Corporate Digital Responsibility

Digital technology is reshaping businesses across much of the world, but as companies introduce digital technologies into their business activities, they are facing new sets of responsibilities. While many businesses have enthusiastically embraced the economic benefits of these digital technologies, the social and environmental impacts of these developments have received much less attention. With this in mind, this chapter reviews how the leading information technology companies publicly address their social and environmental responsibilities. The chapter includes an outline of digital technologies and their potential social dimensions and environmental impacts, a brief review of the emerging academic and professional literature to provide some reference and context for the review, details of the method of enquiry and frame of reference adopted by the authors, a review of how the leading information technology companies publicly reported on their social and environmental digital responsibilities, and some general reflections on these social and environmental responsibilities.

Planned Investment in Information Technology Companies

Planned investment has become indispensable for strengthening the management in IT companies. In this chapter, the authors present three innovative methods in a cycle of causes and effects, where the second method is effect of the first and the third is cause of the first and effect of the second method. The first method aims to motivate the human resources with organizational learning and the growth in the professional career. The second method aims to measure the performance, the productivity, the organizational learning, and the growth in the professional career. The third method aims to estimate the anticipation of the costs for the construction of the software project and analysis of planned investment for the better decision making. This motivator scenario, with effect of anticipative and strengthening that aligns methods in a cycle of causes and effects, enabling the analysis of planned investment for the better decision making in the IT companies, provides the government, generates revenue, moves the economy, and generates more wealth for Brazil.

INFLUENCE OF WORK/FAMILY CONFLICT ON OCCUPATIONAL FUTURE OF IT EMPLOYEES

Introduction: In recent years, with the increase in growth of Information Technology (IT) companies and diversified workforce, there is an increased research on Work\family conflict and occupational future. Objective: The objective is to study about the work\family conflict relation with occupational future with the effect of environmental support (support from organization and family) as moderator. Methodology: The data is gathered from 392 Information Technology employees working in different Information Technology companies in India. The data is analyzed with hierarchical regression and correlation Results: The outcomes of the study divulged a positive relation between work\family conflict and occupational future. And also, the results showed that every environmental item does not moderate between work family conflict and occupational future. Conclusion: Therefore work and occupational future is significant for the existence of IT industry, provide practical awareness of employee welfare and improve balanced life which might differ under certain specific conditions.

Business Model Transformation and Business Process Reengineering in Information Technology Companies in Nigeria

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between business model transformation and business process reengineering of information technology companies in Nigeria. Methodology: The study adopted a cross-sectional research survey. The population of the study was the 4 major information technology companies that met the capitalization base condition as listed in Nigeria Stock Exchange. Questionnaire was the major instrument for data collection and the pilot survey was distributed to 50 respondents to help ascertain the possible response outcome on the long run if the entire respondents are examined. A Cronbach alpha of 0.7 was used to determine the level of reliability of the research instrument. The hypotheses were tested using the Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. Results The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between business model transformation and business process reengineering of information technology companies in Nigeria. The study specifically found that there is a significant relationship between business model transformation and process formation in information technology companies in Nigeria. Also, the study found that there is a significant relationship between business model transformation and enhanced capabilities in information technology companies in Nigeria. Finally, the study found that that there is a significant relationship between business model transformation and efficiency improvements in information technology companies in Nigeria. Based on the study findings, the researchers conclude that domain transformation significantly relate with business process reengineering in information technology companies in Nigeria. Unique contribution: The study recommends that preference to expertise can be emphasized through the acknowledgement and appreciation of skill and creativity within the workplace in a manner that recognizes and encourages knowledge development and skill upgrades within the organization, thereby driving competence in the workforce of the organization.

Response of Information Technology Companies in Europe to the World Health Organization's Announcement of the COVID-19 Pandemic

From the beginning of 2020, the whole world has been shaken by a contagious disease called Covid-19, its actual name being SARS-CoV-2. It first appeared in China, in Wuhan, Hubei Province, in December 2019, and the World Health Organization (WHO) was informed about it on the 31st of December 2019. On the 11th of March, 2020, WHO declared the Covid-19 outbreak a pandemic, and no country has been able to contain this coronavirus. This medical or health crisis evolved into a pandemic and led to a global economic crisis. This study investigates the wealth effect of the coronavirus pandemic announcement on the Information Technology Industry companies in Europe. We apply the classical event study methodology. Our sample contained 87 companies. The results show a strong negative reaction of information technology companies upon this announcement. The European investors perceived this announcement as a negative signal that will disturb the lives of everyone and will create economic instabilities and havoc in all sectors of an economy. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Maturity Models and Sustainable Indicators—A New Relationship

This study aims to investigate the relationship between maturity models adopted by information technology companies and the sustainability indicators that are currently considered decision-making factors for investors and customers. The research is based on previous studies, Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology (COBIT), and Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards, and indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) defined in 2015 by the United Nations. As a result of the intersection between the GRI and SDG indicators with COBIT requirements, a set of 50 indicators covering four dimensions of sustainability was identified. In the environmental dimension, 11 indicators were identified, in the economic dimension six indicators, in social dimension 14 indicators, and, at last, in the governance dimension, there were 19 convergent indicators between COBIT and GRI. This set of 50 proposed indicators was validated by analyzing the content of the sustainability reports available on the websites of information technology companies, making it possible to relate the sustainable practices and strategies adopted by such companies with the indicators suggested in this study. Furthermore, we identified that the SDGs are incorporated into the strategic objectives of seven of the nine companies analyzed.

User Experience Design Practices in Industry (Case Study from Indonesian Information Technology Companies)

User Experience (UX) is a term that has received a lot of attention in the last decade. The number of industries whose consider the importance of implementing the UX design process within their development cycle has increased. Therefore, we think it is important to investigate how UX design processes are implemented in the industries. In this research, we take a qualitative approach with descriptive methods by investigating six information technology companies in Indonesia. As a result, we found that most of these information technology companies implement the UX design process as part of their operation and consider that the UX design process is an important part of software development. Each company has its order and priorities in regard to the UX design processes and only follows their established UX design process framework in order to meet their product development requirements. We also found that there are different UX design process approaches from these six companies.

“Knowledge management practices” as moderator in the relationship between organizational culture and performance in information technology companies in India

Purpose The purpose of this study is to empirically examine knowledge management (KM) practices as a moderator in the relationship between organizational culture and performance. The effect of four types of organizational culture on organizational performance was studied. In addition to direct effects, most importantly, KM practices as a moderator in strengthening the culture-performance relationship were empirically examined. Design/methodology/approach A carefully crafted survey instrument was distributed and data was collected from 1,255 respondents from 10 information technology companies in India. After checking the psychometric properties of the instrument, this paper performs hierarchical regression to test hypotheses. Findings The results reveal that: cooperative culture, innovative culture, consistent culture and effectiveness culture were all positively and significantly related to organizational performance; KM practices were positively and significantly related to organizational performance, KM practices moderate the relationship between various dimensions of organizational culture and organizational performance. Research limitations/implications As with any survey-based research, the present study suffers from the problems associated with self-report measures. These are common method bias and social desirability bias. However, this study attempts to minimize these limitations by following appropriate statistical techniques. Practical implications This study contributes to both practicing managers and the literature on KM and organizational culture. The study suggests that managers use KM practices, which are all-pervasive and very important for improving organizational performance. The results highlight the importance of implementing KM practices in organizations. Originality/value This study provides new insights into the importance of KM practices in achieving sustained competitive advantage by achieving organizational effectiveness. To the knowledge, the importance of KM practices is underemphasized in organizational culture research.

Digital Contact Tracing Against COVID-19 in Europe: Current Features and Ongoing Developments

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a public health challenge of unprecedented scale. In the midst of the first wave of the pandemic, governments worldwide introduced digital contact tracing systems as part of a strategy to contain the spread of the virus. In Europe, after intense discussion about privacy-related risks involving policymakers, technology experts, information technology companies, and—albeit to a limited extent—the public at large, technical protocols were created to support the development of privacy-compatible proximity tracing apps. However, as the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 sweeps the continent, digital contact tracing in Europe is evolving in terms of both technological and governance features. To enable policymakers to harness the full potential of digital health tools against SARS-CoV-2, this paper examines the evolution of digital contact tracing in eight European countries. Our study highlights that while privacy and data protection are at the core of contact tracing apps in Europe, countries differ in their technical protocols, and in their capacity to utilize collected data beyond proximity tracing alone. In particular, the most recently released apps tend to offer users more granular information about risk in specific locations, and to collect data about user whereabouts, in order to enhance retrospective contact tracing capacity. These developments signal a shift from a strict interpretation of data minimization and purpose limitation toward a more expansive approach to digital contact tracing in Europe, calling for careful scrutiny and appropriate oversight.

The Role of IT in Automating the Business Processes in Retail Sector with Reference to Enterprise Resource Planning

The information technology plays an important role as an enabler in retail industry to automate the business processes. The companies had identified that without the involvement of information technology the businesses cannot move forward with smooth running of business operations. With the advent of latest technologies in the field of information technology, companies are managing the business processes in more effective and efficient way. It is important to identify the importance of technological trends that had enabled the business processes to smoothen the operations such as technological enabler of the retail industry and its overall contribution to the sector as a whole. Enterprise Resource Planning, as the concept suggests, it can play a vital role in dealing with daily processes of the company. The importance of the Enterprise Resource Planning can deal with more challenging factors that a company faces and how well they can automate the processes is an advantage to the company at large.