Low power and area efficient design of fir filter using enhanced clock gating technique

The main aim of this approach is to improve the design model of filters for optimal circuit design. The objective of this proposed method is to improve the performance of VLSI circuit like area, power, and delay. In recent days, the filters are most applicable designs in DSP, medical diagnosis and arithmetic computations. In Digital Signal Processing and communication applications, the FIR filter plays an important role. The Finite Impulse Response is designed with number of adders, multipliers, subtraction units, transfer functions and delay elements. The VLSI circuits are applied in various applications, but the number adders and multipliers occupy the design space since it increases the area and delay factors. The main aim is to reduce the number of adders and multiplier by various computational algorithms. The existing research work uses carry save accumulator with ripple carry adder and binary multiplier. In proposed method, the enhanced Vedic multiplication logic and improved carry lookahead adder logic improves the result. In Vedic multiplication algorithm, the number of adder logic is minimized by adding speculative Brent-kung adder logic in it. The fastest adder in VLSI circuit is CLA (Carry look ahead adder logic), which is improved by utilizing the result of reduced power consumption and delay. In this proposed research work, the power optimization is done by using enhanced clock gating technique. Here, area, power, and delay factors are measured and it is compared with conventional FIR filter design. The proposed method improves the result in the way of area, power, and delay. The whole FIR filter structure is designed and power optimized by connecting with an enhanced clock gating technique. This proposed design and simulate by using Xilinx ISE 14.5 and it is synthesize by ModelSim.

Modeling of MoS2 Tunnel Field Effect Transistor in Verilog-A for VLSI Circuit Design

This paper presents the design of an inverter, half adder, and ring oscillator using compact models of MoS2 channel-based tunnel field effect transistor (TFET). The TFET models (both n and p-type) are written in high-level hardware language Verilog-Analog (Verilog-A) following the analytical model of [1] and the output characteristics of the components are simulated in Cadence/Spectre software. The performance of the designed inverter (a basic building block of VLSI circuit) is analyzed by extracting its different parameters, such as transfer characteristics, power dissipation and consumption, delay, power delay product. The simulated outputs (sum & carry) obtained from the half adder circuit exactly match the truth table of the circuit. Moreover, our observation reveals that the ring oscillator can operate at a higher frequency with lower power consumption in comparison to the existing CMOS and GFET technologies. We have also reported an improvement to the limiting factor of ring oscillator performance i.e. phase noise at two different offset frequencies. With all the output characteristics obtained from the commercial software simulation, we expect our model to be applicable to a real-time low-power VLSI circuit.

Wire length optimization of VLSI circuits using IWO algorithm and its hybrid

Purpose Advancement in optimization of VLSI circuits involves reduction in chip size from micrometer to nanometer level as well as fabrication of a billions of transistors in a single die where global routing problem remains significant with a trade-off of power dissipation and interconnect delay. This paper aims to solve the increased complexity in VLSI chip by minimization of the wire length in VLSI circuits using a new approach based on nature-inspired meta-heuristic, invasive weed optimization (IWO). Further, this paper aims to achieve maximum circuit optimization using IWO hybridized with particle swarm optimization (PSO). Design/methodology/approach This paper projects the complexities of global routing process of VLSI circuit design in mapping it with a well-known NP-complete problem, the minimum rectilinear Steiner tree (MRST) problem. IWO meta-heuristic algorithm is proposed to meet the MRST problem more efficiently and thereby reducing the overall wire-length of interconnected nodes. Further, the proposed approach is hybridized with PSO, and a comparative analysis is performed with geosteiner 5.0.1 and existing PSO technique over minimization, consistency and convergence against available benchmark. Findings This paper provides high performance–enhanced IWO algorithm, which keeps in generating low MRST value, thereby successful wire length reduction of VLSI circuits is significantly achieved as evident from the experimental results as compared to PSO algorithm and also generates value nearer to geosteiner 5.0.1 benchmark. Even with big VLSI instances, hybrid IWO with PSO establishes its robustness over achieving improved optimization of overall wire length of VLSI circuits. Practical implications This paper includes implications in the areas of optimization of VLSI circuit design specifically in the arena of VLSI routing and the recent developments in routing optimization using meta-heuristic algorithms. Originality/value This paper fulfills an identified need to study optimization of VLSI circuits where minimization of overall interconnected wire length in global routing plays a significant role. Use of nature-based meta-heuristics in solving the global routing problem is projected to be an alternative approach other than conventional method.

Modeling of MoS2 Tunnel Field Effect Transistor in Verilog-A for VLSI Circuit Design

This paper presents a newly designed physics-based analytical current transport model of both n- and p-type MoS2 tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) using a high-level hardware language Verilog-Analog (Verilog-A) within Cadence/Spectre. The performance of our model is analysed by extracting different parameters, including transfer characteristics, power dissipation, and consumption, delay, power delay product (PDP) from the designed inverter. Moreover, we design a ring oscillator, and a half adder circuit to assess the compatibility of our model in both the analog and digital circuits. Our observation reveals that the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) can operate at a frequency of 31.6 GHz with a power consumption of 0.083 mW, and generates a phase noise of -122.5 dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset frequency. The simulated outputs (sum & carry) obtained from the half adder circuit exactly match the truth table of the circuit. Last, we present a comparison, using the performance parameters, of the ring oscillator with existing CMOS and GFET technologies. The results show that our designed VCO oscillates at a higher frequency with low power consumption and improved phase noise performance. With all the output characteristics obtained from the commercial software simulation, we expect our model to be applicable to a real-time low power VLSI circuit.

Low Leakage Approximate multiplier design for high Performance Error Tolerant Applications

Power dissipation has become a major concern in VLSI circuit design with the rapid launch of battery powered applications. In high-performance constructions, the leakage component of power consumption is comparable to the switching component. This percentage increases as the technology scales unless effective leak control techniques are in place. In the case of fault-tolerant applications it is also not necessary to adhere to the exact calculation method. Therefore, an approximate multiplier of 8 x 8 is developed in this article using several proposed techniques to reduce leakage power such as MTCMOS, DUAL-Vt, and LECTOR. All of the above techniques are simulated with a tanning tool using 90 nm technology.