On the Road to Individualization of Vaccination: the Significance of Age and Sex

Relevance. The high variability of protection against vaccine-controlled infections, including COVID-19, is one of the actual problem of infectology. Aim. Based on the results of scientific publications and reports, the role of age and sex factors, their interactions and the main mechanisms in the immune response to vaccines, in the improvement of vaccines and vaccination regimens, has been analyzed. Conclusion. It has been shown that vaccine prophylaxis has always developed in the direction of individualization, going through the stages of defining target groups and developing immunization schemes for various groups. The important data obtained in recent decades on the importance of genetic and external factors, in particular, age and sex, in the variability of response to vaccines are analyzed. Analysis of the role of such factors has also been performed for coronavirus vaccines. The necessity and possibilities of next steps that can provide optimal responses of different people to vaccination were discussed.

Reversible regression in early childhood

Summary. The article (didactic material) addresses the following aspects of the study of reversible regression in early childhood: question history, systematics, regression symptoms, including in childhood autism. The authors analyze the available data, express the opinion that the possibilities of reversible regression therapy in children have not been studied, there are no accurate data on the pathogenesis of these disorders, indicate the need to assess the dynamics of the condition, taking into account the age and sex factors of the child.The authors conclude that reversible regression is a pathological condition developing against a background of relatively favorable child development, in which there is a prolonged decay of previously acquired skills followed by partial or complete recovery. Unlike dementia, which is an irreversible process, regression has the stage of restoring lost functions. In studying the issue, clinical-dynamic analysis of variants of reversible regression of early childhood, an understanding of gender and age differences in the symptoms of the disorder, and prognosis criteria.

Estrogen Hormone Is an Essential Sex Factor Inhibiting Inflammation and Immune Response in COVID-19

Although vaccines have been evaluated and approved for SARS-CoV-2 infection prevention, there remains a lack of effective treatments to reduce the mortality of COVID-19 patients already infected with SARS-CoV-2. The global data of COVID-19 showed that men have a higher mortality rate than women. We further observed that the proportion of mortality of female increases starting from around the age of 55 significantly. Thus, sex is an essential factor associated with COVID-19 mortality, and sex related genetic factors could be interesting mechanisms and targets for COVID-19 treatment. However, the associated sex factors and signaling pathways remain unclear. Here, we propose to uncover the potential sex associated factors using systematic and integrative network analysis. The unique results indicated that estrogen hormones (ER), e.g., estrone and estriol, 1) interacting with ESR1/2 receptors, 2) can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 caused inflammation and immune response signaling in host cells; and 3) estrogen hormone is associated with the distinct fatality rates between male and female COVID-19 patients. Specifically, a high level of estradiol protecting young female COVID-19 patients, and estrogen loss to an extremely low level in females after about 55 years of age causing the increased fatality rate of women. In conclusion, estrogen hormone, interacting with ESR1/2 receptors, is an essential sex factor that protects COVID-19 patients by inhibiting inflammation and immune response caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Medications perturb the down-stream of ESR1/ESR2 to inhibit the inflammation and immune response can be effective or synergistic combined with other existing drugs for COVID-19 treatment.

Evaluation of the color aesthetics of fine wood based on perceptual cognition

In order to study the aesthetic preferences of individuals in terms of wood color, the authors explored the preference for red sandalwood and wenge wood of different hues and lightness values through a combination of an eye movement technique and subjective evaluation. The experimental results showed that: (1) sex factors had a significant effect on the eye movement indexes in a modern aesthetic preference experiment; (2) the preferences of the subjects varied slightly with different wood types but in a lower range; and (3) the effective eye movement indexes in this study were fixation duration, number of fixations, and number of last-sampling positions; in addition, there were differences in the effective eye movement indicators in different experiments. The subjects preferred a low lightness value or color of the chair.

CIRCULATORY INDICES AND THEIR RELATIONS WITH PHYSICAL STRENGTH OF KINH AND SAN DIU HIGH SCHOOL PUPILS IN TAM DAO DISTRICT, VINH PHUC PROVINCE

This research on morphological and physical strength was conducted on 795 pupils of high school (from 16 to 18 years), the ethnicity of Kinh (50.06%), San Diu (49.94%) in Tam Dao district, Vinh Phuc province. The objective of this research was to identify some morphological and physical strengths of male and female pupils aged 16 - 18, contributing to building Vietnamese biological values in the current period. The research results show that there were differences in morphological indicators: height was based on age and sex factors. The physical strength of the study was subjected to the normal group according to BMI. Circulatory indicators (heart rate, arterial blood pressure) had a proportional relationship to the morphological and physical index.

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA ANAK DI BAWAH UMUR YANG TERLIBAT TINDAK PIDANA TERORISME

Abstrak - Kasus Terorisme sejak beberapa tahun kebelakang banyak dijumpai bermacam jenis kejahatan terorisme baik berupa aksi teror dengan menggunakan bom maupun dengan kejahatan. Tidak sedikit tindak pidana terorisme yang dilakukan oleh anak dibawah umur. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaturana anak yang terlibat Tindak Pidana Terorisme, mengetahui faktor penyebab anak terlibat Tindak Pidana Terorisme, dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pertanggungjawaban jika anak terlibat Tindak Pidana Terorisme. Penelitian ini menggunakan library research atau metode penelitian kepustakaan. Adapun sumber data yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier.data akan dianalisa dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-analisis. Landasan terori yang digunakan adalah teori tangung jawab negara. Berdasarkan analisa data yang dilakukan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pengaturan Tindak Pidana Terorisme berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 5 tahun 2018 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2002 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Terorisme berdasarkan pasal 19 dan 24 dalam penjatuhan hukuman minimum tidak berlaku bagi anak dibawah 18 (delapan belas) tahun, faktor penyebab anakt terlibat yaitu berdasarkan terori motivasi, faktor usia, faktor kelamin, faktor kedudukan anak dalam keluarga, serta faktor dorongan dari keluarga itu sendiri, dan pertanggungjawaban anak dibawah umur yaitu dilakukan pemidaan tetapi tidak boleh melebihi ½ dari hukuman orang dewasa. Kata Kunci : Tindak Pidana Terorsme dilakukan oleh Anak dibawah Umur. Abstract - Terrorism Cases since the past few years many types of terrorism crimes have been found, both in the form of acts of terror using bombs and with crimes. Not a few criminal acts of terrorism committed by minors. The purpose of this study was to determine the organization of children involved in criminal acts of terrorism, determine the factors causing children to be involved in criminal acts of terrorism, and to find out how responsibility if children are involved in criminal acts of terrorism. This research uses library research or library research methods. The data sources used are primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The data will be analyzed using descriptive-analysis method. The theoretical foundation used is the theory of state responsibility. Based on the analysis of the data conducted, it was concluded that the regulation of Terrorism Crimes based on Law Number 5 of 2018 concerning Amendment to Law Number 1 of 2002 concerning Eradication of Terrorism Crimes under articles 19 and 24 in the imposition of minimum sentences does not apply to children under 18 (eighteen) years, the causative factors involved are based on motivational theory, age factors, sex factors, the position of the child in the family, as well as the encouragement factors of the family itself, and the responsibility of minors, namely carried out convictions but may not exceed ½ of adult punishment. Keywords : Crime of Terrorism is carried out by Minors.

BANGKITAN PERJALANAN BERDASARKAN JENIS PENDIDIKAN DAN PEKERJAAN DI KECAMATAN MUTIARA KABUPATEN PIDIE

Mutiara Sub-district to date has continued to experience a relatively rapid population growth rate, limited existing road network facilities, and increased development in urban centers that are not well organized. This phenomenon will burden and will adversely affect the city transportation system, because it will cause the occurrence of transportation problems such as queues, or traffic congestion in certain areas. Therefore, it needs a model of the movement generation in Mutiara Sub-district. This study aims to determine the pattern of the rise of household movements, based on the type of education and occupation reviewed in mandatory and non mandatory activities in Kecamatan Mutiara. The population in Mutiara sub-district is 20,810 people, through Slovin formula, the sample is 393 people. The sampling technique used is proportionate stratified random sampling. Calibration of regression parameters used Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method with Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 22 software. The results showed that the mandatory activity of the upward movement of high school education was influenced by sex factors, the number of family members who were still in school, and the ownership of the driver's license, the rise of the movement of the trader's work is influenced by sex factors, and the number of family members already employed, and the rise of non-trades work movements is influenced by the number of family members who are still in school, the number of cars in the family, and the ownership of the driver's license. In non mandatory activities, the rise of high school education movement is influenced by the number of family members who are still in school, the number of cars in the family, and the ownership of the driver's license.

Pre-slaughtering factors related to bruises on cattle carcasses in the micro-region of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil

The objective of the study was to evaluate the main pre-slaughter factors contributing to bruising on cattle carcasses in the micro-region of Araguaína, Tocantins. The experiment was conducted from January to June using data from 414 cattle heads of different breeds, body weight and sex. Factors related to bruises in cattle were evaluated from the farms to a federally inspected slaughterhouse in Araguaína. The independent variables were road type, journey distance (paved and mixed roads), journey time (paved and mixed roads), driver’s experience, prevalence of horns, sex class, falls during unloading, use of devices during unloading, truck maintenance conditions, presence of loose and/or protruding boards in the truck, condition of the truck floor, use of electric cattle prods during handling, presence of protruding nails and/or screws in the truck, arrangement of boards in the crowding pen, presence of broken boards in the cattle handling facility, angle of loading ramp, presence of protruding nails and/or screws in the cattle handling facility, and design and material of the cattle handling facility. The frequency of bruises was associated with the independent variables using contingency tables by the chi-square test (?2) to measure the association between variables. The variables road type, journey distance (mixed roads), journey time (mixed roads), animal behavior, falls during unloading, truck maintenance conditions, presence of loose and/or protruding boards in the truck, condition of the truck floor, arrangement of boards in the crowding pen, and presence of broken boards in the cattle handling facility had a significant effect on carcass bruising. Therefore, several pre-slaughter factors contribute to bruising on cattle carcasses.