A Study on the Clinicopathological Profile of the Cases of Colorectal Carcinoma

Aim: To assess the clinicopathological details of patients with colorectal cancer in a tertiary care centre in India and compare it other studies reported in the literature. Study Design: This is a retrospective study conducted on all the patients who were admitted in the period of 2017 to 2020. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College, Thandalam, Chennai. The data was processed and the manuscript was prepared between June 2020 and January 2021. Methodology: Patient details were collected from the histopathology records and the parameters studied were age, gender, tumour site, histological type, differentiation and tumour stage of the colorectal carcinoma. The sampling was done using the complete enumerate sampling method. The patients diagnosed histopathologically as colorectal carcinoma were included in our study. Results: A total of 51 patients had been admitted in the years 2017, 2018, and 2019 in our institute. There was a female predominance among the patients. The mean age of the patients was lesser than the mean age of colorectal cancer cases in other studies which have been reported in the country. The most common tumour site was rectum in both the sexes and the most common histologic type was adenocarcinoma. The most common histological differentiation was moderate differentiation. Conclusion: The increased incidence in younger patients as compared to previous studies may be attributable to the lifestyle and dietary changes.

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Position of parotid papilla and commissure of lip in relation to maxillary occlusal plane among patients visiting a tertiary care centre of Nepal

Journal of Nepalese Prosthodontic Society ◽

10.3126/jnprossoc.v4i1.42303 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

P Mehta ◽

S Chhetri

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Occlusal Plane ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Exact Position ◽

The Mean ◽

Edentulous Patients

Introduction: The exact position of the Parotid papilla and commissure of the lip plays a crucial role in determining the maxillary occlusal plane which directly facilitates rehabilitating edentulous patients with a removable complete denture. Since the beginning, many authors have conducted different studies regarding its position but multiple variations in its location have been noted. Also, this type of study has not been conducted in the Nepalese population which drags the urge to determine the position of these soft-tissue landmarks in context to the Nepalese population. Objective: To determine the position of parotid papilla and commissure of lip in relation to the maxillary occlusal plane. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the 45 dentate subjects visiting Nobel medical college from November 2019 to April 2020. A vestibular impression was made, stone index fabricated and vernier caliper was used to locate position of parotid papilla & commissure of lip. All the data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean measurement of distances between maxillary occlusal plane and parotid papilla was 3.69 ± 1.19 mm and between maxillary occlusal plane and commissure of lip was 0.41 ± 0.83 mm respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that the position of the parotid papilla was superior to the position of the maxillary occlusal plane with a mean distance of 3.69mm. The commissure of lip was found to be at the level of maxillary occlusion plane in highest number of cases followed by a superior position with least at the inferior position with respect to the maxillary occlusal plane.

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Detection of Human Papilloma Virus in Colorectal Cancer by Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique in A Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/cmoshmcj.v18i1.42138 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 44-48

Author(s):

Narayan Chandra Das ◽

Mohammad Ismail Hossain ◽

Saida Nasreen ◽

Mehnaz Nasreen ◽

Pradip Bhattacharjee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Colorectal Carcinoma ◽

Human Papilloma Virus ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Mucinous Carcinoma ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Chi Square ◽

Papilloma Virus ◽

Medical College

Background: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is associated with the development of several cancers, including oral, esophageal, skin, lung, and uterine cervix. Association of HPV and colorectal cancers remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between HPV infection and colorectal cancer in Chattogram of Bangladesh. Materials and methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Chattogram Medical College, Bangladesh over a period of one year from July, 2013 to June, 2014. A total of 60 cases were included in the study during the time period. Histopathological type and grading was done. HPV type 16 and 18 DNA was examined from all samples by means of Real Time PCR using type specific primer named E7 protein. Finally association between HPV types 16/18 with colorectal carcinoma was assessed by Chi-square (c2) test. Results: The mean age of 60 patients was 45.35 years (Range 17-75 years). Rectum was the common site of tumour 26 (43.3%). HPV type 16 and 18 was detected in 25 (41.7%) cases, out of whom 24 (96%) were associated with HPV16, and only one case was both HPV type 16 and 18. As regarding histological type, out of 25 cases 21 (84%) cases of adenocarcinoma, 3 (12%) case of signet ring carcinoma and only 1 (1.6%) case of mucinous carcinoma were positive for HPV. Conclusion: HPV specially subtype 16, may play a role in the oncogenesis of Colorectal Carcinoma. Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.18 (1); Jan 2019; Page 44-48

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A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF THE PATTERN OF USE OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS IN SURGICAL PROPHYLAXIS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i1.15803 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 283

Author(s):

C. S. Brethis ◽

S. Thamizharasan ◽

S. A. Sridevi ◽

B. Kalaiselvi ◽

M. Balaji Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Agent ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Surgical Prophylaxis ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Medical College ◽

The Mean ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Induction Of Anaesthesia

Objective: To evaluate the most common class of antimicrobial agents used in surgical prophylaxis. To evaluate the timing, dosage, route and duration of use of antimicrobial agents in surgical prophylaxis.Methods: The study subjects were 214 patients who underwent general surgical procedures at Vinayaka Missions Kirupananda Variyar Medical College from July 2013 to June 2014. The use of antimicrobial agents was noted from the first dose of antibiotic given before the induction of anaesthesia. After surgery was completed the duration of antibiotic in the post-operative ward was noted. Results: Majority of the patients were males of age group 50-60 y and the most common surgical procedure was hernioplasty. Combination therapy with two antimicrobial agents was more preferred regimen 126 (58.9%). Among the antimicrobial agent's cefotaxime 114 (24.8%) was the most commonly prescribed drug and it was followed by metronidazole 121 (21.9%). ceftriaxone 60 (13.1%) was the third most commonly prescribed antimicrobial agent. The mean duration of prescription of antimicrobial agents in the present study was 4.78 d and the mean cost of drug treatment was 787.54 rupees. The cost-effective regimen was that of aminoglycosides and imidazole.Conclusion: The choice of antimicrobial agent was based on the local prevalence pattern of microorganisms. The intravenous administration of antibiotic prophylaxis immediately before or after the induction of anaesthesia is the most reliable method for ensuring effective serum concentration at the time of surgery. The antimicrobial agent chosen must cover all the most likely contaminating organisms.

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A STUDY OF URINARY TRACT ABNORMALITIES IN HOSPITALISED CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN MIDNAPORE MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL

10.36106/ijsr/4125517 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 71-73

Author(s):

Nabanita Das ◽

Mitali Bera ◽

Shabarna Roy ◽

Dhruba Kumar Mahata

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Medical College ◽

Number Of Children ◽

The Mean ◽

Tract Infections

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is the most common bacterial infection in childhood and upto 30% of infants and children experience recurrent infections during the rst 6 to 12 months after initial UTI. Urinary tract infections (UTI) imply invasion of urinary tract by pathogens, which may involve the upper or lower urinary tract depending on the infection in the kidney or bladder and urethra. Aims And Objectives: Children presenting with UTI by Ultrasonography, MCU and / or DMSA depending on the child's age. structural abnormalities and the presence of VUR if any in children with UTI by USG, MCU and DMSAscan in indicated cases. Materials And Methods: The study was conducted in the Pediatrics ward of Midnapore Medical College and Hospital. This is a tertiary care centre. Pediatric patients from different districts of West Bengal are referred to our Institute. All pediatric patients from 3 months to 12 years of age patients with a diagnosis of, either rst episode or recurrent UTI admitted at Midnapore Medical College and Hospital. Our study was an Observational, Prospective study. All the pediatric patients fullling the inclusion criteria, admitted to the hospital during the study period was enrolled for the study. Result And Analysis: We found in abnormal DMSA, the mean age (mean±s.d.) of children was 21.9375 ± 29.1398 years. In normal DMSA, the mean age (mean±s.d.) of children was 24.7321 ± 18.3179. In not required DMSA, the mean age (mean±s.d.) of children was 97.1667 ± 21.9855. Distribution of mean age in years vs. DMSAwas statistically signicant (p<0.0001). In abnormal DMSA, Conclusion: Even a normal USG report does not rule out dysfunctional bladder as we have had 3 children aged 19 months, 6 months and 26 months who had normal USG ndings but clear evidence of VUR on MCU of grades 2 ,4 and 1 respectively. In conclusion, abnormal US may carry a higher probability of grades III-VVUR and RS, and can affect the management in a signicant number of children hospitalized with UTI.

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Peripartum hysterectomy: a five year review at a tertiary care centre

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20173490 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 3590

Author(s):

Deepak A. V. ◽

K. J. Jacob ◽

Sumi P. Maria

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Case Series ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

College Hospital ◽

Peripartum Hysterectomy ◽

Medical College ◽

Obstetric Haemorrhage ◽

Suboptimal Care

Background: Peripartum hysterectomy is a life-saving procedure resorted to when conservative measures fail to control obstetric haemorrhage. Several predisposing factors, suboptimal care and lack of infrastructure may lead to this emergency procedure. We wanted to find out factors associated with peripartum hysterectomy and the adverse maternal outcomes at our centre.Methods: A retrospective case series analysis of 40 cases of peripartum hysterectomy performed over a period of 5 years from January 2010 to December 2014 at Government Medical College Hospital, Thrissur, Kerala was done.Results: The incidence of peripartum hysterectomy was 0.29%. The most common indication for peripartum hysterectomy was hysterectomy was uterine atony (50%). Thirty-five women (88%) were between 20 and 35 years. Most of the subjects were unbooked. There were two maternal deaths (case fatality rate of 5%) following peripartum hysterectomy during this period. All the subjects required blood transfusion.Conclusions: Prompt performance hysterectomy before the patient’s clinical condition deteriorates is the key to success. The incidence of adherent placenta is increasing, so every effort should be taken to reduce the caesarean section rates globally.

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HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF WHO CLASSIFIED MULTIBACILLARY LEPROSY CASES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE, SOUTH KERALA

10.36106/ijsr/9403958 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 32-34

Author(s):

Anita Sanker ◽

G Nandakumar ◽

Swapna Balkrishnan

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Epithelioid Cells ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Medical College ◽

Leprosy Patients ◽

Epidermal Atrophy ◽

Multibacillary Leprosy

There are signicant differences in the histopathology of leprosy lesions which is inuenced by the host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae. Objective - To nd the histopathological changes in newly diagnosed multibacillary leprosy(MB) cases registered in the skin department Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. Method- skin biopsy performed in 40 multibacillary leprosy cases and histopathological ndings were evaluated. 70% showed epidermal atrophy. Granulomas, composed of sheets of foamy macro Results- phages, lymphocytes and epithelioid cells, were seen in 21 cases & twenty two cases were AFB positive. Eight cases each were lepromatous, borderline tuberculoid, mid boderline, borderline lepromatous types. Conclusion- Presence of 60% cases of borderline leprosy indicates the unstable immune response in leprosy patients. Majority were either borderline lepromatous or lepromatous showing the infective nature of multibacillary leprosy. Histopathological examination with Fite- Foroco staining is a crucial method and the gold standard for accurate diagnosis and typing of leprosy.

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A STUDY OF THE CLINICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH HYPOSPADIAS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE AT KANPUR, INDIA

10.36106/ijar/2102597 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 65-66

Author(s):

R. K. Maurya ◽

Shraddha Verma ◽

R. K. Tripathi ◽

Amit Yadav

Keyword(s):

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Undescended Testis ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Centre ◽

Common Site ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Medical College ◽

Treatment History ◽

Congenital Hernia ◽

Distal Hypospadias

Background: Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly in which the anterior urethra is incompletely developed and does not extend to the tip of the glans penis. The present study was aimed to study the clinical prole of hypospadias. Settings and Design:This was a prospective, observational study. Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Department of General Surgery, LLR & Associated Hospitals, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, India, from January 2019 to October 2020, on 72 patients of hypospadias, after taking clearance from the Institutional Ethical Committee, and taking proper informed consent for participation. Data collected for each patient included age, sex, demography, symptoms with duration, and relevant past and treatment history. Results: The most common age of presentation was between 1-5years of age (48.61%, n=35). Distal hypospadias (DH) was the most common site. (47.22%, n=34). 4.16% (n=3) patients presented with urethrocutaneous stula. Chordee was more commonly seen in patients with mid & proximal penile hypospadias (64.70%, n=33). In the present study, 4.1% (n=3) had associated undescended testis, 4.1% (n=3) had an associated bid scrotum and 1.3% (n=1) had an associated congenital hernia. Conclusions: Most cases of hypospadias present before 10 years of age. Distal hypospadias is the most common type. Chordee is associated most commonly with proximal penile and mid penile hypospadias. It may also be associated with other congenital anomalies like, undescended testis, bid scrotum or congenital hernias

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Prevalence of Colorectal Carcinoma With Respect to Age and Gender

10.53350/pjmhs2115123198 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 3198-3199

Author(s):

Pervez Muhammad ◽

Sajjad Muhammad ◽

Muhammad Tariq ◽

Amir Khan ◽

Akhtar Munir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Carcinoma ◽

Colorectal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Medical Institute ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Medical College ◽

Gender Study ◽

The Mean ◽

And Gender

Aim: Prevalence of colorectal carcinoma with respect to age and gender Study design: Observational / cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at the Department of Pathology and Surgery, Post Graduate Medical Institute Lahore and Jinnah Medical College Peshawar from July, 2013 to February, 2015 Methodology: Surgical specimens of 60 histopathologically diagnosed cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma were included in this study. Age and sex were evaluated in CRC. Results: The mean±sd of age was 54.4±19.7 yrs. Out of 60 cases, 6 (10%) were between 16-29 yrs, 9 (15%) cases were between 30-49 yrs, 34 cases (56.7%) were of 50-69 yrs and 11 cases (18.33%) were of 70 yrs. Out of sixty cases, males were 33 (55%) and females were 27(45%). Conclusion: There are 34 out of 60(56.7%) patients were 50-69 years and 33 out of 60 (55%) cases were males i.e. males dominance. Keywords: Colorectal adenocarcinoma, immunohistochemistry, gender

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Thyroid status and Treatment Response of Hypothyroid Infertile Women in Tertiary Care Center of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology ◽

10.3329/bjog.v31i2.34216 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 86-89

Author(s):

Farzana Deeba ◽

Parveen Fatima ◽

Jesmine Banu ◽

Shakeela Ishrat ◽

Nurjahan Begum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Early Stage ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Target Population ◽

Fertility Treatment ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Infertile Women ◽

The Mean ◽

Tsh Levels

Objective(s): Aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of hypothyroidism in infertile women as well as to assess their response to treatment.Materials and methods: This descriptive study was conducted in Infertility unit of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Bangladesh, a tertiary care centre from January 2014 to December 2014. Four hundred women who visited infertility clinic of the department for fertility treatment were the target population for this study. Routine investigations such as CBC, Blood sugar 2 hours postparandial or GTT, TSH and Prolactin was done. Subclinical hypothyroidism was diagnosed when there was increased TSH and normal FT4. Hypothyroid patients were given Levothyroxin depending upon TSH levels and continued until end of the study. Patients were followed up for six months even if pregnancy was attained.Results: Out of 400 women 55% were primary and 45% were secondary subfertility. Mean duration of infertility was 4.5 ± 1.2 years. Ninety two (23%) patients were hypothyroid. Among them 66 (16.5%) were subclinical hypothyroid and 26 (6.5%) were frank hypothyroid. The mean TSH levels were 7.34 ± 2.13 ìIU/ml, and the mean PRL levels were 52.46 ± 11.17 ng/ml. Out of 92 infertile women diagnosed as hypothyroidism 75 (81.52%) women conceived after treatment with drugs for hypothyroidism (dose depending upon severity of hypothyroidism, i.e. TSH levels). More than 90% women had regular ovulation for consecutive three cycles after initiation of treatment.Conclusion: The normal TSH levels are the pre-requisite for fertilization. The decision to initiate thyroid replacement therapy in both clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism at early stage is justified in infertile women.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2016; Vol. 31(2) : 86-89

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Clinical and Etiological Profile of Mycotic Keratitis from a Tertiary Care Centre in South India

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2021/410 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (27) ◽

pp. 2001-2006

Author(s):

John Britto Augustin ◽

Sureshbaboo Variamkandi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Corneal Ulcer ◽

Fusarium Species ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Government Medical College ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Corneal Ulcers ◽

Prompt Treatment

BACKGROUND Corneal ulcer is the leading cause of ocular morbidity and monocular blindness worldwide. To effectively prevent blindness in patients with corneal ulcer, a proper understanding of the risk factors predisposing to ulceration, its clinical and microbiological characteristics are essential. Timely identification of aetiological agents causing corneal ulcers and their prompt treatment helps to save the vision. We wanted to detect aetiological agents of corneal ulcer with special references to fungal causes and characterize the fungal aetiological agents to species level. METHODS This is a cross sectional study, conducted in Government Medical college, Kozhikode, between January 2016 and June 2017. All patients who were clinically diagnosed as cases of infectious corneal ulcer in the Ophthalmology department, Government Medical College, Kozhikode were included in the study. Corneal scrapings collected from the infected eye were subjected to microbiological examination and culture. A total of 120 cases were analysed. Each patient was examined with the slit lamp bio microscope after staining with fluorescein. Scrapings from cornea at the site of corneal ulcer were collected by ophthalmologist after a detailed clinical history and examination of the affected eye. The laboratory procedures used in the diagnosis of infectious keratitis were based on direct visualization of organisms by subjecting corneal scrapings to Gram stain and KOH wet mount and inoculation of material on to blood agar and Sabouraud dextrose agar. RESULTS Among the 120 cases, a total of 49 cases were culture positive. Twenty-one [17.5 %] were bacterial, twenty-two [18.34 %] were fungal and six [5.0 %] were poly microbial [bacteria and fungus]. Among the fungal aetiology, fusarium species was most common [32.14 %], followed by aspergillus species - 25.0 %. Trauma was the major risk factor. Diabetes mellitus, exposure keratitis were the other comorbidities / risk factors. CONCLUSIONS This study shows majority of infected corneal ulcers are associated with risk factors and the aetiology are mainly fungi. Microscopy, culture, and clinical correlation helped in adequate management. Thus, prognosis and outcome of corneal ulcers rely on timely identification of their aetiology and prompt treatment. KEY WORDS Corneal ulcer, Fungal Keratitis

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