Detection of Tibiofemoral Joint Injury in High-Impact Motion Based on Neural Network Reconstruction Algorithm

In order to reduce the damage degree of joint bones, ligaments, and soft tissues caused by the high impact on the tibiofemoral joint during landing, a method for detecting the damage of tibiofemoral joint under high-impact action based on neural network reconstruction algorithm is proposed. Two dimensional X-ray images of knee joints from straightening to bending in 10 healthy volunteers were selected. CT scans were performed on the knee joint on the same side, and the 3D model from the acquired images was reconstructed. The kinematics data of the femur relative to the tibia with full degree of freedom were measured by registering the 3D model with 2D images. The results showed that in the extended position, the femur was rotated inward (5.5° ± 6.3°) relative to the tibia. The range of femoral external rotation is (18.7° ± 5.9°) from flexion to 90° in straight position. However, from 90° to 120°, a small amount of internal rotation occurred (1.4° ± 1.9°), so during the whole flexion process, the femur rotated (17.3° ± 6.9°), among which, from the straight position to 15°, the femur rotated (10.0° ± 5.6°). Damage in different areas is determined by the size of the interlayer displacement sample size method of sample space reduction. It is proved that the detection method of tibiofemoral joint injury in high-impact motion based on neural network reconstruction algorithm has high accuracy and consistency.

Skewing of crane during acceleration

During the work of crane and during its driving on the crane track, the so-called skewing of the crane arises. The physical phenomenon of crane skewing has been interpreted in various ways in the past. This corresponded to various physical models of skewing, which were created by various authors and which were presented in the standards for the design of crane structures and tracks. Current standards define the skewing as the so-called oblique running of the crane along the track with uniform movement. This is a situation where the force on the front guide means returns the obliqued crane when driving to the straight position. Theoretical formulas for the calculation of forces caused by skewing during oblique running crane were determined by Hannover. These relationships apply to movement of the crane with constant velocity along the crane track. The author of the article derived a model of a crane, which allows to investigate the movement of the crane along the crane track in general, it means both during uniform movement and during its acceleration or deceleration. It is a dynamic model that allows the solution of equations of motion to solve the coordinates corresponding to the degree of freedom and, among other things, to determine the forces between the crane and the crane track. This article presents the results obtained from this model for a specific selected crane during its acceleration. The contact of the front guide wheel is assumed, which is in accordance with the model derived by Hannover and which is also stated in the currently valid standards.

PSX-A-1 Late-Breaking: A fully automated system for 3D image acquisition, classification and processing for real-time monitoring growth of finishing cattle in feedlots

Computer vision has been proposed as an alternative to monitor livestock growth, for example using 3D cameras to estimate body weight and condition. However, implementing this technology outdoors and with unrestrained animals poses a great challenge, because of harsh conditions for the equipment, as well as varying lighting and animal movement. Here we propose an automated system to acquire 3D images of individual animals, integrate the animal ID in the image file, and process images. This comprises a fundamental step for implementing a real-time assessment tool of growth of animals grouped in pens, to aid optimal feed management and marketing decision. The study comprised 50 beef cattle of Nellore breed during a finishing phase at DSM Innovation and Applied Center, in Brazil. Animals were tagged with RFID eartags, and 5 Intel RealSense D435 cameras were installed on the top of the water sources in each pen. For each animal approaching the water tank, an RFID antenna read the animal ID and triggered the camera to acquire a top-down view image. Images were then sent to a central computer using Wi-Fi, and later to the cloud. A decision tree algorithm was trained to sort images as usable or unusable, where the retained images had one single animal on the frame, with full body and relatively straight position. Selected frames were then processed using a threshold Otsu’s method to segment the animal body and obtain the necessary biological features, including body length, multiple width and height values, body area and volume. A total of 16,000+ images were collected, from which 3,100 were deemed usable. The algorithm successfully extracted the animal body from each image and obtained the biological features (cross-correlation values above 0.90). The proposed system was demonstrated to be extremely promising and the next stage of the study will be devoted to individual body weight prediction.

Dosimetric Evaluation of Oesophagus in Hypofractionated Supraclavicular Nodal Irradiation in Breast Cancer - A Retrospective Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre in Alappuzha, Kerala

BACKGROUND Acute esophagitis (AE) is a common toxicity seen in patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer, which can affect their quality of life. Thus, majority of our patients receiving hypo fractionated dose of 40 Gy in 15 fractions were having AE. We conducted this study to evaluate the dosimetric parameters of oesophagus and correlate with published literature. METHODS Treatment plans of 80 post mastectomy patients who underwent radiotherapy for carcinoma of breast (Ca breast) with a dose of 40 Gy in 15 fractions to the chest wall along with supra clavicular fossa (SCF) were selected. Out of these, 44 patients (22 each in right and left side) were simulated in neck straight position and 36 in neck tilted position (18 each in right and left side). The oesophageal volume was contoured in already executed plans from the inferior border of cricoid cartilage to the inferior border of the SCF planning target volume (PTV). No plan modification was done after contouring the oesophagus. Dosimetric parameters like the maximum dose (Dmax) and mean dose (Dmean) to oesophagus, volume of oesophagus receiving ≥ 5 Gy (V5), ≥ 10 Gy (V10), ≥ 15 Gy (V15), ≥ 20 Gy (V20), ≥ 25 Gy (V25), ≥ 30 Gy (V30) were derived from dose volume histogram (DVH) data and analysed. RESULTS Dmean in straight neck group irrespective of side was 18.57 (± 7.30) Gy and in tilted neck 22.94 (± 9.53,) Gy, P = 0.023. Subgroup analysis shows Dmean was significantly high in patients with left sided disease than those with right sided disease (24.10 vs. 13.03, P = 0.00) in the straight neck cases. In the neck tilted group there was a nonsignificant increase in Dmean in left sided cases (25.36 vs. 20.53, P = 0.13). CONCLUSIONS Evaluation of oesophageal dosimetric parameters in hypofractionated dose showed that DmeanEQD2 was within the values of published studies in conventional fractionation. KEYWORDS Oesophageal Dosimetric Parameters, Breast Cancer

PREPARATION FOR PALATOPLASTY SURGERY WITH AN ACRYLIC FEEDING OBTURATOR: A CASE REPORT

ABSTRACTBackground: Clefts on the lips and palate are common cases to be found frequently in the field of dentistry. This gap connects the oral cavity and the nasal cavity so that it interferes with the nutritional intake in patients. The age and size of the oral cavity in patients become particular challenges for prosthetic rehabilitation. Another challenge lies at the impression procedure, because it is an essential part in the making of obturator. Objective: To provide information on the management of patient with cleft palate using feeding obturator from acrylic material. Case: A 13-months-old male patient arrived at Prof. Soedomo Gadjah Mada University Dental Hospital with his parents and was seeking for prosthetic therapy to cover the cleft on his palate because it had been muddling with food and beverage intake. Patient had undergone cheiloplasty surgery and further arranged for palatoplasty procedure. Intraoral examination exhibited a cleft extended from hard palate, soft palate, and uvula. Case management: Upper jaw impression was performed for individual tray fabrication, followed by impression procedure in an upright straight position until the patient bawled. The impression result was casted to construct an obturator using acrylic heat cure material. Fitting surface was covered with soft liner. Treatment result showed that the obturator was retentive, stable and able to assist the nutritional intake in patient. Conclusion: Acrylic feeding obturator can recover the condition in patient with cleft palate and improve nutritional intake as well as body weight to prepare patient for palatoplasty surgery.Keywords: Cleft Palate, Feeding Plate, Obturator

Sistem Kontrol Robot Sepak Bola Beroda menggunakan Finite State Machine (FSM)

ABSTRAKPerkembangan teknologi menuntut transisi alat yang berbasis manual menjadi otomatis. Hal ini tak terkecuali pada perkembangan robot, termasuk robot sepak bola. Robot ini mengalami perkembangan sangat pesat. Hal ini didukung dengan adanya Kontes Robot Sepak Bola Indonesia (KRSBI). Penelitian kali mengusulkan robot sepak bola beroda dengan omni-directional weel sebagai pergrakannya menggunakan Finite State Machine (FSM) sebagai metode kontrol untuk menjalankan misi yang ditentukan. Misi robot yang dikembangkan yaitu mencari bola (wander), mencari posisi lurus terhadap bola, mencari gawang, dan menendang bola. Robot ini menggunakan CMUCam5 sebagai sensor masukan untuk mendeteksi bola sebagai target bedasarkan warna dan jarak. Jarak yang digunakan yaitu antara 20 cm sampai 60 cm dengan sudut antara -40 derajat sampai 40 derajat dan intensitas cahaya antara 113 sampai 1213 lux. Implementasi FSM pada robot sepak bola beroda dengan 5 jenis percobaan mencapai tingkat keberhasilan yang bagus yaitu 86% dengan rata-rata waktu menjalankan misi 29.24 detik.Kata kunci: CMUCam5, Finite State Machine, Omni-directional wheel, Robot Sepak Bola ABSTRACTTechnological development demands a transition from manual to automatic tools. It includes soccer robots that have developed so rapidly. This development is supported by the Indonesian Football Robot Contest (KRSBI). This study proposes a wheeled soccer robot with Omni-directional weel as its movement using Finite State Machine (FSM) as a control to carry out the specified mission. The mission is wandering to seek the ball, looking for a straight position to the ball, looking for the goal, and kicking the ball. This robot uses CMUCam5 as an input to detect the ball as a target based on color and distance. The distance used is between 20-60 cm with an angle of -40 degree to 40 degree and light intensity between 113-1213 lux. The implementation of FSM on a wheeled soccer robot with five types of experiments achieved a good result of 86% with an average mission time of 29.24 seconds.Keywords: CMUCam5, Finite State Machine, Omni-directional weel, Wheeledsoccer robot

Features of surgical treatment of Brown's syndrome in children

Purpose. To study the features of surgical treatment of Brown's syndrome in children. Material and methods. 47 children with Brown's syndrome aged from one to 10 years were treated: 4 children had bilateral form, 43 had congenital form and 4 had acquired form. The operation was performed for 44 children. The indications for surgical treatment were double vision in a straight position, forced position of the head, impaired binocular vision. Results. Three children with acquired Brown's syndrome had a positive effect on the background of conservative treatment. Surgical treatment of Brown's syndrome was effective, but often required repeated interventions (31 patients, 70%): the first stage was weakening of the superior oblique muscle (tenotomy, recession, prolongation), the second stage was recession of the inferior oblique muscle, the third stage was recession of the contralateral inferior rectus muscles (4 patients, 9%). In a number of cases (5 children, 11%), at the outcome of surgical treatment, asymmetry of the palpebral fissures was noted due to mild enophthalmos in the operated eye (the result of weakening of the oblique muscles that «pull» the eyes out of the orbit and weakening of the contralateral inferior rectus muscle that «tightens» the eyeball). Conclusion. Surgery for Brown's syndrome is effective, but often requires reoperation. With acquired forms of Brown's syndrome, examination and the first stage of conservative treatment are required. The absolute indications for surgical treatment of Brown's syndrome are forced head position, double vision in a straight position and impaired binocular vision. Keywords: Brown's syndrome, double vision in a straight position, forced position of the head, impaired binocular vision, surgical treatment.

Surgical treatment of a patient with congenital nystagmus with compensatory head posture: A case report

The correction of compensatory head posture in a congenital nystagmus involves surgical treatment that includes recession and resection of extraocular muscles to move the eccentric null zone to a primary position. A 39-year-old patient presented with an impaired visual acuity and nystagmus that was present since childhood. She had a left head turn with permanent neck pain. At the examination, best corrected visual acuity was 0.4 in both eyes with her glasses. Correction in the right eye was -6.50-1.50/180° and in the left eye -5.50-2.50/180°. Measured objective and subjective angles of squint were +4°, fusion from -3° to +29°, with the presence of stereo vision. During the cover test the nystagmus was present and it enhanced while covering the eye. Ocular motility was not limited. Fundus examination revealed myopic changes in both eyes. Prisms were prescribed, which were well tolerated by the patient. Also, no apparent head turn was noticed while wearing the prisms. Nine months later, the patient underwent a Kestenbaum procedure. Retroposition of the lateral rectus muscle with resection of the medial rectus muscle in the right eye and retroposition of the medial rectus muscle with resection of the lateral rectus muscle in the left eye were performed. After the procedure nystagmus dampened the most in the minimal left position, the head was in a straight position. Two years after the procedure nystagmus dampened the most in the primary position, the head was in a straight position. Nine years after surgery and refractive correction with contact lenses, the visual acuity was 0.8-0.9p in both eyes. The presented case showed that adequate functional and surgical treatment led to a good morphological outcome with improved visual acuity in a patient with congenital nystagmus and a compensatory head posture even in adulthood.

ANALISA POLA SPESIMEN PLASTIK UJI PUKUL CHARPY DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PRINTER 3D

Impact testing is needed to measure the toughness of an object that requires a specimen as material to be requested. Where Impact testing specimens from metal that be moulded by casting cannot be made perfect because the angles of the notch are very difficult to make. For this reason, researchers try to make plastic specimens produced from 3D printers where notches or angles in the test specimens can be made precisely using a 3D printer. The design pattern of the plastic test specimen was made according to ASTM standard and tested using the Charpy test having a length of 73.6 mm, a width of 12.7 mm and a thickness of 10 mm, a notch shaped "V" with an angle of 45 ° alongside a notch height of 2, 54 mm . after that it is drawn 3D using 3D software then saved in STL file format then opened, saved and printed in the default software of the 3D printer. The variables researched are layer thickness and temperature. Analysis of the plastic test specimen by using a 3D printer the first is Failed in Impact testing occurred because the placement of the specimen on the charpy compressive test instrument laying would not be straight with the pendulum. The notch angle should be straight with the pendulum by checking the straight position by being photographed from the back and front of the specimen and pendulum. The second obtains if it gets a gap in the slice of the plastic specimen from the type of layer, the energy provided is smaller so that the energy absorbed can be read in the testing process through charpy. The third the plastic specimens code A and code B is getting more layers, the more energy absorbed. The fourth which shows the difference in the nozzle temperature for the plastic test specimens that are set using a nozzle temperature of 200 ° C, the initial energy given is greater and the specimen is stronger receiving the energy load than test plastic specimen using a 180 ° C temperature nozzle.

A Case of Bilateral Permanent Subluxation of the Lateral Meniscus

We report a case of bilateral, permanent subluxation of the lateral meniscus. To our knowledge, the present case is the first reported description of bilateral irreducible anterior dislocation of the posterior segment of the lateral meniscus. This disorder is characterized by a flipped meniscus sign of the lateral meniscus on sagittal magnetic resonance images of the knee joint, with no history of trauma or locking symptoms. A detailed examination of serial magnetic resonance images of the lateral meniscus can help differentiate this condition from malformation of the lateral meniscus, that is, a double-layered meniscus. We recommend two-stage treatment for this disorder. First, the knee joint is kept in straight position for 3 weeks after the lateral meniscus is reduced to the normal position. Second, if subluxation of the lateral meniscus recurs, meniscocapsular suture is then performed. Although subluxation of the lateral meniscus without locking symptoms is rare, it is important to be familiar with this condition to diagnose and treat it correctly.