowman's space glomerular atrophy degeneration of tubular cells in liver and kidney tissues of rats in castrated rats from control group. But the size of degenerated tissue was more severe in castrated male rats. It was concluded that the castration process could produce a hypogonadism and decreased testosterone which owns many receptors in kidney and liver may produce adverse influence with L.A. administration.

Protective effect of febuxostat in sepsis-induced liver and kidney injuries after cecal ligation and puncture with the impact of xanthine oxidase, interleukin 1β, and c-Jun N-terminal kinases

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 906-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
YF Ibrahim ◽  
RR Fadl ◽  
SAE Ibrahim ◽  
MF Gayyed ◽  
AMA Bayoumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
The Impact

Sepsis is one of the most common causes of death among hospitalized patients. Activity of xanthine oxidase (XO), a reactive oxygen species-producing enzyme, is known to be elevated in septic patients. Our aim was to investigate the possible protective role of XO inhibitor, febuxostat (FEB), in a rat model of sepsis-induced liver and kidney injures. Adult male albino rats were divided into four groups ( n = 12 each): sham control, sham + FEB, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and CLP + FEB groups. FEB (10 mg/kg per os (p.o.)) was given once daily for 2 days and 30 min prior to laparotomy with CLP. CLP was associated with a high mortality rate accompanied by significant liver and kidney injuries indicated by elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine levels and confirmed by histopathological tissue injury. Moreover, there was an increase in neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, uric acid, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels and with decreased superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity. In addition, CLP caused increased expression of the inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1beta protein levels, and nuclear factor kappa B immunoexpression. Finally, CLP operated rats exhibited an upregulation in the apoptotic mediators, caspase 3, and P-C-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) proteins. FEB treatment of CLP rats caused a significant improvement and normalization in all measured parameters. Moreover, FEB amerliorates degenerative histopathological changes and improves the overall survival rate. In conclusion, FEB exhibited a protective effect in sepsis-induced liver and kidney injuries most probably through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic properties and attenuating JNK signaling pathway secondary to its XO enzyme inhibitory activity.

scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Naringenin-Oxime on Cisplatin-Induced Toxicity in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Koyuncu ◽  
Abdurrahim Kocyigit ◽  
Ataman Gonel ◽  
Erkan Arslan ◽  
Mustafa Durgun
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The aim of this study is to examine the protective effect of naringenin-oxime (NOX) on cisplatin-induced major organ toxicity and DNA damage in rats. Thirty-five male Wistar albino rats were equally split into five groups as follows: control (i.p., 0.1 ml of saline), Cis administration (i.p., 7 mg/kg b.w.), NOX treatment (i.p., 20 mg/kg b.w., daily for ten days), Cis + NOX20, and Cis + NOX40 combination (i.p., 20 and 40 mg/kg b.w., daily for ten days). Serum and peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBMC) were obtained from blood. Malondialdehyde, glutathione, total antioxidant and oxidant status, and catalase were measured in serum, liver, and kidney, and oxidative stress index was calculated. In parallel, paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were tested in liver and serum. We used 8-OHdOG as a marker for DNA damage in serum via ELISA and in PMBC via comet assay. Treatment with Cis elevated the levels of serum biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. Pretreatments of NOX restored biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in serum, renal, and liver tissues (p<0.01) and reduced 8-OHdG level, a finding further supported by comet assay in PBMC. Observations of the present study support the fact that treatment with NOX prevents Cis-induced hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and genotoxicity by restoring antioxidant system.

scholarly journals Protective effect of aqueous extract of Lophira lanceolata leaf against cisplatin-induced hepatorenal injuries and dyslipidemia in Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael John Ogbe ◽  
Samuel Peter Agbese ◽  
Adakole Hyacinth Abu
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Lophira Lanceolata ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Background Hepatorenal injuries and dyslipidemia are common global health challenges but medicinal plant extracts may have potential to prevent them. Thus, this study evaluated the protective effect of aqueous extract of Lophira lanceolata leaf (LLE) against cisplatin-induced hepatorenal injuries and dyslipidemia in albino Wistar rats. Methods Thirty rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 5 rats each. Group I rats received distilled water and served as control, group II rats were given 5 mg/kg cisplatin (CIS) intraperitoneally, groups III and IV rats were treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg LLE respectively for 26 days by oral gavages while groups V and VI rats were treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg LLE respectively, followed by CIS on the 21st day as in group II. About 24 h after treatment, blood was collected from the rats; then serum was separated and used for estimations of biochemical parameters. The kidney and liver of rats were removed, rinsed in normal saline, stored in 10% formalin and used for histological analyses. Results The biomarkers of hepatic (Aminotransferases, Alkaline phosphatase and Bilirubin) and renal (urea and creatinine) injuries, and dyslipidemia (Total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol) significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the rats exclusively exposed to cisplatin when compared with normal control. However, treatment of cisplatin-exposed rats with 200 and 400 mg/kg LLE significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the levels of these biomarkers of hepatorenal injuries and dyslipidemia when compared with cisplatin control. Photomicrographs showed pathological signs in the liver and kidney of rats exclusively exposed to cisplatin, but there was moderate protection of these tissues in the rats treated with LLE and cisplatin. Conclusion The current findings have shown that Lophira lanceolata leaf extract may provide moderate protection against cisplatin-induced hepatorenal injuries and dyslipidemia in albino Wistar rats.

scholarly journals STUDY OF CHRONIC EFFECTS OF VARYING DOSAGE OF X-RAYS ON HEPATOTOXICITY IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Debajit C ◽  
Reshma K ◽  
Sudha K ◽  
Chiranth Chiranth ◽  
Rahul Rahul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Chronic Effects ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Structural Architecture ◽  
Histopathological Studies

 Objective: This study focuses on the chronic effects of various doses of radiation in the liver of albino Wistar rats subjected to irradiation using X-rays.Materials and Methods: In the present study, albino Wistar rats were exposed to various doses of X-rays (4 Gy, 6 Gy, and 6.6 Gy) and the animals were observed for 30 days, following which they were sacrificed and liver tissue, being one of the targets of radiation-induced damage was analyzed for the oxidative stress markers, namely, reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and lipid peroxidation indicator, and malondialdehyde (MDA). Histopathological studies of the liver were also performed.Results: Indicated that there was a significant increase in GSH and SOD levels in the animals exposed to radiation compared to controls (p<0.05). A decrease in these values was observed at 6.6 Gy compared to 6 Gy which was non-significant. However, there was a significant and consistent decrease in catalase and a similar increase in MDA with increased doses of X rays (p<0.05). Damage in hepatic structural architecture and disruption of central vein correlated positively with increased doses of X rays.Conclusion: Our study strongly supports the hypothesis of the involvement of free radicals in radiation-induced damage to living systems.

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