scholarly journals To Domesticate or to Foreignize: An Approach to Translating Fables and Fairy Tales

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (45) ◽  
pp. 26-52
Author(s):  
Ala’a Jasim Obaid ◽  
◽  
Bayda Ali Al-Obaydi
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
The Third ◽  
Written Form ◽  
To Come ◽  
Ultimate Purpose ◽  
Two Age Groups

The present study deals with the strategies used in the Arabic translations of the most popular genres of children’s literature; namely fairy tales and fables as an attempt to identify the best methods and strategies to be adopted in translating these genres to fulfill the ultimate purpose of enriching the children’s knowledge in addition to attracting their interest and arousing the joy sought for in every piece of literature. The study sets off from three dominating trends: the first calls for the adoption of domestication strategy of translation as the most appropriate and effective strategy in translation for children. In the same line, the second opposes using the foreignization strategy, while the third trend advocates for the joint employment of various strategies to fulfill certain requirements and needs that would be called upon within the context such as didactic purposes. Throughout the process of examining and verifying the theses of these trends, samples of translations of the genres are chosen based on the most popular and well known fairy tales and fables either circulated in written form or televised as movies or cartoons; namely Hans Christian Andersen’s Fairy Tales and Aesop’s Fables. These samples are subjected to translation quality assessment to come out with a quality statement to highlight their merits and demerits. The receptors’ (children) impact is also sought via conducting a field study that has been designed for children of two age groups defined by specialized scholars as intended receptors of the genre

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in young adults: a comparison between patients in the third and fourth decades of life

2003 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuyoshi Horiuchi ◽  
Yuichiro Tanaka ◽  
Kazuhiro Hongo ◽  
Shigeaki Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fourth Decade ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Two Age Groups

Object. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage rarely occurs in young adults. The aim of this work was to clarify the clinical characteristics of ruptured aneurysms in young adults in the third and fourth decades of life and to compare these two age groups. Methods. The authors retrospectively investigated 2493 patients who underwent surgical repair for ruptured cerebral aneurysms during a 14-year period (1988–2001). There were 25 patients (1%) in the third decade of life and 106 patients (4.3%) in the fourth decade. In general, favorable outcome was achieved in both groups. There were significant differences in the sizes and locations of aneurysms between the two age groups. Among patients in the fourth decade of life, the aneurysm was large and was located more often on the anterior cerebral artery. Conclusions. In this study the authors summarize the clinical characteristics of a large series of 131 young adult patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms. Congenital factors as well as hemodynamic stress may contribute to differences in aneurysm size and location between the two age groups.

scholarly journals Placenta Expulsion-time on Different Age and Breed Cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan ◽  
Yosua Kristian Adi ◽  
Topas Wicaksono Priyo ◽  
Surya Agus Prihatno ◽  
Sri Gustari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Two Age Groups

The third stage of birth is placenta expulsion which can occur about 30 minutes after the release of the fetus but is more likely to occur between 180 to 300 minutes later. This research is expected to provide an understanding about the different time on placenta expulsion, the number of cotyledon and placenta weight that faced up by veterinarian. Cows with a body condition score between 2.5 to 3.5 and ready to give birth from various breeds were used in this study. The results showed that young cows (<5 years old; 366,50 ± 30,97 minutes) significantly had a longer placenta expulsion time than old cows (>5 years old; 251,29 ± 7,55 minutes; p<0,05). While the amount of cotyledon and placenta weight did not differ between the two age groups. Based on breeds, the young Ongole cows showed significant different on placenta expulsion time compared with old ones (397,25 ± 61,60 vs 250,80 ± 14,79 minutes; p<0,05) but had no difference with the young and old crossbreed cows. Young cows need more time for placenta expulsion than the old ones and the young Ongole cows take the longest time compared to other age and breed groups.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of Eimeria mivati Inoculation in Broiler Chicken

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cell Inoculation ◽  
Two Age Groups

The propagation of E. mivati local strain was used single cell inoculation.  The objective of this study was to determine the pathogenicity of Eimeria mivati inoculation in broiler chicken by measuring the growth rate, oocysts production and levels of changes in small intestine.  The chickens were devided into two age groups of infection, three and teen days old.  Each group was received 1x104, 1x105   and 1x106  oocysts/chick.  The chichen were raised in wire cages and sampled accordingly.  Data collected was analyzed using analysis of variance. A large number of oocysts production, intestinal villi lesions and depression of growth rate were seen after infection.  Most of the peak production of oocysts were accured after the 9th day of infection.  However, after the peak production of oocysts,  oocysts production decreased extremely.  The choice of parasitic development were in the surface epithelial cells of the villi and the region dominantly effected was the third anterior of small intestine. The result revealed no significant differences regarding photogenicity findings (P0.05) between chicken aged three and ten days after infected with E. mivati.  

scholarly journals Comparison of Clinical Manifestations and Risk Factors of Death in Two Age Groups Less and More Than 50 Years in Patients with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Sharifipour ◽  
Alireza Koohpaei ◽  
Saeed Shams ◽  
Maryam Rahimi ◽  
Mohammad Aghaali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
The Third ◽  
Two Age Groups

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected more than 180 countries and has killed more than half a million people up to now. Risk factors for death are not yet fully identified. Objectives: The present study aimed at comparing the clinical manifestations and risk factors for death between two groups of patients with COVID-19 aged under and above 50 in Qom Province, Iran. Methods: The current retrospective cohort study was conducted on 178 patients with COVID-19 in Qom Province. Patients were followed up until recovery or death. The source population was divided into four groups, of which 45 patients were randomly enrolled in the study. The first group included patients aged less than 50 discharged after recovery; the second group included patients less than 50 years who died from COVID-19; the third group consisted of patients above 50 discharged after recovery, and the fourth group included patients above 50 who died from COVID-19. The data, including COVID-19 clinical symptoms and presumptive risk factors for death, were collected and compared between groups. Results: The most common symptoms in hospitalized patients were shortness of breath (82.6%), cough (73.6%), and fever (71.9%), respectively. In the age group above 50, the prevalence of fever in the recovered subjects was higher than that of the ones who died from the disease (81.8% Vs. 53.3%). Headache and loss of senses of smell and taste were also more common in both age groups in the recovered subjects. In the age group under 50, subjects who died had higher BMI values, but in the age group above 50, subjects who died had lower BMIs. Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that obesity could be a risk factor for death in the age group under 50. The results also indicated that in both age groups, extrapulmonary symptoms were more common in recovered patients.

Concordance of Glucose-Based and of HbA1c-Based Diagnoses of Diabetes in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Comparison between Two Age Groups

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1522-P
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPH H. SAELY ◽  
ALEXANDER VONBANK ◽  
CHRISTINE HEINZLE ◽  
DANIELA ZANOLIN ◽  
BARBARA LARCHER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Two Age Groups

Foundation for the Prevention and Pathological Aspects of Diseases of the Mucous Membranes of the Oral Cavity (Review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Bakaev Zh. N.
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Two Age Groups

According to the authors, the prevalence of SOPR diseases is from 3 to 20%.In a study of 1573 residents of southern China in two age groups who use tobacco and alcohol, the incidence of SOPR was higher among men living in rural areas compared to urban residents. Among women aged 35-44 years, the incidence was higher in urban women, and in the 65-77-year-old group in rural women. In the course of studies in Brazil, among 335 patients older than 60 years, 646 diseases of the SOPR were identified. Similar results were obtained in the analysis of SOPR diseases in the Volgograd region of the Russian Federation

Internet Sex discourse and porn viewing by Arab adolescents: The overt and the covert and its impact on their sexual education and behavior (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anat Gesser-Edelsburg ◽  
Munawar Abed Elhadi
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Sexual Education ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Sexual Discourse ◽  
Cultural Taboos ◽  
Internet Sex ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Two Age Groups

BACKGROUND Due to the religious proscription, it was found that Arab youths acquire information and view pornography secretly. The internet exposes them to contents that contradict religious and cultural taboos. There are few studies about viewing habits of sexual contents among Arab adolescents and about the way they discuss sexuality. OBJECTIVE to characterize the barriers and difficulties that prevent sexual discourse in Arab society and enable pornography viewing, according to the perceptions of adolescents and mothers. METHODS phenomological qualitative research methods, in-depth interviews with 40 participants. 20 Arab adolescents, sampled by two age groups: 14-16 and 16-18. In addition, 20 mothers of adolescents from both sexes were interviewed. RESULTS The findings indicate that mothers “turn a blind eye” to porn viewing and sexual activity by boys, versus a sweeping prohibition and denial of such behavior by girls. The boys reported viewing porn routinely, whereas girls denied doing so, but admitted that their girlfriends watched porn. The study also found that the boys have guilt feelings during and after the viewing as a result of the clash between modernity and traditional values. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to find a way to encourage a significant sexual discourse to prevent the violent consequences of its absence in Arab society. A controlled, transparent and critical sexual discourse could help youth make more informed decisions concerning the search for sexual contents, porn viewing and sexual behavior.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chakravarthi Ram-Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Phenomenological Tradition ◽  
The Third ◽  
Western Philosophical Tradition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
To Come

The Introduction outlines the various chapters. It then situates the question of ‘body’ in the modern Western philosophical tradition following Descartes, and argues that this leaves subsequent responses to come under one of three options: metaphysical dualism of body and subject; any anti-dualist reductionism; or the overcoming of the divide. Describing the Phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty as a potent example of the third strategy, the Introduction then suggests his philosophy will function as foil to the ecological phenomenology developed and presented in the book. Moreover, one approach within the Western Phenomenological tradition, of treating phenomenology as a methodology for the clarification of experience (rather than the means to the determination of an ontology of the subject) is compared to the approach in this book. Since classical India, while understanding dualism, did not confront the challenge of Descartes (for better or for worse), its treatment of body follows a different trajectory.

scholarly journals A Reduced Dose Whole Virion Aluminum Adjuvanted Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Is Immunogenic, Safe, and Well Tolerated in Pediatric Patients

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
Zoltan Vajo ◽  
Gergely Balaton ◽  
Peter Vajo ◽  
Peter Torzsa
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Aluminum Phosphate ◽  
Vaccine Virus ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Reduced Dose ◽  
Viral Hemagglutinin ◽  
Virus Strains ◽  
Two Age Groups

Background: Data suggest that pediatric patients might react differently to influenza vaccination, both in terms of immunity and side effects. We have recently shown that using a whole virion vaccine with aluminum phosphate adjuvants, reduced dose vaccines containing 6 µg of viral hemagglutinin (HA) per strain are immunogenic, and well tolerated in adult and elderly patients. Here we show the results of a multicenter clinical trial of pediatric patients, using reduced doses of a new, whole virion, aluminum phosphate adjuvanted vaccine (FluArt, Budapest, Hungary). Methods: A total of 120 healthy volunteers were included in two age groups (3–11 years, receiving 3 µg of HA per strain, and 12–18 years, receiving 6 µg of HA per strain). We used hemagglutination inhibition testing to assess immunogenicity, based on EMA and FDA licensing criteria, including post/pre-vaccination geometric mean titer ratios, seroconversion and seropositivity rates. Safety and tolerability were assessed using CHMP guidelines. Results: All subjects entered the study and were vaccinated (ITT population). All 120 subjects attended the control visit on Day 21 (PP population). All immunogenicity licensing criteria were met in both age groups for all three vaccine virus strains. No serious adverse events were detected and the vaccine was well tolerated by both age groups. Discussion: Using a whole virion vaccine and aluminum phosphate adjuvants, a reduction in the amount of the viral hemmaglutinin is possible while maintaining immunogenicity, safety and tolerability in pediatric and adolescent patients.

scholarly journals Five reasons COVID-19 is less severe in younger age groups

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W Turke
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
System Function ◽  
The Third ◽  
Immune System Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Age

Abstract The severity of COVID-19 is age-related, with the advantage going to younger age groups. Five reasons are presented. The first two are well-known, are being actively researched by the broader medical community, and therefore are discussed only briefly here. The third, fourth, and fifth reasons derive from evolutionary life history theory, and potentially fill gaps in current understanding of why and how young and old age groups respond differently to infection with SARS-CoV-2. Age of onset of generalized somatic aging, and the timing of its progression, are identified as important causes of these disparities, as are specific antagonistic pleiotropic tradeoffs in immune system function.

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