scholarly journals Sistem Fonem Isolek Kuntu Kabupaten Kampar

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Atri Kehana Masni
Keyword(s):  
Basic Premise ◽  
The People ◽  
Equivalent Method ◽  
Listening And Speaking

This synchronic study describes the phoneme system of the Kuntu isolect, one of the isolects used in Kampar Regency, Riau Province. The data is the informant's speech using the Kuntu isolect related to the prepared vocabulary. Data was collected by recording and interviewing selected informants, using the listening and speaking method, and analyzed using the equivalent method and the basic premise of Pike (1966). Based on the results of the analysis, IKKK has 42 sounds, namely vocoid, contoid, and diphthong sounds. The IKKK phoneme system has 33 phonemes consisting of five vowel phonemes, eighteen consonant phonemes, and ten diphthong phonemes. Kuntu isolect syllables consist of eight patterns, namely V, VK, KV, KD, KVK, KKV, KDK, and KKVK. The diversity of Kuntu isolect diphthong phonemes found in this study is not much different from previous studies. This proves that the Kuntu isolect of Kampar Regency is a Minangkabau dialect even though Kuntu Village is administratively located in the Riau Province. In addition, the customary system used by the people of Kuntu Village (matrilineal) is another proof that Kuntu Village, Kampar Regency has a relationship with Minangkabau

scholarly journals Use, Purpose, and Function—Letting the Artifacts Speak

Heritage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-605
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Loughmiller-Cardinal ◽  
J. Scott Cardinal
Keyword(s):  
Functional Categories ◽  
Apparent Contradiction ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Implicit Biases ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contradictory Evidence ◽  
And Function

Archaeologists have likely collected, as a conservative estimate, billions of artifacts over the course of the history of fieldwork. We have classified chronologies and typologies of these, based on various formal and physical characteristics or ethno-historically known analogues, to give structure to our interpretations of the people that used them. The simple truth, nonetheless, is that we do not actually know how they were used or their intended purpose. We only make inferences—i.e., educated guesses based on the available evidence as we understand it—regarding their functions in the past and the historical behaviors they reflect. Since those inferences are so fundamental to the interpretations of archaeological materials, and the archaeological project as a whole, the way we understand materiality can significantly bias the stories we construct of the past. Recent work demonstrated seemingly contradictory evidence between attributed purpose or function versus confirmed use, however, which suggested that a basic premise of those inferences did not empirically hold to be true. In each case, the apparent contradiction was resolved by reassessing what use, purpose, and function truly mean and whether certain long-established functional categories of artifacts were in fact classifying by function. The resulting triangulation, presented here, narrows the scope on such implicit biases by addressing both empirical and conceptual aspects of artifacts. In anchoring each aspect of evaluation to an empirical body of data, we back ourselves away from our assumptions and interpretations so as to let the artifacts speak for themselves.

Place of the Indigenous and the Western Systems of Medicine in the Health Services of India

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debabar Banerji
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
Alternative Health ◽  
Alternative Health Care ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Privileged Class ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Political Weapon

The interrelationships of the indigenous (traditional and western (modem) systems of medicine are a function of the interplay of social, economic, and political forces in the community. In India, western medicine was used as a political weapon by the colonialists to strengthen the oppressing classes and to weaken the oppressed. Not only were the masses denied access to the western system of medicine, but this system contributed to the decay and degeneration of the preexisting indigenous systems. This western and privileged-class orientation of the health services has been actively perpetuated and promoted by the postcolonial leadership of India. The issue in formulating an alternative health care system for India is essentially that of rectifying the distortions which have been brought about by various forces. The basic premise for such an alternative will be to start with the people. Action in this field will lead to a more harmonious mix between the indigenous and western systems of medicine.

scholarly journals THE PROCESS OF WORD FORMATION TETUN LANGUAGE IN UMATOOS VILLAGE, KECAMATAN MALAKA BARAT, MALAKA DISTRICT, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
Ernesto Gustavo Tahu
Keyword(s):  
First Language ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Regional Culture ◽  
Regional Language ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The People ◽  
Administrative Area ◽  
Root Word ◽  
Equivalent Method ◽  
Regional Languages

Indonesia is an archipelago which consists of various ethnic groups. Each ethnic group has a regional language as its group identity. Regional languages ​​have a very important role in social and cultural life. The people of Umato'os Village who generally use the local language of Tetun as a means of interaction, the formation process that occurs in Tetun in Umato'os Village is a change if the root word undergoes a process of forming a Tetun word. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation and interviews. Data analysis using the equivalent method. To test the validity of the data, researchers used source triangulation. The result of this research is that Tetum is one of the regional languages ​​in the archipelago which is in the administrative area of ​​Malacca district, East Nusa Tenggara province. Tetun language has its own uniqueness in the affixation process, the affixation process in Tetun not only undergoes a change but also the affixation process has shown a person's activity. Language can be used as a means of communication that is alive and fostered by the Tetum-speaking community as well as a means of developing regional culture. Tetun also serves as the Mother Language (first language) for the Tetun speaking community.

Land Grabbing as a Threat to the Right to Self-Determination: How Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources Limits States’ Involvement in Large-Scale Transfers of Land

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 507-531
Author(s):  
Elisa Freiburg
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
International Law ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Land Grabbing ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
The People ◽  
The Right

This article examines the legal connections between the modern phenomenon of ‘land grabbing’ – large-scale acquisitions of land rights by foreign investors – and the human right to self-determination. It is argued that the right to self-determination and in particular the principle of permanent sovereignty over natural resources cannot only be invoked by one State against another, but also by the people against its own government, thus legally binding all States involved in the process. The basic premise shall not be that land grabbing is per se illegal; it depends on how it is performed. The right to self-determination and the principle of permanent sovereignty over natural resources bring along important restrictions that States have to honour. Governments should develop their foreign investment relations in a way that ensures the human rights of their populations, especially given the fact that in this respect business corporations are not bound by any hard international law. The regulation of the investment is an important factor: transparency and involvement of local authorities at the planning stage, as well as the participation in the investment’s benefits help to ensure that a people is not deprived of its own means of subsistence.

scholarly journals Bahasa dan Pandangan Hidup Masyarakat Jawa Terkait Aktivitas Pertanian Padi di Desa Tladan Kecamatan Kawedanan Kabupaten Magetan (Kajian Etnolinguistik)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
Nanda Anjarwati
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Peasant Community ◽  
Equivalent Method

Ethnolinguistics is a study that connects linguistic concepts related to culture in local communities. The people in Tladan village, Kawedanan district, Magetan regency are still familiar with the terms rice farming activities from generation to generation, so the relationship between Javanese language and culture in the use of the term rice farming activities can be studied  with an etnolinguistik approach.The purpose of this research  is (1) to describe the form of language in Javanese culture related to rice farming activities in Tladan Village, Kawedanan district,Magetan regency (2) to describe the lexical, gramatical and cultural meanings summarized in Javanese languages and culture related to rice farming activities in Tladan Village, Kawedanan district,Magetan regency (3) describes the mindset, perspective on life, and the world of the peasant community in Tladan Village in Tladan village, Kawedanan district, Magetan regency. This type of research is basic research, the level of this research is descriptive qualitative.The data was collected using farming activity observation techniques, proficient methods, and literature study. The data research were analyzed by distribution method (distributional) and the equivalent method. This result of this study  are (1) the form of language described by monomorphemic, polymorphemic, and  phrases contained in the language in Javanes culture related to rice farming activities in Tladan Village, Kawedanan district,Magetan regency (2) the lexical,gramatical, and cultural meanings contained in the language of Javanese culture related to rice farming activities in Tladan Village, kawedanan district, Magetan regency (3)mindset, perspective of life, and the world of the peasant community  in Tladan Village, Kawedanan district, Magetan regency. Keywords : ethnolinguistics, rice farming, Magetan, Tladan

China's Sprouts of Democracy

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 71-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merle Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
Tiananmen Square ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The People ◽  
Inalienable Rights ◽  
The Impact

A basic premise of Confucianism rests in the intellectuals' responsibility to speak out against an oppressive government. This tradition continued well into the Maoist era, along with “the mandate from heaven,” which provided an additional fundamental right of the people to dispose of an unfair leadership. Why was it not until the mid-1980s that the intellectuals, the “democratic elite” of China, initiated a public dialogue on the necessity of “inalienable” rights in the Western sense? The reason may lie in the impact the events in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe had in inducing political reform in post-Mao China. The traditional Confucianist beliefs remained at the core of the emerging ideology. Despite Deng's crackdown in Tiananmen Square, the “sprouts” continue to reappear from time to time, and the author predicts that they will be stronger with each comeback.

scholarly journals An Investigation on the Effectiveness of the English Literary Elements in Improving English Language at Undergraduate Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Arshad Ali ◽  
Syed Hyder Raza Shah ◽  
Shahid Hussain Mughal ◽  
Ghulam Muhiuddin Solangi ◽  
Muhammad Arif Soomro
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
English Language ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Undergraduate Level ◽  
The People ◽  
University Lecturers ◽  
Listening And Speaking

The English has become a lingua-franca language, thus to promote the English language’s interest in the people with the teachings of English literature is regarded as the competence of the learners in the Target Language(TL).Thus,the study aims to investigate the effectiveness of English literary elements in improving English language at undergraduate level. The qualitative method was preferred for collecting the data in which 15 participants were involved, 5 of them were university lecturers and rest of them were the students of English Department Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sanghar Campus. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from the participants and the data was analyzed by the thematic process. The findings of the research indicated that the English literary elements are helpful in the favor of improving English language. It was also declared that movies and dramas affect the English language more effectively. English literary elements affect the learners’ language competence in the different areas as; Listening and speaking. These elements help the learners to learn the language more effectively, and these elements play important role in improving the comprehensions of the learners. The study suggests that there should be integration of movies and dramas in the favor of students as they could get more fluency in English and the study also suggests that the material in the class should be used related to the learning area of the students.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN POLA KONSTRUKSI POSESIF DIALEK AMBON DENGAN BAHASA INDONESIA BAKU [Comparison of Construction Possessive Pattern of Ambon Dialect with Indonesian Standard]

TOTOBUANG ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Taufik Salamun
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
The People ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Equivalent Method ◽  
Construction Pattern ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

This study aims to reconstruct the possessive pattern of the Indonesian language in Ambon dialect with Indonesian standards. This research is descriptive qualitative. The data of this study were derived from the speech of the people of Ambon and surrounding cities who communicate using Ambonese dialect in Indonesian. Indonesian data was obtained from the translation of Ambonese dialects of Indonesian. This research was located in all areas of Ambon City and its surroundings. The time needed by researchers to collect data is for two weeks. The data collection method used is non-participant observation. There are two techniques used to support non-participant observation methods, namely recording and recording techniques. This study uses two ways in the process of data analysis, namely the equivalent method and the method of religion. The results of the study show that there are differences in possessive construction patterns (ownership) between Indonesian Ambon dialect and Indonesian standard. The difference is the location of the possessor and the different possessed. In the Indonesian language, Ambonese dialect, whatever the possessor category, both pronima persona, self-name, and not human, always precedes possessum. That is different from standard Indonesian, which is in the possessum construction pattern that precedes the possessor. Another difference is that the possessive construction pattern in the Ambonese dialect Indonesian language had the addition of the word pung between the possessor and possessed, whereas in standard Indonesian there is no addition. Penelitian ini bertujuan merekonstruksi pola posesif bahasa Indonesia dialek Ambon dengan Indonesia baku. Penelitian ini merupakan kualitatif deskriptif. Data penelitian ini bersumber dari tuturan masyarakat Kota Ambon dan sekitarnya yang berkomunikasi menggunakan bahasa Indonesia dialek Ambon. Data bahasa Indonesia diperoleh dari hasil terjemahan tuturan bahasa Indonesia dialek Ambon. Penelitan ini berlokasi di seluruh wilayah Kota Ambon dan sekitarnya. Waktu yang diperlukan oleh peneliti dalam mengumpulkan data adalah selama dua minggu. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi non-partisipan. Ada dua teknik yang digunakan untuk mendukung metode obeservasi non-partisipan, yaitu teknik rekam dan catat. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua metode dalam proses analisis data, yaitu metode padan dan metode agih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pola konstruksi posesif (kepemilikan) antara bahasa Indonesia dialek Ambon dengan bahasa Indonesia baku. Perbedaan tersebut adalah letak possessor dan possessum yang berbeda. Pada bahasa Indonesia dialek Ambon, apapun kategori possessor baik pronima persona, nama diri, maupun bukan manusia selalu mendahului possessum. Hal itu berbeda dengan bahasa Indonesia baku, yaitu pada pola konstruksinya possessum-lah yang mendahului possessor. Perbedaan lain adalah pola konstruksi posesif pada bahasa Indonesia dialek Ambon mendapat penambahan kata pung di antara possessor dan possessum, sedangkan pada bahasa Indonesia baku tidak mengalami penambahan.

scholarly journals MAKNA SIMBOLIS RITUAL LEGHA KIWAN DALAM RITUS KELAS MASYARAKAT MANGGARAI TIMUR: KAJIAN ETNOLINGUISTIK

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Fransiskus Sanjaya
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The People ◽  
Oral Speech ◽  
Symbolic Meanings ◽  
Equivalent Method

This study aims to describe the symbolic meaning contained in the legha kiwan ritual in the mese class rites or feasts of the people of East Manggarai, Flores, NTT. This research is a type of qualitative research by applying ethnographic principles. The data in this study are snippets of speeches in the legha kiwan ritual. The data sources of this research are substantive data sources and local data sources. The source of substantive data in this study is oral speech in the legha kiwan ritual which has been transcribed into text. Meanwhile, the source of locational data in this study was the East Manggarai Regency area. The data collection methods used were participatory observation and interviews with the watch-record technique and ethnography. The collected data is then classified and typified so that data types are ready to be subjected to data analysis techniques. The data in the study were analyzed using the extralingual equivalent method with contextual data analysis techniques. There are three stages in analyzing data, namely identification, classification, and interpretation. Based on the results of data analysis, it is known that the legha kiwan ritual contains symbolic meanings of respect, hard work, love, intelligence, and hope. Keywords: ethnolinguistic; legha kiwan; symbolic meaning; East Manggarai

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