Students Attitudes Surrounding STEM: A Social Cognitive Career Theory Instrument for High School

To meet the demand of the growing science and health sectors in the United States, there is a critical necessity to engage more people in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). To broaden participation in STEM, we must understand the factors that shape perspectives and beliefs around career selection. Good measurement of these factors is crucial to quantify how effectively educational interventions impact student attitudes towards STEM. Adolescents are particularly suited for quantifying intervention efficacy because students build their identities during these formative years and make important career choices. To better quantify intervention efficacy at the high school level, we developed an instrument entitled Student Attitudes Surrounding STEM (SASS), which builds upon the social cognitive career theory (SCCT) framework for understanding career selection. Questionnaire responses were collected from 932 high school students, and split into samples of 400 for exploratory factor analysis and 532 for confirmatory factor analysis. The questions clustered into six factors: self-efficacy experience, self-efficacy academic, outcome expectations, interests, negative perceptions of scientists, and career awareness. The SASS exhibited adequate construct validity as determined by fit indices and theoretical considerations. Furthermore, the instrument demonstrated criterion validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. This tool represents a novel integration of three latent variables into SCCT, negative perceptions of scientists, career awareness, and an experience factor for self-efficacy.

Gender disparities among medical students choosing to pursue careers in medical research: a secondary cross-sectional cohort analysis

Background Though the proportion of women in medical schools has increased, gender disparities among those who pursue research careers still exists. In this study, we seek to better understand the main factors contributing to the existing gender disparities among medical students choosing to pursue careers in medical research. Methods A secondary cross-sectional cohort analysis of previously published data was conducted using a 70-item survey that was sent to 16,418 medical students at 32 academic medical centers, and was IRB exempt from the need for ethical approval at the University of Illinois at Chicago and the University of Pennsylvania. Data was collected from September 2012 to December 2014. Survey results were analyzed using chi-square tests and Cramer’s V to determine gender differences in demographic characteristics (training stage, race/ethnicity, marital status, parental status, financial support, and parental career background), career sector choice, career content choice, specialty choice, foreseeable career obstacles, and perceptions about medical research careers. Results Female respondents were more likely to be enrolled in MD-only programs, while male respondents were more likely to be enrolled in MD/PhD programs. More male students selected academia as their first-choice career sector, while more female respondents selected hospitalist as their first-choice career sector. More female respondents identified patient care and opportunities for community service as their top career selection factors, while more male respondents identified research and teaching as their top career selection factors. Student loan burden, future compensation, and work/life balance were the most reported obstacles to pursuing a career in medical research. Conclusions There are many factors from a medical student’s perspective that may contribute to the existing gender disparities in pursuing a career in medical research. While much progress has been made in attracting nearly equal numbers of men and women to the field of medicine, active efforts to bridge the gap between men and women in medical research careers are needed.

The Role of Parental Cultural Capital in Student’s Career Selection at Higher Education Level in District Layyah

The career selection process is a very important decisionin every student’s life. Many factors are affecting before thetaking a decision on their future career. In this study, the researcher wants toinvestigate the influence of respondents’ parental cultural capital of selectedareas. Some other factors like; the profession of their parents, their residenceand the income of their family on the career selection process of 320students of tertiary level education from the government sector graduatecolleges of District Layyah. In this study, the researcher also investigatedthose students who are studying in the B.S. program; either they are in theirown will, or they faced some external forces with selecting this field of study.For this proposal, the data was collected through a questionnaire. The resultsshow the parents influence as most significant in the career selection processof the students at the higher education level. It is recommended that parentsequally mobilize their resources, such as social and cultural capital, to theirchildren. This will help them make wise career decisions.

PEMILIHAN KARIR PADA PEGAWAI GENERASI MILLENIAL (STUDI KASUS : PEGAWAI PT XYZ)

PT XYZ is a company engaged in the field of production and services that has Human Resources spread throughout Indonesia. In this study, the object of observation is the employee in the East Java Unit which has a total of 2,300 personnel with the composition of the Millennial Generation (born 1981-1994) of 51% as the dominating number of employees in PT XYZ. The results of an interest survey conducted on 698 structural employees at the Basic Supervisor level (managerial type career) at PT XYZ East Java Unit, showed that 25% or 171 employees of the millennial generation chose functional careers (type of expertise). This phenomenon is then explored further in the research objectives, namely what factors influence career selection in millennial generation employees. This research is a qualitative research that uses the interview method. The result is that there are two factors that influence career choice, namely responsibility and type of work. Keywords : Millenials, Careers, Qualitative

“I can, I’m doing, but I’m unfit, a tentative approach towards entrepreneurial regret”

Purpose Career choices and selections are amongst the most important predictors of a person’s perception of life satisfaction. Pursuing entrepreneurship as a career may arise as a result of psychological adaptation of career choices in addition to societal role specifications. Therefor, this study aims to provide an in-depth understanding of potential predictors which can intervene in the entrepreneurial intentions and its progression for an important group of the society. Design/methodology/approach Using semi-structured interviews, this qualitative study attempts to illuminate existing and emerging trends, barriers and future orientation of women entrepreneurs in Pakistan. Nvivo 12 was used for thematic analysis to drive specific themes of entrepreneurial regret in Pakistani women entrepreneurs. Findings The findings revealed multilevel themes influencing women’s choices of entrepreneurship as a career, including intrinsic, extrinsic and interpersonal factors. All of these factors shared the feature of social segregation and socially developed role categorisation. The findings revealed that gender roles and segregation in societies play a significant role in influencing women’s career choices. Originality/value Though similar narratives have been presented in previous studies in the context of career selection. This study, on the other hand, makes a unique contribution by identifying relative factors as determinants of regret and counterfactual thinking in Pakistan’s socially constrained culture.

Post Adaptability of Graduates – A Case Study of Business English Majors from H University

In recent years, the number of graduates in employment has increased significantly because of a boom in the number of graduates along with the advancement of the Enrollment Expansion Plan of Colleges and Universities in China. The issues about career selection and graduate employment have been enthusiastically discussed in academic circles as these issues are constantly emphasized by all walks of life. However, academic researchers often neglect matters pertaining graduates when they are already holding positions. This study believes that being employed is not the end point, but a new start, which means that matters pertaining graduates after being employed should also be cared about. This study specifically focuses on the post adaptability of graduates after being employed. In this study, through questionnaires, a number of employed Business English majors from the graduating class of 2011 to 2016 at H university in Shaanxi Province were selected. After that, using the variables from The Fitness Subscale of Adolescent Mental Health Quality Questionnaire, the participants’ post adaptability was studied.

Faktors Influencing Interest in Career Selection as Financial Auditor for Accounting Students Class of 2020 During Covid-19.

This study aims to determine whether framing, groupthink, financial rewards, social values, and job market considerations have a influence on interest in choosing a career as a financial audit at the Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo students in the accounting study program during the covid-19 pandemic.This study used a quatitative approach. Data collection techniques of collecting using a questionnaire. The population of this study includes all the accounting students of Muhammadiyah University of sidoarjo, batch 2020 as many as 178 students. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling, the slovin formula and obtaineda sample of 123 respondents. Method of analysis data used in thi research was multiple linear regression techniques by using the SPSS version 25 test tool .The results of this study indicate that framing, groupthink, financial rewards, social values, and job market considerations have a significant influence on interest in choosing a career as a financial auditor at the Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo students in the accounting study program during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Dr D’Angelo’s hidden chord (three utopias?)

In this article we attempt to envision what utopian higher education could be given the realities that currently shape students’ experiences. Postsecondary education is fraught with admissions that favor those with social, cultural, and economic capital; with course enrollment, class size, and instructor accessibility governed by bureaucratic labyrinths and austerity measures; and with major and career selection constrained by looming student debt. As higher education perpetually reproduces social stratification and increasingly mimics corporate practices, it is imperative to ask who and what higher education is for. Why do we continue to engage in it? Are there ways to salvage it from within, or does it require demolishing, clearing the rubble, and building from scratch? Can a utopian version of higher education exist at all if wider social relations endure? Using speculative fiction, this piece grapples with re-envisioning higher education as students’ daily lives, and the world at large, remain within the confines of capitalist realism.

Gender disparities among medical students choosing to pursue careers in medical research: A cross-sectional cohort analysis

Background: Though the proportion of women in medical schools has increased, gender disparities among those who pursue research careers still exists. In this study, we seek to better understand the main factors contributing to the existing gender disparities among medical students choosing to pursue careers in medical research.Methods: A cross-sectional cohort analysis was conducted using a 70-item survey that was sent to 16,418 medical students at 32 academic medical centers and was IRB approved at the University of Illinois at Chicago and the University of Pennsylvania. Data was collected from September 2012 to December 2014. Survey results were analyzed using chi-square tests to determine gender differences in demographic characteristics (training stage, race/ethnicity, marital status, parental status, financial support, and parental career background), career sector choice, career content choice, specialty choice, foreseeable career obstacles, and perceptions about medical research careers. Results: There were 4433 respondents (27% response rate). Female respondents were more likely to be enrolled in MD-only programs, while male respondents were more likely to be enrolled in MD/PhD programs. More male trainees selected academia as their first-choice career sector, while more female respondents selected hospitalist as their first-choice career sector. More female respondents identified patient care and opportunities for community service as their top career selection factors, while more male respondents identified research and teaching as their top career selection factors. Conclusions: There are many factors from a medical student’s perspective that contribute to the existing gender disparities in pursuing a career in medical research, including student loan burden, future compensation, work/life balance, and family/caretaker obligations. While much progress has been made in attracting nearly equal numbers of men and women to the field of medicine, active efforts to bridge the gap between men and women in medical research careers are needed.

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING ACCOUNTING STUDENTS IN CAREER SELECTION AS PUBLIC AND NON-PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS

This study aims to find out the factors that influence the career selection of accounting students of Esa Unggul University. In the study the factors measured using financial award variables, professional training, professional recognition, social values, work environment, market considerations and personalities had an influence on the career selection of accounting students as public accountants and non-public accountants.The data collection method in this study was obtained by distributing questionnaires to accounting students of Esa Unggul University and taking samples of 100 respondents.The results of the analysis showed that the variables of financial awards, professional training, professional recognition, social values, work environment, market considerations and personalities had a significant influence on career selection as a public accountant or non-public accountant.This study aims to determine the factors that affect the career choice of Esa Unggul University accounting student. In the study factors were measured using a variable financial reward, professional training, professional recognition, social value, work environment, market considerations and personality has an influence on the selection of the accounting student career as a public accountant or non-public accountant.Methods of data collection in this study were obtained using by distributing questionnaires to Esa Unggul University accounting student and take the sample of 100 respondents.Results of the analysis showed financial variable awards, professional training, professional recognition, social values, work environment, market considerations and personality has a significant influence on the selection of a career as a public accountant or non-public accountant. Keywords: financial awards, professional training, professional recognition, social values, work environment, market considerations and personality.