scholarly journals Awareness of the Practice and Use of Contact Lenses amongst Students of the Health Faculty at Jazan University during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 371-382
Author(s):  
Ismail Abuallut ◽  
Abdulaziz A. Hakami ◽  
Mohammed I. Alameer ◽  
Mohammed O. Shami ◽  
Nasser M. Hakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lens ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hygiene Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Information ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
And Training

Background: Contact lenses are medical devices which are used as an alternative to spectacles to correct problems with eyesight. Poor hygienic handling of these lenses poses an ocular health risk. Increased popularity and usage of contact lenses in combination with insufficient cleanliness results in increased bacterial infections of the eye, even resulting in blindness. Materials and Methods: We employed a quantitative cross-sectional study, where we used questionnaires to gather data. We conducted the study among students of the Health Faculty at Jazan University where we recruited 361 participants. Using the questionnaires, we assessed the use of contact lenses and the hygiene practice when handling them among the participants. To the best of our knowledge, only one study has been conducted in the Jazan region to assess contact lens awareness and practice, which can be consider as a gap of knowledge that make our study can be consider a vital observation about usage of contact lens in the Jazan region. Results: We found that 52.6% of the participants use contact lenses. Among those it is predominantly females who use contact lenses, and their motivation is primarily for cosmetic reasons. We further found that the majority of contact lens users exhibit good hygiene practices when handling contact lenses. However, there remains more than a quarter of participants for whom the hygiene practice is poor to moderately good. Conclusion: The majority of participants 172 (84.7%) had good practice level regarding wearing contact lenses. Considering the significant fraction of participants who showed inadequate hygiene practice, we recommend better information and training for those who use contact lenses. This information and training should be predominantly made available on the internet or through contact lens vendors, as these are the most common information channels among the participants.

scholarly journals Microbiological analysis of contact lens cases and effective health behaviors

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e17-e17
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Eslami ◽  
Hamid Reza Ghasemi Basir ◽  
Abbas Moradi ◽  
Mina Bayat
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Contact lenses are increasingly being used for cosmetic or therapeutic purposes, followed by subsequent contamination and complications such as keratitis. The lens case is one of the most common places to find the cause of contamination. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the health behaviors affecting the lens case contamination and its relationship with the result of lens case culture which can help in prevention of complications. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study that was performed in northwest of Iran, 150 asymptomatic participants were assessed for health behaviors affecting the lens case contamination and their lens cases were sampled for culture and antibiogram. Data were analyzed with SPSS-16 software. Results: The frequency of positive microbial culture in medical and cosmetic contact lens cases was 30.7% and 66.8%, respectively and 32.7% in general. Among the isolated bacteria observed in positive cultures, Alcaligenes,Enterobacter aerogenes, gram-positive Diphtheroid bacilli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the most common microorganisms, respectively. Conclusion: A significant proportion of contact lens cases, especially those used for cosmetic purposes had bacterial contamination. Failure to replace the lens case for more than 9 months and the mismatch of the lens solution brand with its storage case will increase bacterial contamination. Washing the lens case with soap and water, and drying it after washing, will reduce bacterial contamination.

scholarly journals Stratification of Individual Symptoms of Contact Lens–Associated Dry Eye Using the iPhone App DryEyeRhythm: Crowdsourced Cross-Sectional Study

10.2196/18996 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. e18996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takenori Inomata ◽  
Masahiro Nakamura ◽  
Masao Iwagami ◽  
Akie Midorikawa-Inomata ◽  
Jaemyoung Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Subjective Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background Discontinuation of contact lens use is mainly caused by contact lens–associated dry eye. It is crucial to delineate contact lens–associated dry eye's multifaceted nature to tailor treatment to each patient’s individual needs for future personalized medicine. Objective This paper aims to quantify and stratify individual subjective symptoms of contact lens–associated dry eye and clarify its risk factors for future personalized medicine using the smartphone app DryEyeRhythm (Juntendo University). Methods This cross-sectional study included iPhone (Apple Inc) users in Japan who downloaded DryEyeRhythm. DryEyeRhythm was used to collect medical big data related to contact lens–associated dry eye between November 2016 and January 2018. The main outcome measure was the incidence of contact lens–associated dry eye. Univariate and multivariate adjusted odds ratios of risk factors for contact lens–associated dry eye were determined by logistic regression analyses. The t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding algorithm was used to depict the stratification of subjective symptoms of contact lens–associated dry eye. Results The records of 4454 individuals (median age 27.9 years, SD 12.6), including 2972 female participants (66.73%), who completed all surveys were included in this study. Among the included participants, 1844 (41.40%) were using contact lenses, and among those who used contact lenses, 1447 (78.47%) had contact lens–associated dry eye. Multivariate adjusted odds ratios of risk factors for contact lens–associated dry eye were as follows: younger age, 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-0.99); female sex, 1.53 (95% CI 1.05-2.24); hay fever, 1.38 (95% CI 1.10-1.74); mental illness other than depression or schizophrenia, 2.51 (95% CI 1.13-5.57); past diagnosis of dry eye, 2.21 (95% CI 1.63-2.99); extended screen exposure time >8 hours, 1.61 (95% CI 1.13-2.28); and smoking, 2.07 (95% CI 1.49-2.88). The t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding analysis visualized and stratified 14 groups based on the subjective symptoms of contact lens–associated dry eye. Conclusions This study identified and stratified individuals with contact lens–associated dry eye and its risk factors. Data on subjective symptoms of contact lens–associated dry eye could be used for prospective prevention of contact lens–associated dry eye progression.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PRAKTIK PERSONAL HYGIENE PEDAGANG DENGAN KEBERADAAN BAKTERI ESCHERICHIA COLI DALAM JAJANAN KUE LAPIS DI PASAR KEMBANG KOTA SURABAYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Ardini Debilauralita Nuraya ◽  
Triska Susila Nindya
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practice ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Layer Cake ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
The Relationship

Pathogenic effect of Escherichia coli bacteria could be detrimental to health. The presence of the bacteria makes food unsafe to consumed. Personal hygiene practice of sellers can infl uence the presence of Escherichia coli on food. This cross-sectional study was aimed to analyze the relationship between personal hygiene practice of sellers with the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria on a traditional layer cake. The study involved 29 traditional layer cake sellers inPasar Kembang Surabaya. The data collection was done by using observation sheet and laboratory tests on samples of traditional layer cakes. Data was analyzed using chi-square statistical test. The results of this study showed the majority of sellers washed their hands before handling food (96.6%), fingernails were clean and short (86.2%) and didn’t smoke when handling food (82.8%). All sellers used clean clothes (100%), but talked when handling food (100%), did not wear an apron and tools when handling food (100%). Escherichia coli was found in 44.8% samples. This study showed there was no relationship between personal hygiene practices of sellers with the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria in traditional layer cakes (p > 0.05) in Pasar Kembang.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices related to prevention of parasitic infestations among school children in an urban area of Kancheepuram district

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1152
Author(s):  
S. Hariharan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
School Children ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Microsoft Office

Background: Poor hygiene practices and inadequate sanitary conditions play an important role in the increased burden of communicable diseases in developing countries. The aim and objectives of the present study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices related to prevention of parasitic infestations among school children in an urban area of Kancheepuram district. Formulation of suitable preventive measures based on the inferences derived from the study.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on school children belonging to standard sixth to eighth of Sree Lakshmi Ammal school, Chrompet. The study period was from August 1st to 4th 2018. The sample size obtained was 210. Convenient sampling method was used to collect the sample. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data regarding knowledge, attitude and practices related to prevention of parasitic infestations among school children. Assessment of personal hygiene was done by scoring system. Data entry was done in Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and data was analysed by SPSS version 22.Results: Total number of children participated in the present study were 210. Among the children participated in the present study, 92.4% of children had a good knowledge of personal hygiene, 96.7% of children had a positive attitude towards personal hygiene and 81.4% of children had a good practice of personal hygiene.Conclusions: Nearly half of the children involved in the study practised open defecation, so they should be given proper health education regarding usage of sanitary latrines. 

scholarly journals Comparison of contrast sensitivity in myopic patients using spectacle and contact lens correction

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 951-953
Author(s):  
Sadaf Qayyum ◽  
Zubair Wahab ◽  
Rabia Saeed ◽  
Anbar Zulfiqar ◽  
Ayisha Shakeel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spectacle Lens ◽  
Optical Correction ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Optical Defocus

Aim: To compare the contrast sensitivity in different categories of myopia using two different optical correction spectacles and contact lens correction. Methods: This cross-sectional study in design was conducted from August 2018 to May 2019 at the Ophthalmology Department of Madinah Teaching Hospital Faisalabad.45 subjects corrected with spectacles lenses and contact lenses all had corrected visual acuity of 6/9 or better were studied.The extent of myopia determined the three groups. All individuals were subjected to spectacles and Contact lens correction using slitlamp for anterior eye examination and for the fundus examination. The assessment of visual acuity was carried out by the Snellen vision Chart at 6m distance and contrastssensitivity was tested by Pelli- Robson chart. Results: Results showed a significant relationship between contrast sensitivity and type of optical correction. There were significant results of the independent t-test for spectacle and contact lenses 0.00 (p<0.005). However, the mean contrast sensitivity was better for all the three groupswith contact lens correction as compared to spectacle lens correction.Contact lenses provide better contrast sensitivity than spectacle lenses. Conclusion: Comparison between contact lens and spectacle correction was done and better quality contact lenses reduce optical defocus and give better results of contrast sensitivity. Results also concluded that loss of contrast sensitivity will be interpreted as early loss of retinal functions in severe myopes. Keywords: Myopia, Contrast sensitivity, Spectacle lens, Contact lens

scholarly journals Complementary Food Hygiene Practice among Mothers or Caregivers in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumi Bedada ◽  
Mekonnen Tegegne ◽  
Tomas Benti
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Hygiene Practice ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Good Food ◽  
Critical Times

Abstract Introduction: Diarrhea and other foodborne diseases are a major public health problem which predominantly affects infants and young children. Appropriate complementary food hygiene practice is very important to reduce the prevalence of foodborne illnesses among children. This study is aimed to assess complementary food hygiene practices among mothers of children aged 6–23 months. Methods A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Robe town. Sample of 517 mother-child pairs were selected using systematic sampling techniques. Data was collected using pre-tested and structured questionnaire. Each variable were described by using the frequency and percentage. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with complementary food hygiene practice score. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were used to assess level of significance. Results From a total of 508 mothers that were interviewed, 55% of them scored above the mean score of food hygiene practices. Mothers had higher odds to practice good food hygiene measures than those of aged 6–11 months. Mothers whose child attends growth monitoring session practice good food hygiene than their counterpart. Mothers having media exposure, and having knowledge on critical times of hand washing practice relatively good food hygiene measures. Among food hygiene measures; handwashing practice with water and soap were low before eating food, before feeding children and before preparing food when compared with after visiting toilet and touching dirt. Conclusions The study identified food hygiene practices in the current study area were mainly associated with child age, growth monitoring follow-up, maternal awareness about critical times of hand washing, and media exposure. Improving knowledge of mothers on critical times of handwashing, strengthening growth monitoring follow-up and media promotion are important measures to improve food hygiene practices among mothers of infants and young children.

scholarly journals Relationship between Female University Students’ Knowledge on Menstruation and Their Menstrual Hygiene Practices: A Study in Tamale, Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evans Paul Kwame Ameade ◽  
Helene Akpene Garti
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Hygiene Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Tract Infections

Positive perception about menstruation and good menstrual hygiene practice safeguards the health of postpubescent females by reducing their vulnerability to reproductive and urinary tract infections. Using a questionnaire, a cross-sectional study involving 293 randomly selected female undergraduate students in northern Ghana assessed the relationship between knowledge on menstruation and the practice of safe menstrual hygiene. Data collected was analyzed using GraphPad 5.01. This study found that although majority of respondents (73.4%) were aware of menstruation before menarche, most of them experienced fear and panic when it occurred. Mothers were the first to be informed when menstruation occurred, although teachers first provided them knowledge on menstruation. Respondents’ knowledge on menstruation was average (57.3%) but their menstrual hygiene practice was good (80.2%). Age (p=0.005) and course of study (p=0.0008) significantly influenced respondents’ knowledge on menstruation with older students as well as the medical and midwifery students being most knowledgeable. Muslim rather than Christian female students practiced better menstrual hygiene (p=0.0001). Average knowledge score on menstruation indicated a deficit of knowledge on the anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system. Increasing knowledge on menstruation had a positive and significant effect on practice of good menstrual hygiene.

scholarly journals Knowledge on menstruation and menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls of selected schools, Chitwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamata Sharma Neupane ◽  
Kalpana Sharma ◽  
Archana Pandey Bista ◽  
Subash Subedi ◽  
Sandesh Lamichhane
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hygiene Practice ◽  
Hormonal Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Menstrual hygiene is very important aspect for adolescent girls and proper men­strual hygiene has not been sufficiently addressed in developing countries including Nepal. This study aimed to assess the knowledge on menstruation and menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescent girls studying in selected schools of Chitwan district. A total 193 girls who had menstrual flow experience for at least three consecutive menstrual cycles were selected as sample using the consecutive sampling technique. Data were analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Most of the girls knew about menstruation as physiological process, normal age of men­struation, and causes of menstruation as hormonal change. Overall, 66.8% of girls had adequate level of knowledge on menstruation. Regarding practice, 94.8% cleaned their genitalia properly, 93.8% used the sanitary pads, and 97.4% wrapped and disposed the pads in dustbin after use. Over­all, 72.5% of girls had good level of menstrual hygiene practices. Adolescent girl’s age and grade, and occupation status of their father were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with menstrual hygiene practice. Further, significant positive relationship found between knowledge on menstruation and menstrual hygiene practice. Conclusions: One third of adolescent girls have inadequate knowledge on menstruation and one fourth have poor menstrual hygiene practice. Therefore, an awareness and advocacy programs on menstruation and menstrual hygiene practices are needed for the adolescent girls to safeguard themselves against reproductive tract infections.

scholarly journals Stratification of Individual Symptoms of Contact Lens–Associated Dry Eye Using the iPhone App DryEyeRhythm: Crowdsourced Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takenori Inomata ◽  
Masahiro Nakamura ◽  
Masao Iwagami ◽  
Akie Midorikawa-Inomata ◽  
Jaemyoung Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Subjective Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Discontinuation of contact lens use is mainly caused by contact lens–associated dry eye. It is crucial to delineate contact lens–associated dry eye's multifaceted nature to tailor treatment to each patient’s individual needs for future personalized medicine. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to quantify and stratify individual subjective symptoms of contact lens–associated dry eye and clarify its risk factors for future personalized medicine using the smartphone app DryEyeRhythm (Juntendo University). METHODS This cross-sectional study included iPhone (Apple Inc) users in Japan who downloaded DryEyeRhythm. DryEyeRhythm was used to collect medical big data related to contact lens–associated dry eye between November 2016 and January 2018. The main outcome measure was the incidence of contact lens–associated dry eye. Univariate and multivariate adjusted odds ratios of risk factors for contact lens–associated dry eye were determined by logistic regression analyses. The t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding algorithm was used to depict the stratification of subjective symptoms of contact lens–associated dry eye. RESULTS The records of 4454 individuals (median age 27.9 years, SD 12.6), including 2972 female participants (66.73%), who completed all surveys were included in this study. Among the included participants, 1844 (41.40%) were using contact lenses, and among those who used contact lenses, 1447 (78.47%) had contact lens–associated dry eye. Multivariate adjusted odds ratios of risk factors for contact lens–associated dry eye were as follows: younger age, 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-0.99); female sex, 1.53 (95% CI 1.05-2.24); hay fever, 1.38 (95% CI 1.10-1.74); mental illness other than depression or schizophrenia, 2.51 (95% CI 1.13-5.57); past diagnosis of dry eye, 2.21 (95% CI 1.63-2.99); extended screen exposure time &gt;8 hours, 1.61 (95% CI 1.13-2.28); and smoking, 2.07 (95% CI 1.49-2.88). The t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding analysis visualized and stratified 14 groups based on the subjective symptoms of contact lens–associated dry eye. CONCLUSIONS This study identified and stratified individuals with contact lens–associated dry eye and its risk factors. Data on subjective symptoms of contact lens–associated dry eye could be used for prospective prevention of contact lens–associated dry eye progression.

scholarly journals Complementary Food Hygiene Practice among Mothers or Caregivers in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumi Bedada ◽  
Mekonnen Tegegne ◽  
Tomas Benti
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Hygiene Practice ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Good Food ◽  
Critical Times

Abstract Introduction: Foodborne diseases are a major public health problem which predominantly affects infants and young children. Appropriate complementary food hygiene practice is very important to reduce the prevalence of foodborne illnesses. However, the information regarding this practice is not available and assessed before. Thus, the study was aimed to assess complementary food hygiene practices among mothers of children aged 6-23 months.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Robe town on a samples of 517 mother-child pairs, which were selected by using systematic sampling technique. Data was collected using pre-tested and structured questionnaire, and each variable was described in the frequency and percentage. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with complementary food hygiene practice. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were used to assess levels of significance. Result: The result indicated that 55% of participated mothers scored above the mean score of food hygiene practices. Mothers of children aged 12-23 months had higher odds to practice good food hygiene measures than those of aged 6-11 months [AOR, 1.82 95% CI (1.21, 2.73)]. Mothers whose children attended growth monitoring session practice good food hygiene than their counterpart [AOR, 2.74 95% CI (1.49, 5.06)]. Mothers having media exposure, and having knowledge on critical times of hand washing had relatively good food hygiene measures [AOR, 0.73 95 CI (1.14, 2.62)]. Among food hygiene measures; handwashing with water and soap were low before eating food (17%), before feeding children (21%) and before preparing food (32%) when compared with after visiting the toilet (81%) and touching dirt (68%). Conclusion and recommendation: The study identified that food hygiene practices in the current study were mainly associated with child age, growth monitoring follow-up, maternal awareness about critical times of hand washing, and media exposure. So, improving knowledge of mothers on critical times of handwashing, strengthening growth monitoring follow-up and media promotion are important measures to improve food hygiene practices among mothers of infants and young children.

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