Monitoring of Eccentric Hamstring Strength and Eccentric Derived Strength Ratios in Judokas from a Single Weight Category

Background: This study was designed to perform isokinetic knee testing of male judokas competing in the under 73 kg category. The main aims were: to establish the concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) strength profile of hamstrings (H) and CON profile of quadriceps (Q) muscles; to evaluate the differences in CON and ECC peak torques (PT) with various strength ratios and their bilateral asymmetries; the calculation of the dynamic control ratio (DCR) and H ECC to CON ratio (HEC); Methods: 12 judokas competing on a national and international levels with a mean age of 19 ± 4 years, a weight of 75 ± 2 kg and with a height of 176 ± 5 cm were tested. All the subjects were right-hand dominant. Isokinetic testing was performed on iMOMENT, SMM isokinetic machine (SMM, Maribor, Slovenia). The paired t-test was used to determine the difference between paired variables. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05; Results: Statistical differences between left (L) and right (R) Q PT (L 266; R 241 Nm), H ECC PT (L 145; R 169 Nm), HQR (L 0.54; R 0.63), DCR (L 0.55; R 0.70), HEC (L 1.02; R 1.14) and PTQ/BW (L 3.57; R 3.23 Nm/kg) were shown. Bilateral strength asymmetries in CON contraction of 13.52% ± 10.04 % for Q, 10.86% ± 7.67 % for H and 22.04% ± 12.13% for H ECC contraction were shown. Conclusions: This study reports the isokinetic strength values of judokas in the under 73 kg category, emphasising eccentric hamstring strength and eccentric derived strength ratios DCR and HEC. It was shown that asymmetries are better detected using eccentric testing and that the dominant leg in judokas had stronger eccentric hamstring strength resulting in higher DCR and HEC.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Coatings on Cutting Force in Turning of C45 Steel

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma15020590 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 590

Author(s):

Jaroslav Kovalčík ◽

Petr Mašek ◽

Jan Malý ◽

Pavel Kožmín ◽

Jiří Syrovátka

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Cutting Force ◽

Correction Factor ◽

Cutting Speed ◽

Model Material ◽

T Test ◽

Cutting Edge ◽

Percentage Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Paired T Test

This article focuses on the development of a mathematical model of a cutting force that is applicable for coated and uncoated cutting tool inserts and aims to enable more accurate calculation of the cutting force. Two common PVD coatings, AlTiN and TiAlCrN, were used. Firstly, a mathematical model of the cutting force based on the specific cutting force and cutting area is proposed. This mathematical model considers the cutting speed and coating correction factor as well as the real cutting edge geometry, i.e., it includes both the straight and rounded parts of the cutting edge. For this proposed model, material constants for C45 steel, which was machined with uncoated inserts, were obtained. Before determining an equation for a coating correction factor and implementing it into the model, experimental cutting force data for coated and uncoated inserts were compared using a paired t-test. The result was that the difference between them was statistically significant. Their percentage difference was found to be up to 4%. The correction factor equation that was obtained and implemented into the mathematical model was applied to compare the calculated and experimental data of the coated inserts, also using a paired t-test. The result was that the difference between them was insignificant. Moreover, their percentage difference was found to be up to 0.6%.

Download Full-text

Peningkatan Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Hamil Anemia dengan Kombinasi Pemberian Tablet Fe dan Madu

Jurnal Kesehatan ◽

10.26630/jk.v12i2.2440 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 242

Author(s):

Ahmady Ahmady ◽

Zulhaini Sartika A. Pulungan ◽

Edi Purnomo

Keyword(s):

Experimental Research ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Natural Material ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Group Design ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Difference ◽

Paired T Test

The problem for pregnant women is iron anemia. The natural material that contains iron is honey. The study aims to determine the difference in hemoglobin levels in pregnant anemic who are supplemented Fe tablets and honey. Quasi-experimental research with nonrandomized pretest and posttest with control group design. Samples amounted to 30 people with purposive sampling technique. Analysis using paired t-test and independent sample t-test. The hemoglobin levels of anemic pregnant given Fe tablets only increased by 0,31gr/dl (3,21%), while those given Fe tablets and honey increased 1,06gr/dl (12,20%). Combination Fe tablets and honey can be an alternative for increasing hemoglobin in anemic pregnant.

Download Full-text

PERBEDAAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH PADA AKSEPTOR KB SUNTIK 1 DAN 3 BULAN

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/jen.v2i3.1975 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 270

Author(s):

Anne Rufaridah ◽

Kurnia Putri ◽

Ayuro Cumayunaro ◽

Sidaria Sidaria

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Mean Value ◽

T Test ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Weight Gains ◽

The Difference ◽

Injectable Contraceptives ◽

Paired T Test

Injection method is the most widely used contractive because the usage are safe, simple, effective and practice as long as the high these acceptor it is certaily followed by complain of side effects such weight changes, the purpose study uses an analitic with cross sectional approach. The population where 188 people where the acceptor injection contraceptives the sample amounted to 33 clients in each acceptor of 1 and 3 month the data collection are demographic data and questionaire sheet and it was analyzed by paired t-test and independent t-test. The result of this study showed that most of then were totally weight gains wich the difference mean value between pretest and postest the acceptor KB of 1 month is 3,71 kg/m² the while a mean value of the acceptor 3 months is 5,10 kg/m² those means there were a change of impact on weight gains amoung the acceptor KB of 1 and 3 months. While the value of independent t-test showed p=0,021 (p>0,05). Baced on these results it can be concluded that there were significantly difference wight changes between and acceptor injectable contraceptives 1 and 3 month expecte.

Download Full-text

PERBEDAAN PH SALIVA ANTARA BERKUMUR DAN TANPA BERKUMUR AIR PUTIH SETELAH MENGUNYAH MAKANAN BERKARBOHIDRAT SEDERHANA

Andalas Dental Journal ◽

10.25077/adj.v4i1.50 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 67-77

Author(s):

Miftahul Jannah ◽

Hidayati Hidayati ◽

Afriwardi Afriwardi

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

T Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Salivary Ph ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Difference ◽

Simple Carbohydrates ◽

Paired T Test ◽

Simple Carbohydrate

The Difference Of Salivary pH Between Rinsing and without Rinsing with Drinking Water After Chewing Simple Carbohydrate. Salivary pH is one of indicator in oral health. One factor that influences salivary pH is diet. Diet simple carbohydrates decrease salivary pH. Rinsing with drinking water suspected that can increase salivary pH. to know how the difference of salivary pH between rinsing and without rinsing with drinking water after chewing simple carbohydrates. Quasi experimental used with pre test and post test design on 40 students as samples. The measurement of salivary pH was done by digital pH meter “Pen Type pH tester”. The test which was used was paired T-test. The result Showed that Salivary pH the rinsing group after chewing was 6.96 ± 0.52 and 7.02 ±0,50 without rinsing. Salivary pH after rinsing minutes to 5 was 6.94 ± 0.52 and 6.79 ±0.52 without rinse. The pH of saliva rinsing the 20th minute was 7.12 ± 0.49 and 6.89 ± 0.50 without rinsing. The results of Paired t-test showed the significant difference from the salivary pH to 5th minute after rinsing and without rinsing with chewing simple carbohydrate foods with p <0.05 (p = 0.009) but, there was no significant difference of salivary pH in the 20th minute and 5 minutes after rinsing and without rinsing with p> 0.05 (p = 0.140). rinsing by using drinking water can increase the salivary pH after chewing simple carbohydrate foods. Keywords: Rinsing drinking water, Simple Carbohydrates, Salivary pH

Download Full-text

PERBANDINGAN PEMBERIAN BUFFERED PEHAKAIN DENGAN FRESHLY MIXED LIDOKAIN- EPINEFRIN PADA PERSEPSI NYERI KARENA INFILTRASI ANESTESI LOKAL

Biomedika ◽

10.23917/biomedika.v4i2.256 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ratih Pramuningtyas

Keyword(s):

Pain Score ◽

Surgical Procedures ◽

Local Anesthetic ◽

T Test ◽

Avoidance Behaviors ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Local Anesthetic Infiltration ◽

Paired T Test ◽

Treatment Subject

Over the last decade, there has been a rise in the number of surgical procedures being perfomed under local anethesia. The infiltration of the local anesthetic is the most painful part of this procedures, and pain associations can develop into avoidance behaviors in future procedures. Several techniques were used to reduce the pain of local anesthetic infiltration. The objective of this study is comparing the effect of Buffered Pehacaine versus freshly mixed lidocaine-epinephrin in reducing the pain of local anesthetic infiltration. Six subject were recruited for this study. Each subject was received 2 kind of treatment. Subject rated pain using Visual Analog Score. Pain score were compared using paired t test. Sixty seven percent (67%) subjects reported that pain of infiltration was lower in Buffered pehacaine than freshly mixed lidocaine-epinephrine. The difference was not statistically significant. There are no significant difference between Buffered Pehacaine versus freshly mixed lidocaine-epinephrin in reducing the pain of local anesthetic infiltrationKeywords : local anesthetic infiltration, lidocaine, pehacaine

Download Full-text

Perbedaan Tingkat Daya Tahan Kardiorespirasi Pada Peserta Ekstrakulikuler Bolavoli dan Bola Basket

Jendela Olahraga ◽

10.26877/jo.v5i2.6183 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 114-121

Author(s):

Jeff Agung Perdana ◽

Yudo Harvianto

Keyword(s):

Human Activities ◽

Female Students ◽

T Test ◽

Test Method ◽

Male Students ◽

Significance Level ◽

Fitness Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Paired T Test

Cardiorespiratory endurance in sports is very important. Because cardiorespiration is closely related to human activities doing work and moving. This research is motivated by cardiorespiratory fitness which is closely related to human activities doing work and moving and exercising. This study aims to determine the differences in cardiorespiration endurance among students who take extracurricular volleyball and basketball. This study uses a comparative research design with the test method. The subjects of this study were 19 basketball basketball extracurricular students and 20 volleyball extracurricular students. Data collection techniques in this study used a measurement test. The instrument used in this study was a multistage fitness test. The analysis technique used is the t-test (Paired t-Test). The results of statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference between cardiorespiration endurance between students who took extracurricular volleyball and basketball with male students t count = 3.354 greater than t (0.05) (9) = 2.36 and female students that t arithmetic = 3.053 is greater than t (0.05) (8) = 2.31 at a significance level of 5%. The difference in cardiorespiration endurance between students who take extracurricular volleyball and basketball is male students by 13.31% and female students 18.64%.Keywords: Basketball, volleyball, cardiorespiration, Sport, Student AbstrakKetahanan kardiorespirasi dalam berolahraga sangatlah penting. Sebab kardiorespirasi erat kaitannya dengan kegiatan manusia melakukan pekerjaan dan bergerak. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kebugaran kardiorespirasi yang erat kaitannya dengan kegiatan manusia melakukan pekerjaan dan bergerak serta berolahraga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaaan daya tahan kardiorespirasi antara peserta didik yang mengikuti ekstrakutikuler bolavoli dan bolabasket. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kompratif dengan metode tes. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 19 siswa ekstrakurikuler bolabasket dan 20 siswa ekstrakurikuler bola voli. Teknik pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes pengukuran. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah multistage fitness test. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu uji-t ( Paired t-Test ). Hasil analisis statistika diperoleh hasil bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara daya tahan kardiorespirasi antara peserta didik yang mengikuti ekstrakutikuler bolavoli dan bolabasket dengan siswa putra t hitung = 3,354 lebih besar dari t(0,05)(9) = 2,36 dan siswa putri bahwa t hitung = 3,053 lebih besar dari t(0,05)(8) = 2,31 pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Perbedaan daya tahan kardiorespirasi antara peserta didik yang mengikuti ekstrakutikuler bolavoli dan bolabasket adalah siswa putra sebesar 13,31% dan siswa putri 18,64%.Kata kunci: Bola basket, bola voli, kardiorespirasi, olahraga, siswa

Download Full-text

REKONSTRUKSI BATAS BIDANG TANAH MENGGUNAKAN JARINGAN REFERENSI SATELIT PERTANAHAN

BHUMI Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan ◽

10.31292/jb.v1i1.45 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 99-112

Author(s):

Kariyono Kariyono ◽

Eko Budi Wahyono ◽

Tanjung Nugroho

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Lateral Displacement ◽

T Test ◽

A Posteriori ◽

Post Processing ◽

Coordinate Transfer ◽

The Difference ◽

Transfer Method ◽

Level Of Significance

Abstract: ORS is a GNSS station operating continuously for 24 hours. It is also used as a reference for determining a, both asa real time and as post-processing. Cors in BPN RI is known as Jaringan Referensi Satelit Pertanahan (JRSP). BPN RI has notyet optimized the use JRSP to reconstruct parcel boundaries. The research is aimed at examine the JRSP in reconstructingparcel boundaries. The analysis on lateral displacement tolerance and the difference on the area of parcles was based ontechnical guidance of PMNA/KBPN No. 3 of 1997 and the t test using the level of significance of ( )=5%. The resultswere:1)The reconstruction of parcels using JSRP can be done by firstly implementing the coordinate transfer and the mostaccurate Helmert coordinate transfer method using a posteriori variance of ( ) = 1.143020313; 2) The lateral transformationand the difference on parcel areas using JRSP suited the tolerance and the result of the t test did not show anysignificance level of ( ) = 5% .Keywords: reconstruction, parcel boundaries, JRSPAbstrak: CORS merupakan stasiun GNSS yang beroperasi secara kontinyu selama 24 jam sebagai acuan penentuan posisi, baiksecara real time maupun post-processing. CORS di BPN RI dikenal sebagai Jaringan Referensi Satelit Pertanahan (JRSP). BPN RIbelum mengoptimalkan pelaksanaan rekonstruksi batas bidang tanah menggunakan JRSP. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalahuntuk menguji JRSP dalam pelaksanaan rekonstruksi batas bidang tanah. Analisis terhadap toleransi pergeseran lateral danperbedaan luas bidang tanah hasil rekonstruksi batas bidang tanah menggunakan JRSP berdasarkan Juknis PMNA/KBPN No 3tahun 1997 dan uji t dengan taraf signifikansi ( )=5%. Hasil penelitian ini adalah : 1)Rekonstruksi batas bidang tanah tanahmenggunakan JRSP dapat di laksanakan dengan terlebih dahulu melaksanakan transformasi koordinat dan metode transformasikoordinat yang paling teliti adalah metode Helmert dengan varian posteriori ( ) = 1.143020313; 2)Pergeseran lateral danperbedaan luas bidang tanah hasil rekonstruksi batas bidang tanah menggunakan JRSP memenuhi syarat toleransi dan dari uji tdengan taraf signifikansi ( ) = 5% tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan.Kata Kunci: Rekonstruksi, Batas Bidang Tanah , JRSP

Download Full-text

Comparisons of Proximal Vergence Measures

Vision Development & Rehabilitation ◽

10.31707/vdr2020.6.3.p252 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 252-263

Keyword(s):

Eye Movement ◽

Refractive Error ◽

Measurement Method ◽

Clinical Utility ◽

T Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Paired T Test ◽

Vergence Eye Movement

Background: Proximal vergence is defined as a vergence eye movement subtype driven by an “awareness of nearness”. The purpose of this experiment was to compare values of proximal vergence calculated with and without measures of accommodation to assess the clinical utility of each measurement method. Methods: Thirteen participants between the ages of 22 and 37 (mean = 28.5 ± 4.5 years) were enrolled. The distance and near heterophoria were measured using the Modified Thorington technique. The near heterophoria was measured under three randomized viewing conditions (no lenses, +1.00D lenses, +2.50D lenses). Refractive error was measured with an autorefractor. Proximal vergence was calculated as the difference in calculated (far-near) and gradient (+1.00) stimulus AC/A ratios (stimulus AC/A differencing method), the difference in calculated and gradient response AC/A ratios (response AC/A differencing method), and the change in vergence from distance to near with the +2.50D lenses (uncorrected +2.50D method). This latter value was also corrected for any active accommodation with +2.50D lenses (corrected +2.50D method). Results: The mean proximal vergence values (Δ) were 7.82 ± 5.98 (stimulus AC/A differencing method), 8.29 ± 3.30 (response AC/A differencing method), 6.23 ± 3.52 (uncorrected +2.50D method), and 5.13 ± 2.98 (corrected +2.50D method). The only comparison that showed both a significant correlation (p<0.05) and a non-significant difference from the paired t-test (p>0.05) was that between the stimulus AC/A differencing method and the uncorrected +2.50D method. Conclusions: When response accommodation was accounted for, differences occurred in the mean proximal values obtained with the various methods. The means of the methods most likely to be used clinically (stimulus AC/A differencing method and uncorrected +2.50D method) were similar, although some individuals demonstrated significant differences between these methods.

Download Full-text

The Difference Between Unfixed and Postfixation Placental Weight

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/aqz033 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 152 (2) ◽

pp. 217-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rosemary Tambouret ◽

William R Jeck ◽

Drucilla J Roberts

Keyword(s):

Reference Values ◽

Gestational Age ◽

T Test ◽

Placental Weight ◽

Significant Gain ◽

Fresh State ◽

Reference Weight ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

Paired T Test

ABSTRACT Objectives Reference values for placental weights correlated with gestational age are used in surgical pathology. Most reference values were established for fresh placentas. Some laboratories routinely fix all placentas, bringing into question the accuracy of the reference weight values. We wanted to determine the impact of fixation on placental weight. Methods One hundred placentas from uncomplicated pregnancies were weighed in the fresh state, after removal of the cord and membranes. After fixation in formalin for 1 day and 5 days, the placentas were reweighed. The change in weight for each placenta was analyzed by a two-tailed paired t test. Results Statistically, a small but significant gain in weight occurred after 24 hours (3.7%, P << .001), and there was no significant change identified in the additional 4 days (P = .51). Nine placentas lost weight with fixation; the weight of four was unchanged. Conclusions We consider formalin fixation to add a statistically significant but clinically negligible amount of weight to the placenta.

Download Full-text

MRI Cervical Image Analysis with Fat Suppression Techniques Between Sequent Turbo Invers Recovery Magnitude (TIRM) and Fat Saturations (Fat Sat) on Degenerative Disc Disease at Haji Hospital Surabaya

Indonesian Applied Physics Letters ◽

10.20473/iapl.v2i1.28301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Vita Arinda Ayu Putri Nata ◽

Suryani Dyah Astuti ◽

R. Arif Wibowo

Keyword(s):

Image Quality ◽

Intervertebral Discs ◽

T Test ◽

Test Results ◽

Disc Disease ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Patients ◽

The Difference ◽

Fat Suppression Techniques ◽

Paired T Test

This study aimed to analyze the difference of image information and determine the better image quality between the Turbo Invers Recovery Magnitude (TIRM) and Fat Saturation (Fat Sat) techniques on cervical MRI examination at Haji Hospital Surabaya. The samples of this study were one female and three male patients. The obtained data were ROI of the vertebral body tissue, intervertebral discs, spinal cord, and then calculated as SNR and CNR values. SNR and CNR values were statistically tested using Paired T-Test on SPSS 2.5. The Paired T-Test results showed a significant difference between the TIRM and Fat Sat techniques, p>0.05. SNR and CNR average values also proved that the Fat Sat technique had more optimal image quality than the TIRM technique.

Download Full-text