scholarly journals Evaluation of Vitamin Contents, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Different Leaf Extracts of Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion)

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
I. E. Daniel ◽  
K. N. Mathew ◽  
P. L. John
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

Methanol and ethyl acetate leaf extracts of Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) were evaluated for phytochemical compounds, vitamins, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Phytochemical compounds and vitamins were determined using standard procedures while antioxidant activity was determined using 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) Assay.  Antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic bacteria and fungi were screened using disc diffusion method. The results indicated that the bioactive compounds (total phenol, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and alkaloids) determined quantitatively were present in appreciable concentration in both extracts. The result also showed that both extracts contain a variety of vitamins (A, B complex, C and E), with vitamins C and A having the highest concentration while the B-vitamins (B1, B2 and B3) and vitamin E were present in moderate concentrations. Both extracts showed significant scavenging and reducing ability comparable to the reference antioxidant, ascorbic acid in a dose dependent manner, with methanol exhibiting the highest scavenging and reducing capacity. The antimicrobial activity of both extracts showed appreciable broad spectrum activity against the pathogenic bacteria and fungi strains tested at various concentrations. Methanol extract was found to be most effective compared to ethyl acetate extract. These results indicated that the leaf extracts of dandelion possess antioxidant and antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria possibly due to the presence of bioactive compounds and other nutrients.

In-vitro bactericidal activity of a novel plant source Plumeria pudica against some human and fish pathogenic bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhaisi Das ◽  
Sunanda Burman ◽  
Goutam Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Aldehyde Groups

Background: The only remedy for up surging problem of antibiotic resistance is the discovery of antibacterial agents of natural origin. Objective: The present study was aimed at finding antibacterial potential of crude and solvent extracts of mature leaves of Plumeria pudica. Methods: Antibacterial activity of three different solvent extracts were evaluated in four human and four fish pathogenic bacteria by measuring the zone of inhibition and determining Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration values. Standard antibiotics were used as positive control. Preliminary phytochemical screening of most effective extract i.e., ethyl acetate extract, Fourier Transform Infra Red analysis and GC-MS analysis of the Thin Layer Chromatographic (TLC) fraction of ethyl acetate extract were done meticulously. All experiments were done thrice and analyzed statistically. Results: Crude leaf extracts and solvent extracts caused good inhibition of bacterial growth in all selected bacteria. Ethyl acetate extract showed highest inhibition zones in all tested strains with maximum inhibition (19.50±0.29 mm) in Escherichia coli (MTCC 739). MBC/MIC of the extracts indicated that all three solvent extracts were bactericidal. Preliminary phytochemical tests revealed the presence of tannins, steroids and alkaloids and FT-IR analysis revealed presence of many functional groups namely alcoholic, amide, amine salt and aldehyde groups. From the GC-MS analysis of TLC fraction of ethyl acetate extract five different bioactive compounds e.g., 2,4-ditert –butylphenyl 5-hydroxypentanoate, Oxalic acid; allyl nonyl ester, 7,9-Ditert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione, Dibutyl phthalate and 2,3,5,8-tetramethyl-decane were identified. Conclusion: Leaf extracts of P. pudica contain bioactive compounds that can be used as broad spectrum bactericidal agent.

scholarly journals Study and evaluation of antimicrobial activity and antioxidant capacity of dry extract and fractions of leaves of Raphanus sativus var. oleiferus Metzg.

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Flávia da Silva ◽  
Marisa de Oliveira Lopes ◽  
Cláudio Daniel Cerdeira ◽  
Ingridy Simone Ribeiro ◽  
Isael Aparecido Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

The radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a vegetable of the Brassicaceae family cultivated worldwide and has several medicinal properties. Its biological activities are related to various secondary metabolites present in the species, especially phenolics. Thus, the objectives of this study were the chemical analysis and evaluation of the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the dry extract and fractions of the fodder turnip leaves (R. sativus var. oleiferus Metzg.). Samples were analyzed by mass spectrometry and the antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical method and the reducing power method. Antimicrobial activity was determined by the agar diffusion and microdilution methods. The total phenols were concentrated in the butanol fraction (121.27 mg GAE/g) and the flavonoids were concentrated in the ethyl acetate fraction (98.02 mg EQ/g). The ethyl acetate fraction showed the best antioxidants results, with 83.45% of free radical scavenging and 11.34% of ferric ions reduction. The analysis of antimicrobial activity showed that the dry extract had the highest average zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis (18.67 mm). Smaller values of the minimum inhibitory concentration for Micrococcus luteus were, and the ethyl acetate fraction showed a lower minimum inhibitory concentration (0.1 mg/ml) for that microorganism. There was a strong correlation between the antioxidant activity and the content of phenols and flavonoids. The results showed the potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of this extract with the ethyl acetate fraction being most promising for further studies.

In Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Methanol Leaf Extract and Fractions of Afzelia bellaHarms (Fabaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Josephine Ofeimun ◽  
James Afolabi ◽  
Ejiro Dowe ◽  
Osayemwenre Erhauyi ◽  
Enitome Bafor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

Afzelia bella Harms (Fabaceae), a plant widely distributed in Africa, is used in traditional medicine for varied disease conditions including the treatment of topical skin infections. The present study investigated the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the methanol extract and various solvent fractions of the leaves of the plant. The methanol leaf extract was partitioned to yield petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and residual aqueous fractions. Total phenol and flavonoid contents, radical scavenging activity and ferric reduction antioxidant power (FRAP) were determined by spectrophotometry, while antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract and fractions were determined using agar-well diffusion and agar dilution methods, respectively against clinical bacterial isolates of Bacillus subtilis, Escherishia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Candida parapsilosis, Microsporium audiounii. Bacillus subtilis was the most susceptible among the bacterial strains tested, while Microsporium audiounii was the most susceptible fungus. The alcoholic extract and all solvent fractions demonstrated a concentration dependent antimicrobial activity with inhibition zone diameter range of 7.5 to 35.0 mm. MIC ranged from 0.1 - 8 mg/ml and activity was highest in ethyl acetate fraction with MIC of 0.1 mg/ml. FRAP ranged from 0.161 - 0.319 mmol Fe2+/g extract and was highest in the ethyl acetate fraction. These results give an indication that A. bella leaf has high antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and support the folkloric claim of the therapeutic potential of the plant. Keywords: antioxidant, antimicrobial, ethnomedicine, Afzelia bella, Fabaceae 

scholarly journals Studies on comparative antimicrobial activities of Aerva lanata and Momordica charantia leaf extracts

2020 ◽  
pp. 561-564
Author(s):  
Nagula Shilpika ◽  
Byagari Teena Keerthana ◽  
Banka Srinivas ◽  
Gampa Tulja Rani ◽  
Ganga Maithili
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Aerva Lanata

Screening and comparison of antimicrobial action of leaf extract of Aerva lanata and Momordica charantia. Ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of leaves of plants were screened for antimicrobial activity using the cup plate method and the spread plate method against gram positive and gram negative reference organisms (Bacillus substilis and Escherichia coli).The standard antibacterial agent used for reference is Choramphenicol and the results were calculated as zone of inhibition. Methanolic extract showed comparatively broader and better antimicrobial spectrum than ethyl acetate extract in selected plants. Plant extracts showed dose dependent action, results were similar to the action of the standard Choramphenicol. Extracts of Aerva lanata and Momordica charantia demonstrated antimicrobial activity on tested microorganisms. Methanolic extracts showed higher antimicrobial potential than ethyl acetate extract. Aerva lanata extracts showed better response than Momordica charantia extracts in the cup plate method antibacterial activity with Bacillus substilis and Escherichia coli.

Antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts of Eupatorium triplinerve Vehl. against some human pathogenic bacteria and phytopathogenic fungi

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Junaid
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts of Eupatorium triplinerve Vehl. leaves were investigated for their antimicrobial activities against 11 human pathogenic bacteria and six phytopathogenic fungi. The crude extracts showed good activity against the organisms tested herein. The chloroform extract exhibited the largest zone of inhibition (22 mm in diam with 1000 μg/disc extract) against Vibrio and the highest inhibition of fungal radial mycelial growth (73.5% with 100 μg extract/ml medium) against Colletotrichum corchori. The chloroform extract exhibited the lowest MIC against Vibrio (250 μg/ml) and C. corchori (62.5 μg/ml). It appeared that E. triplinerve could be a potential natural source of new antimicrobial agent.    Key words: Antimicrobial activity, Leaf extract, Eupatorium triplinerve doi:10.3329/bjb.v37i1.1570 Bangladesh J. Bot. 37(1): 89-92, 2008 (June)

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of commercial aromatizing fragrances

2021 ◽  
pp. FSO704
Author(s):  
Hagar Bach ◽  
Horacio Bach
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Aim: To explore the bioactivities of commercial fragrances. Materials & methods: The antimicrobial activity of 25 commercial fragrances was assessed with pathogenic bacteria and fungi in vapor phase. Inflammatory response was evaluated by the measurement of cytokines. Results: Several fragrances were able to kill the microorganisms. Moreover, preparations of binary mixtures of the most active fragrances showed a synergistic effect. Regarding the inflammatory response, none of the tested fragrances showed a pro-inflammatory response, but two fragrances upregulated the secretion of IL-10 from macrophages. Conclusion: The antimicrobial activities of fragrances represent a new approach to control airborne pathogens.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Marrubium vulgare L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Mssillou ◽  
Abdelkrim Agour ◽  
Noureddine Hamamouch ◽  
Badiaa Lyoussi ◽  
Elhoussine Derwich
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Marrubium Vulgare ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

In this study, the polyphenol content and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of hydroethanolic (MVE) and hydroacetonic (MVA) leaf extracts of Marrubium vulgare L. were examined. The results indicated that the total phenolic content was higher in MVA (112.09 ± 4.77 mg GAE/DW) compared to MVE extract (98.77 ± 1.68 mg GAE/DW). The total flavonoid content was also higher in MVA extract (21.08 ± 0.38 mg QE/g DW) compared to MVE (17.65 ± 0.73 mg QE/g DW). Analysis of the chemical composition revealed the presence of 13 compounds with a total of 96.14%, with the major compound being malic acid (22.57%). Both extracts possess a good total antioxidant activity. DPPH and FRAP assays indicated that the MVE extract possesses a better antioxidant activity, with IC50 = 52.04 µg/mL ± 0.2 and EC50 of 4.51 ± 0.5 mg/mL, compared to MVA extract (IC50 = 60.57 ± 0.6 µg/mL and EC50 of 6.43 ± 0.0411 mg/mL). Moreover, both extracts exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against certain nosocomial strains as indicted by the MIC values, which ranged between 0.93 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL. Taken together, these results reveal the importance of M. vulgare as a natural antioxidant with important antimicrobial activity.

Antimicrobial Activity of Coleus forskohlii Fractions, Isolation and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamel H. Shaker ◽  
M. Abo Yonus ◽  
Mohamed A. Ibrahim ◽  
Mona Kilany ◽  
Frank Wiggers
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Coleus Forskohlii ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Asir Region

Background: It is known that medicinal plants represent promising candidates against many species of pathogenic bacteria. The south area of Saudi Arabia "Asir region" has a unique habitat and its medicinal plant's composition is still nearly unexplored. Therefore, the aim of the present work is to investigate the antimicrobial activities of Coleus forskohlii fractions and to identify the major active compounds. Methods: The total plant extract was partitioned by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Agar well diffusion was assessed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of the plant fractions against Gram-positive, Gram-negative and Candida albicans. Successive column chromatography was performed to isolate the major metabolites. Structures of the isolated compounds were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Results: All plant fractions showed significant antimicrobial potential activities against the tested pathogens, where ethyl acetate exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity followed by petroleum ether then n-butanol. From n-butanol fraction, thymoquinol-2-O-β-glucopyranoside (1) was isolated while syringic acid (2), methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (3), and luteolin (4) were assigned from the ethyl acetate fraction. Conclusion: The antimicrobial assays revealed that ethyl acetate was the most potent fraction and the major abundant metabolites of C. forskohlii, thymoquinol-2-O-β-glucopyranoside (1), syringic acid (2), methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (3), and luteolin (4) were isolated herein for the first time.

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT FROM UNIDENTIFIED SPONGE ASSOCIATED BACTERIA IN LEMUKUTAN ISLAND, KALIMANTAN BARAT

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Risa Nofiani ◽  
Siti Nurbetty ◽  
Ajuk Sapar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Sponge Associated Bacteria

<p>The increase of issues on the antibiotics resistant pathogenic bacteria has triggered high exploration for new antimicrobial compounds. One of the potential sources is sponge-associated bacteria. The aim of this study was to get sponge-associated bacteria extract containing antimicrobial activities. On the basis screening of antimicrobial activity using by streaking on agar medium, there were two potential isolates with antimicrobial activities namely LCS1 and LCS2. The two isolates were cultivated,then secondary metabolite product were extracted using methanol as a solvent. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of extract LCS 1 were 1,000 μg/well for S. aureus, 950 μg/well for Salmonella sp.and 800 μg/well for Bacillus subtilis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of extract LCS 2 were 500 μg/well for S. aureus, 1,050 μg/well for Salmonella sp., 750 μg/well for Bacillus subtilis, 350 μg/well for P. aeruginosa, 750 μg/sumur terhadap B. subtilis. Based on the MIC values, the two assay extracts have a relatively low antimicrobial activity.</p> <p>Keywords:Antimicrobial,Sponges associated bacteria,MICs</p>

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