orthopedic diseases
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

122
(FIVE YEARS 45)

H-INDEX

8
(FIVE YEARS 1)

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Huanzhi Ma ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Jun Shi

Osteonecrosis is one of the most refractory orthopedic diseases, which seriously threatens the health of old patients. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) and microarray analysis have confirmed as an effective way for investigating the pathological mechanism of disease. In this study, GSE7716, GSE74089, and GSE123568 were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by R language. Subsequently, the DEGs were analyzed with Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment. Moreover, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was analyzed by STRING database and Cytoscape. The results showed that 318 downregulated genes and 58 upregulated genes were observed in GSE7116; 690 downregulated genes and 1148 upregulated genes were screened from 34183 genes in GSE74089. The DEGs involved in progression of osteonecrosis involved inflammation, immunological rejection, and bacterial infection-related pathways. The GO enrichment showed that osteonecrosis was related with extracellular matrix, external encapsulating structure organization, skeletal system development, immune response activity, cell apoptosis, mononuclear cell differentiation, and serine/threonine kinase activity. Moreover, PPI network showed that the progression of osteonecrosis of the femoral head was related with CCND1, CDH1, ESR1, SPP1, LOX, JUN, ITGA, ABL1, and VEGF, and osteonecrosis of the jaw is related with ACTB, CXCR4, PTPRC, IL1B, CXCL8, TNF, JUN, PTGS2, FOS, and RHOA. In conclusion, this study identified the hub factors and pathways which might play important roles in progression of osteonecrosis and could be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of osteonecrosis.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Feifei Xiu ◽  
Guishan Rong ◽  
Tao Zhang

The area of medical diagnosis has been transformed by computer-aided diagnosis (CAD). With the advancement of technology and the widespread availability of medical data, CAD has gotten a lot of attention, and numerous methods for predicting different pathological diseases have been created. Ultrasound (US) is the safest clinical imaging method; therefore, it is widely utilized in medical and healthcare settings with computer-aided systems. However, owing to patient movement and equipment constraints, certain artefacts make identification of these US pictures challenging. To enhance the quality of pictures for classification and segmentation, certain preprocessing techniques are required. Hence, we proposed a three-stage image segmentation method using U-Net and Iterative Random Forest Classifier (IRFC) to detect orthopedic diseases in ultrasound images efficiently. Initially, the input dataset is preprocessed using Enhanced Wiener Filter for image denoising and image enhancement. Then, the proposed segmentation method is applied. Feature extraction is performed by transform-based analysis. Finally, obtained features are reduced to optimal subset using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The classification is done using the proposed Iterative Random Forest Classifier. The proposed method is compared with the conventional performance measures like accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and dice score. The proposed method is proved to be efficient for detecting orthopedic diseases in ultrasound images than the conventional methods.


2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Caroline Teixeira Colvero ◽  
Marcelo Luís Schwab ◽  
Dênis Antonio Ferrarin ◽  
Angel Ripplinger ◽  
Mathias Reginatto Wrzesinski ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT: This retrospective study described the therapeutic modalities used for the rehabilitation of cats with neurological and orthopedic diseases and provided data regarding the number of sessions, frequency, and treatment duration; the study also evaluated the modality acceptance by this species. Twenty cats were selected, 11 with neurological diseases and nine with orthopedic conditions. Acute spinal cord trauma and femoral fracture were the most frequently observed neurological (72.7%) and orthopedic (44.4%) conditions, respectively. Manual therapies comprised of passive stretching (PS), passive range of motion (PROM), and bicycle movement (BM) exercises were included in all the protocols.Therapeutic modality acceptance was positive for physical agents, thermotherapy, and hydrotherapy (100%);in manual therapies, it was positive in 40% and partially positive in 60% of cats; in kinesiotherapy, it was positive for all the assisted active exercises and negative for the active exercises. The number of physical therapy sessions significantly influenced the positive acceptance of PS (P < 0.05). The PS, PROM, and BM exercises were the most commonly used modalities; the number of physiotherapy sessions and duration of treatment were higher in cats with neurological diseases, and acceptance was positive in most therapeutic modalities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-71
Author(s):  
Faiz Daud ◽  

Virtual reality (VR) offers patient with a drug free supplement, an alternative or complementary therapy to traditional pain management. VR technology allowing its use in a wide variety of settings in the medicine world. So, we would like to evaluate the current existing evidence supporting VR in pain management. We conducted a systematic review of interventional and observational studies that examined VR applications in pain management between 2010 and 2019. We used Scopus databases, PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid MEDLINE and EBSCOhost to identify the studies using keywords “patient”, “virtual reality”, “medicine” and “pain management”. Data was obtained by two investigators and agreement was reached with the involvement of a third and fourth investigator. Narrative synthesis for all research was done. A total of 451 citations were identified, among which 12 studies met the criteria for inclusion. Studies involve various countries with participant age ranging from 6 to 75 years old. Studies were small, employed different design, instrument and measure for outcome. Studies addressed experimental, acute and chronic pain with four categories of condition which are burn injury, orthopedic diseases and chronic headache. VR was effective during the procedure in experimental and acute pain management. Majority of studies involving VR in painful physical rehabilitation therapy found VR reduced chronic pain and some provide evidence of lasting analgesia effect of VR after therapy. The usage of VR in chronic pain in term of psychological and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) showed improvement of positive mood, emotional and motivation that could lead to improvement of quality of life. VR also useful to elicit findings during painful cervical kinematics assessment in chronic neck pain. VR is a promising technology to be applied in managing chronic and acute pain. Some research showed that VR usage is able to provide lasting effect of analgesia even after VR session. However, there is a need for long term, larger sample sizes and well controlled studies to show clinical and cost-effectiveness for this technology to be used in clinical settings.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
N. S. Fedorova ◽  
R. A. Saleev ◽  
V. N. Viktorov ◽  
N. R. Saleev

Relevance. The social profile of senile people has some differences from other age categories of patients. People of the older age group dream of finding harmony with the outside world, preserving the love of the nearest and dearest and relatives and the opportunity to communicate with the opposite sex. Dental health and the resulting quality of life contributes to this in many ways. A smile, laughter, the ability to talk without feeling embarrassed by splashing saliva, bad breath or visible absence of teeth, taking your favorite food together with the nearest and dearest are the main indicators of their life quality dependent on dental health, without which it is impossible to imagine a modern person High prevalence of dental diseases among senile people cause a high need for making various dental prosthetic structures. Studying dental health of this category of citizens can become a promising area of practical healthcare, a comprehensive study of this issue has determined the relevance and purpose of this publication.Materials and methods. The object of the study was senile people, 75-89 years old, who sought dental orthopedic care in municipal healthcare institutions of Cheboksary, the Chuvash Republic. The sample size was 481 people.Results. It was found that the maximum number of patients in the age group of 75-88 years - 188 persons (39.1%) - had complete absence of teeth, the total number of patients with the first, second, third and fourth classes according to the Kennedy classification of dentition defects was 56 persons (11.6%), 143 persons (29.7%), 79 persons (16.4%), 15 persons (3.2%), respectively. The total number of patients with the first Kennedy subclasses (class 1-3) was 135 persons (33.1%), with the second subclasses – 69 persons (16.9%), with the third subclasses - 53 persons (13.0%). The analysis of dental prosthetic structures mounted in elderly patients showed that the total number of orthopedic structures amounted to 4,615 units, among which there were pin structures - 1,328 units (28.8%); the total number of artificial dental crowns was 1,662 units (36.0%); the total number of prosthetic bridges – 620 units (13.4%); removable laminar dentures in partial loss of teeth – 445 units (9.6%); clasp prostheses – 184 units (4.1%); removable laminar dentures in complete loss of teeth – 376 units (8.1%).Conclusions. All types of dental orthopedic diseases are commonly found in patients of senile age, they had all kinds of dental prosthetic structures made. The choice of the dental prosthetic design used in orthopedic dental rehabilitation was determined by the type of dentition defect and met the principles of rational prosthetics.


2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianning Chen ◽  
Tieyi Yang ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Jin Shao

AbstractOsteoporosis (OP), a common systemic metabolic bone disease, is characterized by low bone mass, increasing bone fragility and a high risk of fracture. At present, the clinical treatment of OP mainly involves anti-bone resorption drugs and anabolic agents for bone, but their long-term use can cause serious side effects. The development of stem cell therapy and regenerative medicine has provided a new approach to the clinical treatment of various diseases, even with a hope for cure. Recently, the therapeutic advantages of the therapy have been shown for a variety of orthopedic diseases. However, these stem cell-based researches are currently limited to animal models; the uncertainty regarding the post-transplantation fate of stem cells and their safety in recipients has largely restricted the development of human clinical trials. Nevertheless, the feasibility of mesenchymal stem cells to treat osteoporotic mice has drawn a growing amount of intriguing attention from clinicians to its potential of applying the stem cell-based therapy as a new therapeutic approach to OP in the future clinic. In the current review, therefore, we explored the potential use of mesenchymal stem cells in human OP treatment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yang Guo ◽  
Chen Chen

There are many kinds of orthopedic diseases with complex professional background, and it is easy to miss diagnosis and misdiagnosis. The computer-aided diagnosis system of orthopedic diseases based on the key technology of medical image processing can locate and display the lesion location area by visualization, measuring and providing disease diagnosis indexes. It is of great significance to assist orthopedic doctors to diagnose orthopedic diseases from the perspective of visual vision and quantitative indicators, which can improve the diagnosis rate and accuracy of orthopedic diseases, reduce the pain of patients, and shorten the treatment time of diseases. To solve the problem of possible spatial inconsistency of medical images of orthopedic diseases, we propose an image registration method based on volume feature point selection and Powell. Through the linear search strategy of golden section method and Powell algorithm optimization, the best spatial transformation parameters are found, which maximizes the normalized mutual information between images to be registered, thus ensuring the consistency of two-dimensional spatial positions. According to the proposed algorithm, a computer-aided diagnosis system of orthopedic diseases is developed and designed independently. The system consists of five modules, which can complete many functions such as medical image input and output, algorithm processing, and effect display. The experimental results show that the system developed in this paper has good results in cartilage tissue segmentation, bone and urate agglomeration segmentation, urate agglomeration artifact removal, two-dimensional and three-dimensional image registration, and visualization. The system can be applied to clinical gout and cartilage defect diagnosis and evaluation, providing sufficient basis to assist doctors in making diagnosis decisions.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingzhi Jing ◽  
Suna Fan ◽  
Xiang Yao ◽  
Yaopeng Zhang

Abstract Bone tissue with strong adaptability is often in a complex dynamical microenvironment in vivo, which is associated with the pathogenesis and treatment of orthopedic diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to investigate the effects of corresponding compound stimulation on cell behaviors. Herein, a fluid shear stress (FSS) plus ultrasound stimulation platform suitable for cell studies based on a microfluidic chip was constructed and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) was chosen as a model cell. The proliferation and osteogenesis of BMSCs under the compound stimulation of FSS plus ultrasound in growth medium without any soluble induction factors were firstly investigated. Single FSS stimulation and static culture conditions were also examined. Results illustrated that suitable single FSS stimulation (about 0.06 dyn/cm2) could significantly enhance cell proliferation and osteogenesis simultaneously when compare to the static control, while greater FSS mitigated or even restricted these enhancing effects. Interestingly, ultrasound stimulation combined with this suitable FSS stimulation further accelerated cell proliferation as the intensity of ultrasound increasing. As for the osteogenesis under compound stimulation, it was relatively restricted under lower ultrasound intensity (about 0.075 W/cm2), while promoted when the intensity became higher (about 1.75W/cm2). This study suggests that both the cell proliferation and osteogenesis are very responsive to the magnitudes of FSS and ultrasound stimulations and can be both significantly enhanced by proper combination strategies. Moreover, these findings will provide valuable references for the construction of effective cell bioreactors and also the treatment of orthopedic diseases.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Xiaolin Li

Abstract Background: It is reported that DPP4 is associated with bone metabolism, osteoporosis and other orthopedic diseases, but the correlation between DPP4 and osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is not clear. It was the purpose of this study that was to explore the relationship between DPP4 gene and ONFH.Methods: We genotyped four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from DPP4 gene using the Agena MassARRAY platform. The association between DPP4 variants and ONFH susceptibility was assessed using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) via logistic regression. Results: The results showed that the allele C of rs16822665 was related to a lower risk of ONFH (OR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.63-0.92, p = 0.006). In the case of stratified analysis, we found that rs16822665 could reduce the incidence of ONFH risk in four genetic models (dominant, codominant, log-additive, and recessive models) in drinkers and people age ≤51 years (p < 0.05). In gender stratification analysis, both rs2268694 and rs16822665 were contributed to bring down the risk of disease, which were mainly reflected in the codominant, dominant and log-additive models in female (p < 0.05). The subgroup analysis was conducted based on smokers revealing that rs2268894 was vitally correlated with a decreased risk of ONFH in the codominant (C vs. T: OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.34-0.76, p = 0.001), dominant (TC-CC vs. TT: OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.36-0.77, p = 0.001), and log-additive (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48-0.88, p = 0.006) models, while it was not found in the non-smokers.Conclusions: This finding provide evidence that DPP4 variants play a key role in the occurrence of ONFH among the Chinese Han population.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document