Studies on comparative antimicrobial activities of Aerva lanata and Momordica charantia leaf extracts

Screening and comparison of antimicrobial action of leaf extract of Aerva lanata and Momordica charantia. Ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of leaves of plants were screened for antimicrobial activity using the cup plate method and the spread plate method against gram positive and gram negative reference organisms (Bacillus substilis and Escherichia coli).The standard antibacterial agent used for reference is Choramphenicol and the results were calculated as zone of inhibition. Methanolic extract showed comparatively broader and better antimicrobial spectrum than ethyl acetate extract in selected plants. Plant extracts showed dose dependent action, results were similar to the action of the standard Choramphenicol. Extracts of Aerva lanata and Momordica charantia demonstrated antimicrobial activity on tested microorganisms. Methanolic extracts showed higher antimicrobial potential than ethyl acetate extract. Aerva lanata extracts showed better response than Momordica charantia extracts in the cup plate method antibacterial activity with Bacillus substilis and Escherichia coli.

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A preliminary study on the antimicrobial activities and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the ethyl acetate extract of Dennettia tripetala G. Baker seeds

Bio-Research ◽

10.4314/br.v18i1.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 1094-1102

Author(s):

UF Babaiwa ◽

SO Eraga ◽

EO Ojugo ◽

O Erharuyi ◽

JO Akerele

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Fatty Acid Esters ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Dennettia Tripetala

The study investigated the antimicrobial properties and the chemical composition of ethyl acetate extract of Dennettia tripetala (pepper fruit) seeds. Crude extract obtained by maceration of pulverized seeds in ethyl acetate was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger using standard agar-well diffusion method. GC-MS method was used to determine the chemical constituents of the extract. The extract was oily, yellowish-brown with a yield of 1.66 % and had activity against most of the test microorganisms, with inhibition zone diameters ranging between 10 to 25 mm. About 41 chemical constituents were present in the extract with formic acid methyl esters and fatty acids accounting for 57.23 and 18.49 % respectively. Ethyl acetate extract of Dennettia tripetala seeds possessed antimicrobial activity against bacteria but not fungi. The observed activity may be due to the presence of formic and fatty acid esters in the seed. The study further established a scientific proof for the traditional use of Dennettia tripetala seed extracts in treating microbial infections.

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Antimicrobial potentials, phytochemical screening and determination of bioactive compounds from Three Indian folk medicinal plants

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407216999200719233247 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

V. Vanitha ◽

S. Vijayakumar ◽

S. Rajalakshmi

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Ft Ir

Aim: To investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of various solvents leaf extracts of Aegle marmelos, Plumbago zeylanica and Rhinacanthus nasutus against human pathogenic organisms such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Salmonella enteriditis, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Aspergillus fumigatous by agar well diffusion method. Background: Also, this is the first time report on MIC and MBC/MFC activities and identify the phytochemicals and functional groups using HPLC, GC-MS and FT-IR analysis. Objective: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal (MBC/MFC) values were also carried out by the micro dilution method. Methods: Ethyl acetate extract of P. zeylanica showed better antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens, especially for S. pneumoniae (40 mm) followed by ethyl acetate extract of R. nasutus (36 mm) against S. pneumoniae. While least inhibition was observed for aqueous extract of P.zeylanica against S. enteritis (10 mm). Results: The MIC ranged from 3.75 µg/ml to 60µg/ml and MBC/MFC 7.5 µg/ml to 60 µg/ml. Phytochemical analysis exhibited the presence of alkaloids, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, phenolics and cardiac glycoside in all samples of selected plant extracts. Tannins, phenolics and glycoside were found only in the ethyl acetate extract of P.zeylanica. HPLC and GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate leaf extract of P. zeylanica exposed ten major peaks and eleven compounds respectively. Chemical nature of the leaf extract was analysed by FT-IR spectrum. Conclusion: Ethyl acetate leaf extract of P. zeylanica showed better antimicrobial activity than other extracts as well as standard drugs. Therefore, this plant could be studied in detail for the identification of active biomolecules for antimicrobial agents.

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Antimicrobial Activity of Allium chinense G. Don.

Current Biochemistry ◽

10.29244/cb.2.3.129-138 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 129-138

Author(s):

Frans Grovy Naibaho ◽

Maria Bintang ◽

Fachriyan Hasmi Pasaribu

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Microbial Growth ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Biologically Active ◽

E Coli ◽

Allium Chinense

This study aims to analyze antimicrobial activity of Allium chinense G. Don extract against Eschericia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans, and to examine the active compounds. Allium chinense G. Don was extracted using maseration method and treated with ethanol 70% (v/v), ethanol 96% (v/v), ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and aquadest. Antimicrobial activity assay was conducted using agar difusion method and compounds analysis using Gas chromatography-massspectrometry (GC-MS). Antimicrobial activities assay showed that all extracts could inhibit microbial growth. Ethyl acetate extract has the highest antimicrobial activity against all the microbial test. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethyl acetate extract against C. albicans, B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus, S. typhi was 25, 100, 250, 250, 1000 mg ml-1 respectively. As many as 25 compounds were derived from GC-MS analysis and most of them were known as the antimicrobial compounds. This study revealed that Allium chinense G. Don contains biologically active compunds as antimicrobial agent particularly anti Candida.

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Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities of the Leaf Extracts of Luffa cylindrica

Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.17532/jhsci.2018.423 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 101-109

Author(s):

Felix A. Onyegbule ◽

Chukwudozie I. Okoye ◽

Chidimma R. Chukwunwejim ◽

Blessing O. Umeokoli ◽

Peter M. Eze

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Luffa Cylindrica ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Introduction: Luffa cylindrica have been used traditionally in the treatment and management of several disease conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of leaf extracts of the plant, and identifying some of its phytoconstituents. Methods: The crude ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts were evaluated for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and paw-fluid displacement methods, respectively. The extracts were tested for antimicrobial activity using the agar well diffusion and agar dilution methods. The ethyl acetate leaf extract of the plant was further subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis for the identification of the bioactive compounds. Results: The ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of L. cylindrica showed average antioxidant properties at 100 µg/mL, with inhibitions of 53.31% and 54.73% respectively. The ethanol extract displayed significant anti-inflammatory activity at 50 mg/Kg with an inhibition of 31.1% compared to 39.7% recorded for the control (diclofenac). The ethyl acetate extract produced an inhibition of 15%. In the antimicrobial evaluation, the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed moderate antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. Typhi and B. subtilis. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited considerable antimicrobial activity against the test isolates compared to the ethanol extract. HPLC-DAD analysis of the ethyl acetate extract suggested the presence of two flavonoid compounds - luteolin and apigenin as key components of the leaf extract of L. cylindrica. These compounds are known to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the leaf extracts of L. cylindrica possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

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Antimicrobial Activities of Fungus Comb Extracts Isolated From Indo-Malayan Termite Macrotermes Gilvus Mound

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1159665/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lucia Dhiantika Witasari ◽

Khairunnasa Wizdjanul Wahyu ◽

Bonifasia Junita Anugrahani ◽

Dina Clarissa Kurniawan ◽

Aris Haryanto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Food Packaging ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Fungus Comb

Abstract The embodiment of antimicrobial components into the food packaging material has the ability to prevent microbial contamination. Fungus comb could be an alternative source of natural antimicrobial agents. In this study, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts from fungus comb isolated from Indo-malayan termite Macrotermes gilvus Hagen mound were analysed for its antibacterial and antifungal activities against food spoilage microorganisms, including Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus niger. The antimicrobial activity of the fungus comb extracts was evaluated using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion and microdilution method. The result showed that ethyl acetate extract exhibited the biggest diameter inhibition zone for all bacteria and fungi tested. Ethyl acetate extract showed antibacterial activity in all bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 0.39 mg/mL and 0.78 mg/mL, respectively. This extract also inhibited A. flavus and A. niger with MIC value of 0.78 mg/ml. Ethyl acetate extract contained guaiacol and syringol, which were predicted as the main antimicrobial components in fungus comb. Whereas n-hexane extract only inhibited Gram-positive bacteria. S. aureus ATCC 25923 was the most sensitive bacteria tested using all extracts. In addition, A. flavus was more sensitive compared to A. niger. Overall, fungus comb extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against E.coli ATCC 25922, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, S. aureus ATCC 25923, A. flavus, and A. niger. This study revealed that the fungus comb extract, especially ethyl acetate, could be considered as a new antimicrobial agent.

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Antimicrobial activity from endophytic fungi Arthrinium state of Apiospora montagnei Sacc. and Papulaspora immersa

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132010000300017 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 629-632 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Henrique Pereira Ramos ◽

Glaucia Hollander Braun ◽

Mônica Tallarico Pupo ◽

Suraia Said

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Smallanthus Sonchifolius ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

First Time ◽

Kocuria Rhizophila

Papulaspora immersa and Arthrinium state of Apiospora montagnei Sacc. were isolated from the roots of Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacón). The crude extracts from their cultures inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Kocuria rhizophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The more relevant results were observed in the ethyl acetate extract from P immersa against P aeruginosa (90 µg/mL) and ethyl acetate extract from Arthrinium state of A montagnei Sacc. against P aeruginosa (160 µg/mL). The two endophytic fungi isolated from yacón roots as well as their antimicrobial activity detected in the crude extracts cultures were being reported for the first time.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL ANALYSES OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF CERATHOTECA SESAMOIDES AND CHROMOLAENA ODORATA

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i8.2020.435 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 65-74

Author(s):

Abubakar M. A. ◽

A. C. Etonihu ◽

Kigbu P. E. ◽

J. E. Owuna ◽

S. I. Audu

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

World Population ◽

Chromolaena Odorata ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extracts

It was reported in 2005 during WHO survey that about 70-80% of the world population use medicinal plants either in their crude unmodified form or partially in their modified semi-synthetic form of plant sources in their primary healthcare. The present study investigated the phytochemicals and antimicrobial activities of the leaf extracts of Cerathoteca sesamoides and Chromolaena odorata to ascertain their potentials in herbal medicine. Fresh leaf of the plants obtained from Lafia in Nasarawa State, Nigeria were dried, powdered, and subjected to methanolic extraction, partition, phytochemical, and antimicrobial analyses using standard methods. Partitions from n-hexane, methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and residue extracts were tested against clinical bacteria Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and fungus Candida albicans. Among the four different solvents used in partitioning methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of both plants contain flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, steroids, and cardiac glycosides. Saponins were absent in the n-hexane and chloroform extracts of C. odorata and the ethyl acetate extract of C. sesamoides. While flavonoids were present in the n-hexane extracts of C. odorata, they were absent in C. sesamoides. Anthraquinone and reducing sugar were absent in all the solvent extracts of both medicinal plants. The antimicrobial susceptibility tests showed that n-hexane and residue extracts of both plants had no activity against the tested microorganisms. The chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of C. sesamoides and C. odorata (at 12.5 mg/ml) were active against all the tested clinical bacteria K. spp., E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and C. albicans. The methanolic extracts of both plants were active against the bacterial isolates but inactive against C. albicans. The minimum bactericidal concentration of these plant extracts was ≥50 mg, while the minimum inhibition concentrations ranged between 12.5 mg and ≥50 mg. The findings showed that the chloroform or ethyl acetate extracts of the leaves of these plant drugs could be used to treat urinary tract infections.

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Antimicrobial activity of n-hexane and Ethyl acetate extracts of Erythrina stricta Roxb

Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.3329/bjm.v27i2.9176 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 65-66

Author(s):

Mohammad Musarraf Hussain ◽

M Mizanur Rahman Mughal ◽

Md Masud Alam ◽

Mohammad Golam Dastagir ◽

AHM Masum Billah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Key Words ◽

Microbial Growth ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Microbiological Investigation ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extracts

The crude n-hexane and ethyl acetate extract of the stem bark of E. stricta were subjected to microbiological investigation and were found to be significantly inhibitory to microbial growth, with the average zone of inhibition 12–17 and 10–16 mm, respectively. In the cytotoxic observation, the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts were found to show LC50 of 2.1 and 0.316 mg/ml respectively. Key words: Erythrina stricta; Fabaceae; Antimicrobial activities; Cytotoxicity observation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v27i2.9176 BJM 2010; 27(2): 65-66

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Evaluation of Vitamin Contents, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Different Leaf Extracts of Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion)

Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jocamr/2021/v13i230220 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 13-26

Author(s):

I. E. Daniel ◽

K. N. Mathew ◽

P. L. John

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Taraxacum Officinale ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Phytochemical Compounds ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

Methanol and ethyl acetate leaf extracts of Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) were evaluated for phytochemical compounds, vitamins, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Phytochemical compounds and vitamins were determined using standard procedures while antioxidant activity was determined using 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) Assay. Antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic bacteria and fungi were screened using disc diffusion method. The results indicated that the bioactive compounds (total phenol, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and alkaloids) determined quantitatively were present in appreciable concentration in both extracts. The result also showed that both extracts contain a variety of vitamins (A, B complex, C and E), with vitamins C and A having the highest concentration while the B-vitamins (B1, B2 and B3) and vitamin E were present in moderate concentrations. Both extracts showed significant scavenging and reducing ability comparable to the reference antioxidant, ascorbic acid in a dose dependent manner, with methanol exhibiting the highest scavenging and reducing capacity. The antimicrobial activity of both extracts showed appreciable broad spectrum activity against the pathogenic bacteria and fungi strains tested at various concentrations. Methanol extract was found to be most effective compared to ethyl acetate extract. These results indicated that the leaf extracts of dandelion possess antioxidant and antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria possibly due to the presence of bioactive compounds and other nutrients.

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