Impact of a Head Covering on Photo-Therapy Induced Hypo-calcaemia in Full-term Neonates with Hyper-bilirubinemia

Background: Hyper-bilirubinemia causes yellowish discoloration of the sclera and skin in newborns and is one of the most common disorders that neonatologists face daily. In the first week of life, 60 percent of term and 80 percent of preterm babies have jaundice. In neonates with unconjugated hyper-bilirubinemia, phototherapy is the most common treatment. Objective: To compare the occurrence of hypocalcemia in full-term icteric neonates with and without head covering during phototherapy. Materials and Methodology: Two hundred and eight full-term neonates were split into two groups for photo-therapy for hyper-bilirubinemia. The heads of the participants in the study group were covered with a hat. Before beginning photo-therapy, serum bilirubin and serum calcium levels were assessed, as well as after 48 hours of photo-therapy. SPSS software was used to tabulate and analyze the data. Results: Ninety-four (45%) of the 208 neonates in the sample were males, while 114 (55%) were females. The average age was 5.56 +2.78 days, and the average weight was 3.04 +0.58 kilograms. Out of 208 neonates, 44 (21%) had hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia occurred in 28 neonates in the control group and 16 neonates in the study group. There was no symptomatic hypocalcemia in any of the newborns. The p-value for the Chi square test was 0.2. Since this value is greater than 0.05, it is not statistically important. Conclusion: In comparison to neonates whose heads were not covered, fewer neonates with covered heads experienced hypocalcemia in our research. However, these findings were not statistically important. However, Research in other countries found that neonatal head cover at phototherapy had a substantial impact. As a result, we propose that a major multicenter study be performed in our country to determine the exact significance.

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Maternal and fetal outcome in oligohydramnios after 34 weeks of gestation

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20184515 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 4604

Author(s):

Mahantappa A. Chiniwar ◽

Joe Kaushik M. ◽

Sharada B. Menasinkai

Keyword(s):

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Fetal Outcome ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Research Centre ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Study Group ◽

Perinatal Morbidity ◽

Amniotic Fluid Index ◽

Chi Square

Background: Oligohydramnios is one of the major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. It is a clinical condition characterized by Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) ≤5 cm by sonographic assessment. The aim of present study is to know the maternal and fetal outcome in oligohydramnios after 34 weeks of gestation compared with women who had normal volume of amniotic fluid.Methods: Study was done for the period of 21 months from November 2014-July 2016 at Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Hospital and Research Centre Bellur. 50 antenatal cases with > 34 weeks of gestation with AFI ≤5 cm by ultrasonographic estimation were included as study group and 50 women with normal AFI were included as control group. Maternal and fetal outcome of the women with oligohydramnios were analyzed and compared with control group.Results: Results were analyzed statistically using parameters like mean, SD, Chi Sq test, P value. Amniotic fluid was clear in 32% in study and 78% in control group, thin meconium stained in 30% in study group and 14%in control group and was thick meconium stained in 38% in study group and 8% in control group (Chi square =22.31, p<0.0001). Induction of labour was done in 54% in study group and 20% in control group. Cesarean delivery was done in 58% in study group women and 28% in control group women. Regarding the birth weight of babies 62% were < 2.5 kg in study group and 18% in control group with p<0.001. 10% of babies in study group required NICU admission and perinatal mortality was 2%.Conclusions: Due to increased perinatal morbidity and mortality and increased rate of LSCS, timely decision during labour is important to reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality.

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Toxic and essential metals in placenta and its relation with lipid peroxides/glutathione status in pre-term and full-term deliveries

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v7i1.12808 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 34-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Laxmi Singh ◽

Priyanka Agarwal ◽

Madhu Anand ◽

Ajay Taneja

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Placental Tissue ◽

Lipid Peroxides ◽

Redox Status ◽

Full Term ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Positive Correlations

Aims and Objectives: Pre-term birth is worldwide problem, little is known about oxidative stress in placental tissue due to metals exposure of women during pregnancy. To seek correlation between concentration of metals and redox status in placental tissue of women with pre-term delivery and compared with those of women with the full-term delivery.Materials and Methods: A hospital based case–control study was conducted, total 80 pregnant women were selected for this study i.e., 30 females who delivered pre-term babies (gestational age <37 week) serve as study group and 50 females who delivered full term babies (gestational age > 37 week) serve as control group. Concentrations of metals lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and (Cu), malondialdehyde (MDA) end product of lipid peroxidation and glutathione (GSH) were measured in placenta of study group and control group. Data were analyzed using Students t- test, chi square and linear regression.Results: In preterm cases level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and metals (Cd and Pb) were significantly higher, while level of GSH and some metals (Fe, Zn and Cu) were significantly lower in pre-term cases when compared to full-term cases. There were significant positive correlations of placental metals (Pb and Cd) with MDA (p<0.05), suggests that metals might have influenced pre-term deliveries.Conclusions: The results showed that elevated level of placental Cd and Pb induced oxidative stress which might implicate in pre-term deliveries and higher concentration of Zn and Cu may be concerned with the defence against oxidative stress in placental tissue of full-term cases.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 34-39

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Investigation of the Incidence of Coital Incontinence in Incontinent Women

Gynecology Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.21613/gorm.2019.948 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Omer Demir ◽

Cihan Comba

Keyword(s):

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Urine Analysis ◽

Stress Test ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Study Group ◽

Sexually Active ◽

Chi Square ◽

Coital Incontinence ◽

Chi Square Test

Objective: Coital incontinence is the involuntary leakage of urine during sexual intercourse and is rarely reported in women with urinary incontinence. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of coital incontinence and its association with incontinence types.Study Design: All sexually active women with urinary incontinence (diagnosed as self-reported) attending the out-patient gynecology clinic of a regional state hospital were interviewed consecutively between September 2017 and September 2018 about their experience with regards to coital incontinence. The clinical evaluation consisted of medical history, physical examination, and urine analysis. The SPSS 20 program designed for Windows was used for statistical analysis. Results: Twenty-two of the 64 women who participated in the study were diagnosed with coital incontinence and the remaining 42 women were to be compared. 42 women were included in the control group, and 22 women were defined as the study group. The women with coital incontinence had significantly higher stress test positivity than the control group (p = 0.00). No significant differences in the frequency of coital incontinence between incontinence types were found. The chi-square test was applied, and the p-value was >0.05 (p=0.110). So there was no statistically significant relationship between the type of incontinence and the frequency of coital incontinence.Conclusion: Coital incontinence is much more prevalent than expected and therefore patients with symptomatic urinary incontinence should be investigated for the presence of coital incontinence, as this may affect patient approach and treatment.

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Anesthetic potential of lidocaine/prilocaine cream versus placebo before venepuncture

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20184854 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 2401

Author(s):

Varsha P. Gajbhiye ◽

Y. R. Lamture

Keyword(s):

Adult Patient ◽

Normal Saline ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Blood Sampling ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Study Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Lidocaine Prilocaine

Background: Pain associated with venepuncture has long been accepted as an unavoidable consequence. Many studies show reducing pain during venepuncture after application of prilocaine/lignocaine, but there are few studies that has depicted, the depth of anesthesia produced by prilocaine/lignocaine tends to be too superficial for the reducing the pain during venepuncture. These two scenarios were debatable. Therefore, authors planned a study to assess anesthetic potential of lidocaine /prilocaine cream versus placebo before venepuncture with help of VAS in an adult patient who were drawn blood sample for investigation purposes.Methods: Prospective interventional study. All adult patient for blood sampling from surgery OPD to central laboratory were included in study. Site of venepuncture selected in both control and study group was left cubital fossa. 30 patients selected in study group received lignocaine/prilocaine locally, 30min prior to venepuncture which was later covered with occlusive tape, whereas 30 control group patient received normal saline locally as placebo. The extent of pain was assessed by patient on 10cm visual analogue scale (VAS) with end points of 0 cm rated as no pain and the points of 10cm as intolerable pain.Results: A total of 60 patient were randomly selected who were referred from surgery OPD for blood sampling. Other 30 patient were applied normal saline as placebo and 30 patient with lignocaine and prilocaine cream. In the control group there were 30 patients (5 female and 25 male). In the study group there were 30 patients (8 females and 22 males). The level of pain among study group is as follows: mild 22, moderate 7, worst 1 and in control group: no pain 0, mild 5, moderate 14 and worst pain 1. Statistical analysis between outcome of two groups done by calculating chi-square test. Chi- square test was 20.0263. P value is 0.000168. Hence the result is significant at p <0.05.Conclusions: The present study shows that prilocaine-lidocaine cream reduces the pain of needle puncture in adults and facilitates the procedure of venous blood sampling.

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COL5A1 RS12722 Is Associated with Temporomandibular Joint Anterior Disc Displacement without Reduction in Polish Caucasians

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10092423 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 2423

Author(s):

Bartosz Dalewski ◽

Katarzyna Białkowska ◽

Łukasz Pałka ◽

Anna Jakubowska ◽

Paweł Kiczmer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temporomandibular Joint ◽

Tennis Elbow ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Study Group ◽

Disc Displacement ◽

Chi Square ◽

Acl Injuries ◽

Chi Square Test

Numerous reports describe the association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12722 and rs13946 in the COL5A1 gene and injuries, such as Achilles tendon pathology, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, and tennis elbow. Hence, there were no studies investigating COL5A1 and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pathology. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between COL5A1 rs12722 and rs13946 SNPs and TMJ articular disc displacement without reduction (ADDwoR). In this case-control study, the study group consisted of 124 Caucasian patients of both sexes. Each patient had a history of ADDwoR no more than 3 months prior. The control group comprised 126 patients with no signs of TMD according to DC/TMD. Genotyping of the selected SNPs was performed by real-time PCR using TaqMan probes. The significance of the differences in the distribution of genotypes was analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test. Logistic regression modeling was performed to analyze the influence of the 164 investigated SNPs on ADDwoR. The COL5A1 marker rs12722 turned out to be statistically significant (p-value = 0.0119), implying that there is a difference in the frequencies of TMJ ADDwoR. The distribution of rs12722 SNPs in the study group TT(66), CC(27), CT(31) vs. control group TT(45), CC(26), CT(51) indicates that patients with CT had an almost 2.4 times higher likelihood of ADDwoR (OR = 2.41) than those with reference TT (OR = 1), while rs13946 genotypes were shown to be insignificant, with a p-value of 0.1713. The COL5A1 rs12722 polymorphism is a risk factor for ADDwoR in the Polish Caucasian population.

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Hepatoprotective Role of Propolis Extract to Prevent Hepatotoxic Effects of ATT in patients with Tuberculosis

10.53350/pjmhs211592867 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 2867-2869

Author(s):

Asma Arshad ◽

Saira Munawar ◽

Rabia Sajjad Toor ◽

Saba Saleem ◽

Kanwal Sharif ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Standard Dose ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

P Value ◽

Average Weight ◽

Propolis Extract ◽

Measured Weight ◽

Group B ◽

Group D

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of propolis in hepatocytes injury caused by ATT due to isoniazid and rifampicin. Methods: Healthy albino rats of with average weight of 200-250g were under this study. These rats dividing into main four groups, A group is taken a control group and then further into the group B, group C, and group D as group for experiments. The control group had 15 rats with measured weight, they were given distilled water. Group B had 15 rats, they were given with standard dose of rifampicin and isoniazid. Group c had 15 rats, they were also given with standard dose of rifampicin and isoniazid. Group D had 15 rats, they were given with standard dose of rifampicin and isoniazid and also extract of the propolis we prepared. Results: Serum ALT in the experimental group B with group C, group D were also found to be of statistically significant with p-value < 0.001. ALT serum level observed high in group B. Multiple comparison between groups revealed that group B with a significantly increase in the serum enzyme AST level in comparison to group A, group C and group D with p-value <0.001. Conclusion: This study showed that ethanolic extract of propolis prevents isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity in the albino rats. Key words; Propolis, Anti-tuberculosis treatment, Hepato-toxicity.

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HUBUNGAN MEROKOK DENGAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH MAHASISWA FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM AL-AZHAR TAHUN 2019

JURNAL KEDOKTERAN ◽

10.36679/kedokteran.v4i2.107 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Deny Sutrisna Wiatma ◽

Muhlisin Amin

Keyword(s):

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Equivalent Control

Latar Belakang :Rokok sangatlah berbahaya bagi kesehatan, salah satu kandungannya yakni nikotin telah diketahui dapat menjadi faktor resiko kejadian diabetes, nikotin dapat merusak sel β pankreas dan menghambat insulin. Tujuan :untuk mengetahui hubungan merokok dengan kadar glukosa darah mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Al-Azhar Mataram tahun 2019. Metode Penelitian : Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 52 orang mahasiswa perokok aktif Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Al-Azhar periode 2015-2019, sampel diambil dengan teknik total sampling yakni jumlah sampel sama dengan jumlah populasi, dan menggunakan metode pre-eksperimental design dengan rancangan non equivalent control group, hasil pada penelitian ini selanjutnya di analisis dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil : Hasil yang didapatkan dari uji Chi-Squarediperoleh nilai signifikan dengan rerata kadar glukosa darah pretest dan posttest kelompok eksperimen adalah 107,73 mg/dL dan 112,65 mg/dL sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol adalah 123,27 mg/dL dan 112,40 mg/dL serta didapatkan p value 0,001 (P <0,05). Kesimpulan :Terdapat Hubungan yang Signifikan antara merokok dengan kadar glukosa darah.

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Factors Related to the Incidence of Typhoid Fever in the Work Area Health Office of Jayawijaya Regency

JOURNAL FOR QUALITY IN PUBLIC HEALTH ◽

10.30994/jqph.v5i1.248 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 49-56

Author(s):

Rahmad Suryawan Ura ◽

Yuly Peristiowati

Keyword(s):

Typhoid Fever ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Case Group ◽

District Health Office ◽

District Health ◽

Chi Square ◽

Work Area ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Test Result

Typhoid fever is a disease that is prone to occur in Indonesia, because of the characteristics of the climate that is very prone to diseases related to the seasons. The purpose of this study is to analyze factors related to the incidence of typhoid fever in the Working Area of the Jayawijaya District Health Office. The research design used is quantitative analytics method using quantitative data. The type of approach used is case control. The population is 74 patients with typhoid fever. The large sample taken as many as 37 respondents, with a large comparison of samples between the number of respondents in the case group is 37 respondents, and 37 respondents as a control group, so the total number of samples is 74 respondents. Sampling techniques used in this study is a simple random sampling technique. Based on the results of the study, it is known that there is no relationship between age and the incidence of typhoid fever in the Working Area of the Jayawijaya District Health Office. Chi-square test result obtained p-Value Sig (0.445) > α (0.05). While it is known that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge, the level of education, hygiene of individual respondents with the incidence of typhoid fever in the Work Area of the Health Office of Jayawijaya Regency. Chi-square test results obtained p- value (0.000) < α (0.05) and environmental sanitation with the incidence of Typhoid Fever in the Work Area of the Jayawijaya District Health Office. Chi-square test result obtained p-value (0.001) < α (0.05). Based on the results of the study is expected to increase kinship with patients as well as by providing health services visits to the patient's home.

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Pengaruh Pijat Bayi terhadap Peningkatan Berat Badan

Jurnal Bidan Cerdas (JBC) ◽

10.33860/jbc.v1i3.257 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 144-150

Author(s):

Yuyuk Eva Fitriyanti ◽

Gusman Arsyard ◽

Sumiaty Sumiaty

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Health Workers ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Child Growth ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Infant Massage ◽

Chi Square ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Quasi Experimental

Indicator of child growth is weight. At the age of 1-3 months is a period of rapid growth, so it is necessary to maintain a baby's weight according to age. Touch therapy or massage is one of technique that combines the physical benefits of human touch with emotional benefits such as bounding and increasing weight. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of infant massage on weight gain in infants aged 1-3 months in the work area of the Sangurara Health Center in Palu. This type of research was a Quasi-experimental design with pretest and Posttest control group design. The sample in this study was 30 months old infants as many as 30 infants with sampling technique consecutive sampling. Data analysis used test Chi-square with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). The results show that babies who were massaged had more weight gain, which was 24.07%, while babies who were not massaged had a weight gain of 18.28%. This is evidenced by the value of p value: 0.03 (p.value≤0.05). In conclusion, there was the effect of Baby Massage on Increased Body Weight. Suggestions for researchers for health workers to socialize and suggest baby massage to reduce the case of BGM weight (Under the Red Line) in infants.

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The Effect of Red Seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) Biscuits on Hemoglobin Levels and Body Weight among the First Trimester Pregnant Women

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.7426 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (A) ◽

pp. 1019-1023

Author(s):

Salma Salma ◽

Veni Hadju ◽

Jamaluddin Jompa ◽

Stang Stang ◽

Sundari Sundari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽

Community Health Center ◽

Intervention Group ◽

First Trimester ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Red Seaweed ◽

Chi Square

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of anemic pregnant women is still reasonably high, especially in low-middleincome countries. AIM: This study was aimed to assess the effect of giving red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) biscuits on changes in hemoglobin (Hb) levels and body weight of pregnant women in the first trimester. METHODS: The study used a quasi-experiment pretest-posttest study design. The study was conducted from April to June 2021 involving pregnant women in the first trimester who living in the working area of the Wapunto Community Health Center, Muna Regency, Indonesia. A total of 45 pregnant women were selected purposively and assigned to three different groups. The first group was given two pieces of red seaweed biscuits per day. The second group was given two pieces of red seaweed biscuits plus Fe tablets (60 mg/day), and the last group was given Fe tablet only (60 mg/day). Chi-square, paired sample t-test, Wilcoxon, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were performed using SPSS. RESULTS: The intervention group of red seaweed biscuits plus Fe tablets had the highest increase in Hb levels after 8 weeks of intervention, followed by the red seaweed biscuit group and the control group (0.97, 0.78, and 0.60 g/dL, respectively, p-value < 0.05). The red seaweed biscuit intervention group had the highest changes for body weight compared to the red seaweed biscuit plus Fe tablet group and the control group (1.07, 0.43, and 0.04 kg, respectively). CONCLUSION: The provision of red seaweed biscuits could increase maternal Hb level and weight during the first trimester of their pregnancy.

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