PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT OF PATROL-GUARD SERVICE POLICE OFFICERS IN THE PERIOD OF PROFESSIONAL ADAPTATION

Профессиональное выгорание сотрудников полиции представляет собой интегральную совокупность переживаний отрицательного характера, причиной которых являются объективные условия профессиональной деятельности. Выгорание как предиктор профессиональных деформаций личности требует внимания и мониторинга уже на первых этапах профессионального становления субъекта, поэтому в системе морально-психологической подготовки в качестве актуальных выступают задачи его профилактики. Цель исследования - провести анализ и психологическую оценку показателей профессионального выгорания сотрудников патрульно-постовой службы полиции в период профессиональной адаптации. В исследовании приняли участие 110 сотрудников патрульно-постовой службы полиции, которые прослужили в органах внутренних дел от шести месяцев до одного года. Методы исследования представлены психодиагностическим инструментарием: многомерная шкала нервно-психической адаптации И. Н. Гурвича, опросник В. А. Винокура «Отношение к работе и профессиональное выгорание» для специалистов «помогающих» профессий, а также методами математической статистики. Исследование позволило выявить средний уровень профессионального выгорания и проблемы адаптации у 31 % респондентов. В результате исследования установлено, что сотрудники с низким уровнем адаптации переживают состояния эмоционального истощения и напряженности в деятельности. На уровне статистической значимости выявлены признаки проблем с состоянием здоровья и общих адаптационных возможностей. Установлены достоверные значения, свидетельствующие о снижении общей самооценки респондентов, невысокой значимости деятельности и отсутствии направленности на профессиональное развитие в условиях нарушения адаптации. Полученные результаты позволяют разработать коррекционные занятия в рамках морально-психологической подготовки сотрудников полиции, направленные на профилактику профессиональных деформаций личности. Professional burnout of police officers is an integral set of negative experiences which are caused by objective conditions of professional activity. Burnout as a predictor of professional personality deformations is already required attention and monitoring at the first stages of the professional formation of the subject. Therefore, the prevention of professional burnout is an urgent task of moral and psychological training. The purpose of is to analyze and psychologically assess the indicators of professional burnout of police patrol officers during professional adaptation. The research involved 110 police patrol officers who served in the Internal Affairs Agencies from six months to one year. Research methods has been presented by psychodiagnostics tools: I. N. Gurvich's multidimensional scale of neuropsychiatric adaptation, V. A. Vinokur's test «Attitude to work and professional burnout» for specialists in «assisting» professions, as well as methods of mathematical statistics. The research revealed an average level of professional burnout and adaptation problems in 31 % of respondents. The research found that employees with a low level of adaptation experience states of emotional exhaustion and tension in the activity. Signs of health problems and general adaptive capacity were identified at the level of statistical significance. Reliable values indicating a decrease in the general self-esteem of the respondents, the low importance of activity and the lack of focus on professional development in conditions of impaired adaptation were established. The results allow us to develop corrective courses as part of the moral and psychological training of police officers, aimed at the prevention of professional deformations of personality.

Eye and Whip

This chapter explores the overlap between corruption and inefficiency. This chapter also evaluates the merits of different accountability mechanisms featured in the existing literature, such as: vertical and horizontal accountability, fire alarm and police patrol oversight, and bottom-up and top-down monitoring. Irrespective of the accountability mechanism that is ultimately preferred, it seems clear that those who wish to promote integrity in government must, first, have the means to uncover wrongdoing, and, second, be in a credible position to threaten wrongdoers with punishment. Stated simply, additional layers of oversight will only have the intended effect if government officials sense that abusing their power has some probability of resulting in punishment.

Route Generation Heuristics for the Automated Creation of Hot Spot Policing Patrol Routes

Hot spot policing is a form of targeted police patrol deployment for decreasing crime. For hot spot policing to be effective, it requires analysis of crime data to identify the specific locations where crime is concentrated and create suitable patrol routes. The creation of hot spot policing patrol routes is a manual task that police officers perform, requiring skills and knowledge about hot spot policing and crime pattern analysis. This can limit the use of hot spot policing where these skills and knowledge are not available, and where they are available, the creation of patrol routes can be a time-consuming task. In this paper, we introduce two computational route generation heuristics that automate creating hot spot policing patrol routes. Both approaches identify the specific locations where crime concentrates and then use different methods to create the patrol routes. We compare the performance of each approach using metrics associated with effective patrol route creation and through visual inspection. We conclude that the heuristics we introduce provide an accurate means for creating hot spot policing patrol routes, which can support greater and improved use of hot spot policing as an effective type of intervention for decreasing crime.

PERANAN SATUAN LALU LINTAS (SATLANTAS) DALAM EKSPEKTASI MENCEGAH PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS DI WILAYAH POLRES KABUPATEN BARRU

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis penanggulangan dan hambatan-hambatan pelaksanaan pelanggaran lalulintas, dan menganalisis deskripsi upaya yang dilakukan polisi dalam mengurangi angka pelanggaran lalu lintas di wilayah Polres Kabupaten Barru. Metode penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian fenomenologi dan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui: observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian meliputi: (1) Kanit Dikyasa, (2) Kanit Patroli, (3) Polisi Patroli, dan (3) Tokoh Masarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Implementasi Patroli Polisi dalam penanggulangan pelanggaran lalu lintas, yaitu: (a) Fasilitas patroli Polisi melengkapi patroli Polisi dalam mencegah terjadinya pelanggaran lalu lintas ternyata belum maksimal, dan (b) Intensitas patroli Polisi menunjukkan peningkatan kepedulian Polisi dalam mencegah terjadinya pelanggaran lalu lintas. (2) Faktor determinan yang menjadi hambatan Patroli Polisi dalam penanggulangan pelanggaran lalu lintas, yaitu: (a) Faktor internal pelayanan ketertiban jalan raya bekemampuan dalam. melakukan patroli untuk menanggulangi terjadinya pelanggaran lalu lintas, dan (b) Faktor eksternal pelayanan ketertiban jalan raya menunjukkan kondisi eksternal patroli polisi dalam penanggulangan pelanggaran lalu lintas kurang efektif. The aim of this study is to find out and analyze countermeasures and obstacles in handling traffic violations, and to analyze the description of the efforts made by the police in reducing the number of traffic violations in the Police Area of Barru Regency. The research method uses the type of phenomenological research and qualitative research approaches. The data collection is done through: observations, interviews and documentations. Research informants include: (1) Dikyasa Kanit. (2) Kanit Patrol, (3) Patrol Police, and (3) Community Leaders. The results showed that: (1) The implementation of Police Patrol in overcoming traffic violations, such us: (a) Police patrol facilities complementing Police patrols in preventing traffic violations were not yet optimal, and (b) The intensity of Police patrols showed an increase in Police concern in preventing traffic violations; (2) Determinant factors that become obstacles to the Police Patrol in overcoming traffic violations, such as: (a) Internal factors of road order services with internal capabilities in conducting patrols to cope with traffic violations, and (b) External factors of road order services indicate that the external conditions of police patrols in handling traffic violations are less effective.

How Concentrated are Police on Crime? A Spatiotemporal Analysis of the Concentration of Police Presence and Crime

Purpose Police patrol has undergone an evidence-based and data driven transition in the beginning of the 21st century. While crime patterns are well researched, patterns of police presence are not. Despite the abundance of available GPS data, little is known about the spatiotemporal patterns of police forces. Given the paucity of evidence on where everyday policing takes place, we ask: what spatiotemporal patterns of police exist, how do these patterns change over time, and how do these correspond to local crime patterns? Methods Therefore, we analysed more than 77 million GPS signals from 130 police patrol cars and more than 50,000 recorded crimes from 2019.to investigate where and when police patrols are present. All data were geocoded and map matched using high performance computing.Results We found that police, much like crime, concentrates on a small proportion of street segments and that the spatial concentration experiences temporal instability at the micro level. Further, spatiotemporal police presence and its concentration appear to be unrelated to local levels of crime and crime concentration. Conclusions These findings inform police chiefs and researchers alike and enable alterations of patrol deployment in order to refine the spatiotemporal focus of police on local crime. Future considerations are required to research optimal spatiotemporal alignment of police presence to effectively prevent crime.

The effect of GPS refresh rate on measuring police patrol in micro-places

With the increasing prevalence of police interventions implemented in micro hot-spots of crime, the accuracy with which officer foot patrols can be measured is increasingly important for the robust evaluation of such strategies. However, it is currently unknown how the accuracy of GPS traces impact upon our understanding of where officers are at a given time and how this varies for different GPS refresh rates. Most existing studies that use GPS data fail to acknowledge this. This study uses GPS data from police officer radios and ground truth data to estimate how accurate GPS data are for different GPS refresh rates. The similarity of the assumed paths are quantitatively evaluated and the analysis shows that different refresh rates lead to diverging estimations of where officers have patrolled. These results have significant implications for the measurement of police patrols in micro-places and evaluations of micro-place based interventions.