How Impact the Design of Aluminum Swaging Circle Fitting on the Sealing for Piping Systems: Analytical and Numerical Model

Installation and repair of hydraulic installations are carried out by joining the pipes in the field. Pipe connections in aviation are made in a very narrow space and field. For this reason, fitting swaging method is used to connect the fittings to the pipes with a hydraulic hand tool. The basis for developing a swaging tool is knowledge of the design parameters for the plastic deformation of the swaging circle fitting. In addition to the design parameter, pipes have to be joined in cryogenic vacuum conditions, which require sealing in such sensitive and harsh conditions. In this study, the effect of swaged circle fitting designs on tightness and strength was determined and different swaging methods were examined for its improvement. Different geometric swaged circle fittings are designed and analytical and numerical models are solved. The solution results obtained show the characteristic effect of the fitting swaging analysis methodology and the swaged circle fitting design on the sealing of the pipe joint. The innovation is mainly the effect of the swaging circle connection design on the sealing of the pipe joint. With the finding in this work, it is now possible to develop or develop new tools for engineered swaging circle fitting.

ANTESEDEN KEPUASAN KERJA DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KINERJA APARATUR BADAN NARKOTIKA NASIONAL PROVINSI ACEH

This study aims to determine two antecedent variabels of job satisfaction and the impact on personil performance of National Narcotics Agency Aceh Province. The data used is the data by distributing questionnaires to 175 respondent of personil National Narcotics Agency Aceh Province. To analyze the data, the statistical analysis used structure equation modeling (SEM) and processed with the help of the application Amos. The variables measured include individual characterstic and work characteristic effect toward job satisfaction and then analysis of statistical test is individual characterstic, work characteristic and job satisfaction effect toward of Personil Performance of National Narcotics Agency Aceh Province. The result job satisfaction variable effect of partial mediated on individual characterstic and work characteristic toward to Personil Performance of National Narcotics Agency Aceh Province.

Pengaruh Karakteristik Individu Dan Karakteristik Pekerjaan Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dengan Budaya Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada PT. Perta Arun Gas

This study aims to determine how much influence the individual characterstic and job characteristic through organization culture and its impact on job satisfaction of PT. Perta Arun Gas Lhokseumawe City. The data used is the data by distributing questionnaires to 168 employee PT. Perta Arun Gas Lhokseumawe City. To analyze the data, the statistical analysis used structure equation modeling (SEM) and processed with the help of the application Amos. The variables measured include individual characterstic and job characteristic effect toward organization culture of The PT. Perta Arun Gas Lhokseumawe City. Based on the analysis of statistical test is individual characterstic and job characteristic and organization culture affect on the job satisfaction of PT. Perta Arun Gas Lhokseumawe City. The result organization culture variable effect of full mediated on individual characterstic and job characteristic toward to job satisfaction of PT. Perta Arun Gas Lhokseumawe City. Keywords : Individual Characterstic, Job Characteristic, Organization Culture and Job Satisfaction.

Influence of bus service downtime in the transport interchange on the duration of inter-route transfer of passengers

The object of the study is the effect of the downtime of vehicles at stopping points on the duration of the route between passengers within the transport hub. As a controllable parameter that determines the conditions for synchronizing the presence of vehicles at stopping points and reproduces the characteristic effect on the weighted average time spent by passengers in transport hubs, the time of additional service downtime of vehicles is allocated. The simulation modeling and processing of the results obtained made it possible to establish the characteristic patterns of changes in the time spent by passengers in transport hubs for two types of routes with different volumes of passenger arrivals, the proportion of inter-route transfers and the interval of movement. It was found that for routes with scheduled arrivals more than 40 passengers and the specific gravity of inter-route transfers up to 45 %, the introduction of additional service downtime does not allow a positive effect on the duration of the stay of passengers in transport hubs. The implementation of service downtime is advisable for routes with an average volume of regular arrivals of passengers (up to 40 passengers) and a specific weight of inter-route transfers of more than 45 %. For such conditions, the regularities are described by a third-degree polynomial with the available characteristic period, which minimizes the function of the time spent by passengers. On the basis of the conducted experimental studies, it has been established that for routes with a specific gravity of a change from 45 % to 59 %, it is advisable to have a service downtime in the range of 1 minute up to 3 minutes, and for routes with a transfer rate of more than 59 % – within 2 minutes up to 5 minutes. The use of service downtime will increase the effectiveness of the synchronization of inter-route transfers in conditions of stochastic traffic and reduce the time spent by passengers in the transport interchange hub by 0.9–3.9 minutes (14–38 %) in comparison with the existing organization of interaction between the subjects of the route flow.

Post-Covid-19 Pandemic Awareness on The Use of Micro- and Nano Plastic and Efforts into Their Degradation - A Mini Review

Micro- and nanoplastic pollution possess a global threat and cause a future problem and needs greater attention. Its pollution is also exacerbated recently by the use of abundance of plastic polymers in efforts to prevent and handle COVID-19 pandemic at the global scale. This review covered the major concerns about the characteristic, effect and bioremediation of micro- and nanoplastics of post COVID-19. Based on size, microplastic is described as debris particles smaller than 5 mm whereas, nanoplastic is referred to any particles smaller than 100 nm. Micro- and nanoplastic are easily ingested by many aquatic organisms at different trophic levels. This ingestion caused negative health impacts to all living organisms. Microplastic direct effect on living organism for example mechanical injury, false satiation, declined growth, promoted immune response, energy loss, disrupted enzyme activity and production, decreased fecundity, production of oxidative stress, and mortality. Nanoplastic could enter the circulatory system and caused negative effects on the cellular and molecular levels. Bioremediation of microplastic by magnoliophyta, bacteria, fungus and algae on several polymer forms was previously reported, however, not many on nanoplastic biodegradation. Therefore, current review will focus on the characteristics, effect and bioremediation effort of micro- and nanoplastic.

Вплив механічної обробки поверхні на діелектричні та фотодіелектричні властивості кристалів AIIBVI

The subject matter of the study is the dielectric and photodielectric properties of AIIBVI crystals of composition ZnSe and Cd1-хZnхTe, which are grown from the melt, and the structural defects and internal elastic fields associated with these properties. The goal of the article is to study the patterns of influence of surface machining by grinding, polishing, and local loading on the defective structure in the deformation region, and thus on the dielectric and photodielectric properties of AIIBVI crystals of this composition, which is important given the use of these crystals in aerospace engineering. The tasks to be solved are: to investigate the regularities of the influence of grinding, polishing, and local deformation of the chipped surface of ZnSe and Cd1-хZnхTe samples on their defective structure, dielectric and photodielectric properties, including irreversible changes in properties. The problems were solved by the following methods: dielectric and photodielectric properties of crystals were investigated by the capacitive method; scanning photodielectric spectroscopy was used to measure the photoionization energies of localized states of charge carriers in crystals; the distribution of residual elastic stresses in the samples was studied by the polarization-optical method. The following results were obtained. Grinding and polishing cause the transformation of own and impurity maxima of the spectral dependences of the dielectric parameters of AIIBVI crystals, has a characteristic effect on the coordinate dependences of the dielectric parameters of crystals Cd1-хZnхTe. This is due to the transformation of localized states of carriers, which is confirmed by the study of ZnSe crystals. Concentrated deformation of Cd1-хZnхTe crystals significantly affects their dielectric properties, in particular, causes relaxation of dielectric parameters. Conclusions. Mechanical surface treatment of AIIBVI crystals by grinding and polishing, as well as local mechanical loading of Cd1-хZnхTe samples significantly affect their dielectric and photodielectric properties, which is associated with the formation of a system of defects and internal elastic fields in the deformation regions. An explanation of the observed effects is given.

Crystallographic Characteristic Effect of Cu Substrate on Serrated Cathode Dissolution in Cu/Sn–3.0Ag–0.5Cu/Cu Solder Joints during Electromigration

The crystallographic characteristic effect of Cu substrate on cathode dissolution behavior in line-type Cu/Sn–3.0Ag–0.5Cu (SAC305)/Cu solder joints during electromigration (EM) was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and first-principles calculations. The SEM and EBSD results show that the crystallographic characteristic of Cu substrate is crucial to cathode dissolution behavior under a direct current of 1.5 × 104 A/cm2 at 125 °C ± 2 °C. When the (001) plane of copper grain adjacent to the Cu3Sn/Cu interface is perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the current direction, local cathode dissolution tips are easily formed, whereas the (111) plane remains mostly undissolved, which finally leads to the inhomogeneous cathode serrated dissolution in the substrate. The first-principles calculation results reveal that the different surface energies and energy barriers of the different crystallographic planes of Cu grains in the substrate are responsible for the local cathode dissolution tips. Adjusting the copper grain in a substrate to a crystal plane or direction that is difficult to dissolve during EM is a promising method for improving the reliability of solder joints in the future.

REVIEW OF CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF ABHRAKA WSR TO PINAKA ABHRAKA

Rasashastra (Vedic chemistry) is the root branch of the Ayurveda (the science of life) that deals with herbomineral preparations. Abhraka (mica) is a mineral that classified in Maharasa group of Rasashastra. It contains several elements such as Si, Fe, Al, Mg, Na, and K as main ingredients. Four types of abhrakas are described in the Classics of Rasashastra including pinaka. Property of Pinaka is told that when it is heated on fire, the layers get separates. Intake of its bhasma causes severe constipation. The characteristic effect of pinak abhraka can be correlated with muscovite – paragonite micas. Because their perfect basal cleavage allows them to be split into thin, flexible sheets. Muscovite–paragonite series group of mica having hydrous potassium, sodium, aluminum, and silicate minerals. In this hydrous group, aluminum hydroxide causes constipation. In this paper, an attempt will be made to explain how does pinaka abhrak causes severe constipation.

Pengaruh Karakteristik Individu Dan Karakteristik Pekerjaan Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dengan Budaya Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada PT. Perta Arun Gas

This study aims to determine how much influence the individual characterstic and job characteristic through organization culture and its impact on job satisfaction of PT. Perta Arun Gas Lhokseumawe City. The data used is the data by distributing questionnaires to 168 employee PT. Perta Arun Gas Lhokseumawe City. To analyze the data, the statistical analysis used structure equation modeling (SEM) and processed with the help of the application Amos. The variables measured include individual characterstic and job characteristic effect toward organization culture of The PT. Perta Arun Gas Lhokseumawe City. Based on the analysis of statistical test is individual characterstic and job characteristic and organization culture affect on the job satisfaction of PT. Perta Arun Gas Lhokseumawe City. The result organization culture variable effect of full mediated on individual characterstic and job characteristic toward to job satisfaction of PT. Perta Arun Gas Lhokseumawe City. Keywords : Individual Characterstic, Job Characteristic, Organization Culture and Job Satisfaction.

Marked Difference in the Conformational Transition of DNA Caused by Propanol Isomer

We measured the changes in the higher-order structure of DNA molecules (λ phage DNA, 48 kbp) at different concentrations of 1- and 2-propanol through single-molecular observation. It is known that 2-propanol is usually adapted for the procedure to isolate genomic DNA from living cells/organs in contrast to 1-propanol. In the present study, it was found that with an increasing concentration of 1-propanol, DNA exhibits reentrant conformational transitions from an elongated coil to a folded globule, and then to an unfolded state. On the other hand, with 2-propanol, DNA exhibits monotonous shrinkage into a compact state. Stretching experiments under direct current (DC) electrical potential revealed that single DNA molecules intermediately shrunk by 1- and 2-propanol exhibit intrachain phase segregation, i.e., coexistence of elongated and compact parts. The characteristic effect of 1-propanol causing the reentrant transition is argued in terms of the generation of water-rich nanoclusters.