Optimization of Machining Parameters for Improving Accuracy of Dimension and Shape of Bent Part in Rotary Draw Bending

This study dealt with the rotary draw bending method most used for tube bending and investigates how applied bending such as normal bending, using mandrels or pressing with booster have an effect on machining accuracy, focusing on dimensional defects due to springback and flat deformation to the transverse plane. The study used particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms to investigate the optimal machining conditions for improving the accuracy of dimension and shape of a bent part. The following findings were obtained: The springback during applied machining using a mandrel, or using a mandrel and booster together, is almost the same as during normal processing; The flattening near the center of the bend in applied processing using a mandrel, or a mandrel and booster together, decreases more than with normal processing at mandrel protrusion L ≥ 4 mm, and the maximum can be suppressed to approximately 0.15%; When the sum of the springback and the flattening is taken as the objective function and the minimum value is obtained, the optimal solution is around L = 7 mm.

Single-Machine Scheduling Problems with the General Sum-of-Processing-Time and Position-Dependent Effect Function

This paper considers the combination of the general sum-of-processing-time effect and position-dependent effect on a single machine. The actual processing time of a job is defined by functions of the sum of the normal processing times of the jobs processed and its position and control parameter in the sequence. We consider two monotonic effect functions: the nondecreasing function and the nonincreasing function. Our focus is the following objective functions, including the makespan, the sum of the completion time, the sum of the weighted completion time, and the maximum lateness. For the nonincreasing effect function, polynomial algorithm is presented for the makespan problem and the sum of completion time problem, respectively. The latter two objective functions can also be solved in polynomial time if the weight or due date and the normal processing time satisfy some agreeable relations. For the nondecreasing effect function, assume that the given parameter is zero. We also show that the makespan problem can remain polynomially solvable. For the sum of the total completion time problem and a 1 is the deteriorating rate of the jobs, there exists an optimal solution for a 1 ≥ M ; a V-shaped property with respect to the normal processing times is obtained for 0 < a 1 ≤ 1 . Finally, we show that the sum of the weighted completion problem and the maximum lateness problem have polynomial-time solutions for a 1 > M under some agreeable conditions, respectively.

Does Cross-Race Contact Improve Cross-Race Face Perception? A Meta-Analysis of the Cross-Race Deficit and Contact

Contact with racial outgroups is thought to reduce the cross-race recognition deficit (CRD), the tendency for people to recognize same-race (i.e., ingroup) faces more accurately than cross-race (i.e., outgroup) faces. In 2001, Meissner and Brigham conducted a meta-analysis in which they examined this question and found a meta-analytic effect of r = −.13. We conduct a new meta-analysis based on 20 years of additional data to update the estimate of this relationship and examine theoretical and methodological moderators of the effect. We find a meta-analytic effect of r = −.15. In line with theoretical predictions, we find some evidence that the magnitude of this relationship is stronger when contact occurs during childhood rather than adulthood. We find no evidence that the relationship differs for measures of holistic/configural processing compared with normal processing. Finally, we find that the magnitude of the relationship depends on the operationalization of contact and that it is strongest when contact is manipulated. We consider recommendations for further research on this topic.

A functional role for eicosanoid-lysophospholipids in activating monocyte signaling

Recently, eicosanoid-lysophospholipids were identified as novel metabolites generated from the direct cyclooxygenase- or lipoxygenase-catalyzed oxidation of 2-arachidonoyl-lysophospholipids produced from either phospholipase A1-mediated hydrolysis of diacyl arachidonoyl-phospholipids or through the cytochrome c-catalyzed oxidative hydrolysis of the vinyl ether linkage of arachidonoyl-plasmalogens. Although the metabolic pathways generating eicosanoid-lysophospholipids have been increasingly appreciated, the signaling functions of eicosanoid-lysophospholipids remain largely unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that 2-12(S)-HETE-lysophospholipids as well as nonesterified 12(S)-HETE are potent lipid mediators that activate THP-1 human monocytic cells to generate tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 8 (IL8). Remarkably, low nanomolar concentrations of 12(S)-HETE-lysophospholipids, but not other oxidized signaling lipids examined activated THP-1 cells resulting in the production of large amounts of TNFα. Moreover, TNFα release induced by 12(S)-HETE-lysophospholipids was inhibited by the TNFα converting enzyme inhibitor TAPI-0 indicating normal processing of TNFα in THP-1 cells stimulated with these agonists. Western blotting analyses revealed that 12(S)-HETE-lysophospholipids activated the phosphorylation of NFκB p65, suggesting activation of the canonical NFκB signaling pathway. Importantly, activation of THP-1 cells to release TNFα was stereoselective with 12(S)-HETE favored over 12(R)-HETE. Furthermore, the EC50 of 2-12(S)-HETE-lysophosphatidylcholine in activating THP-1 cells was 2.1 nm, whereas the EC50 of free 12(S)-HETE was 23 nm. Additionally, lipid extracts of activated platelets were separated by RP-HPLC demonstrating the coelution of 12(S)-HETE with fractions initiating TNFα release. Collectively, these results demonstrate the potent signaling properties of 2-12(S)-HETE-lysophospholipids and 12(S)-HETE by their ability to release TNFα and activate NFκB signaling thereby revealing a previously unknown role of 2-12(S)-HETE-lysophospholipids in mediating inflammatory responses.

THE MODEL OF OPTIMAL RADIOELECTRONIC STATIONS DEPLOYMENT IN THE MILITARY FIELD COMMUNICATION SITE

There are two main problems during deployment of military field (mobile) communication site: 1) compact deployment radioelectronic stations (RESs) in communication site, 2) take into account of electromagnetic compatibility for normal processing of communication site that electric-field strength should be not exceed allowable standard. The necessity of packaged deployment is important especially for combat activities in mountains regions. In this case, hills and elevations can make worse a radio communication. Therefore, RESs should be deployed such that there are not natural obstacles between them. In given paper, there has been analysis of electric field superposition impact of all RES on each separate one for given radiation frequency range. The mathematical model of RES deployment with minimal distance between them with taking into account allowable standard of electric-field strength has been developed and offered. The program algorithm of calculation of RES deployment in the field communication site has been developed

Utilisation of the REA-method to a Convective Drying of Apple Rings at Ambient Temperature

This study focuses on the convective drying of apple rings by air at ambient temperature. The lumped reaction engineering approach (REA) model has been employed to determine the rate of drying for apple rings under forced convection considered as a normal processing regime. The algorithm implies origination of the activation energy curve from accurate ‘reference’ measurements of the drying rate under natural convection conditions. Mass transfer coefficients for the apple ring samples required for the model implementation were obtained in a series of experiments under natural and forced conditions. These were compared to the values of mass transfer coefficients obtained from numerical simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics® software. The study extends the application of REA for the limiting simplest case of convective drying of thick samples under ambient temperature conditions.

Pipelined Image Reconstruction of SAR Radar Based on Orthogonal Matching Pursuit using FPGA Implementation

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging methods is an interesting field in remote sensing. Nowadays, the Orthogonal Matching Pursuit Compressive Sensing (OMP) algorithm is applied on the reconstruction of data that are produced by SAR. The OMP is iterative algorithm that needs high time consumption and processing delay. This issue is considered one of the main problems that face the designers of the SAR systems that how to speed up the performance of the system to be more applicable. This paper provides an applicable pipelined processing technique for the OMP compressive sensing algorithm to speed up the compression and reconstruction of SAR Image Data. Based on the goal of this paper, it is possible to reduce the time processing of the OMP as every clock a new process will be started and it is not required to wait the certain process to be finished. The good-resolution images of the SAR are used for mapping, identification and other applications. This article defines the compressive sensing algorithms and it also discusses the design, analysis of the proposed pipelined processing method for one of the CS algorithms to reduce the consumed time using FPGA implementation. Moreover, the paper includes the implementation of the both normal processing and the proposed pipelined processing for the used algorithm. Finally, a comparison between the two algorithms is presented to evaluate the performance.

Design and Implementation of Pipelined AES Encryption System using FPGA

Nowadays, the data encryption became very important because of the usage of the data transmission in all the filed. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) that known as Rijndael algorithm is one of the most common encryption algorithms. The AES consists of 9 rounds in addition to the initial and final rounds that makes the AES consumes much time for encrypting the data. Of course the time consumption is considered one of the problems that face the information security. The more time the encryption system consumes to encrypt the data, the more chances increase for the hackers to break into the system. In this work, we find a new technique that can be used to increase the performance speed of the advanced encryption standard. The proposed algorithm methodology depends on the pipelined processing method for the processing time reduction. The paper includes a discussion of the design, the analysis and the implementation using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) of the pipelined method to reduce the consumed numbers of clocks and speed up the processes. The AES is used to protect information and encrypt sensitive data and used in satellites, missiles, military application and other critical application. The paper describes the AES encryption system algorithm and the implementation of both the normal processing and the pipelined processing, and finally a comparison between the two algorithms.

An Alzheimer's Disease-Linked Loss-of-Function CLN5 Variant Impairs Cathepsin D Maturation, Consistent with a Retromer Trafficking Defect

ABSTRACT In a whole-exome sequencing study of multiplex Alzheimer's disease (AD) families, we investigated three neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis genes that have been linked to retromer, an intracellular trafficking pathway associated with AD: ceroid lipofuscinosis 3 (CLN3), ceroid lipofuscinosis 5 (CLN5), and cathepsin D (CTSD). We identified a missense variant in CLN5 c.A959G (p.Asn320Ser) that segregated with AD. We find that this variant causes glycosylation defects in the expressed protein, which causes it to be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum with reduced delivery to the endolysosomal compartment, CLN5's normal cellular location. The AD-associated CLN5 variant is shown here to reduce the normal processing of cathepsin D and to decrease levels of full-length amyloid precursor protein (APP), suggestive of a defect in retromer-dependent trafficking.

Phase-dependent suppression of beta oscillations in Parkinson’s disease patients

Synchronized oscillations within and between brain areas facilitate normal processing, but are often amplified in disease. A prominent example is the abnormally sustained beta-frequency (~20Hz) oscillations recorded from the cortex and subthalamic nucleus of Parkinson’s Disease patients. Computational modelling suggests that the amplitude of such oscillations could be modulated by applying stimulation at a specific phase. Such a strategy would allow selective targeting of the oscillation, with relatively little effect on other activity parameters. Here we demonstrate in awake, parkinsonian patients undergoing functional neurosurgery, that electrical stimulation arriving on consecutive cycles of a specific phase of the subthalamic oscillation can suppress its amplitude and coupling to cortex. Stimulus-evoked changes in spiking did not have a consistent time course, suggesting that the oscillation was modulated independently of net output. Phase-dependent stimulation could thus be a valuable strategy for treating brain diseases and probing the function of oscillations in the healthy brain.