Peningkatan pemahaman ibu hamil tentang ASI eksklusif di kelurahan Gedung Johor Medan

: Understanding of pregnant women abouexclusive breastfeeding as evidenced by Exclusive breastfeeding is breastfeeding from birth until the child is 6 months old. During this period children are not expected to get additional fluids, such as formula milk, lemon juice, tea water, honey, and plain water. In exclusive breastfeeding, children are also not given additional food such as bananas, biscuits, rice porridge, teams, and so on. Exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6 months can meet the needs of children, and requires additional food at the age of over 6 months (Maryunani, 2012). The role of midwives in promoting exclusive breastfeeding can be started from the time the mother is pregnant. When pregnant women check their pregnancies, pregnant women will get information about the benefits of breastfeeding and how to successfully breastfeed when their babies are born (Atik, 2016). This activity was carried out in juni 2021, the Covid-19 pandemic then the participant who follows there were 20 mother pregnant and this activity went smoothly.

Safety and Efficacy of Specially Designed Texture-Modified Foods for Patients with Dysphagia Due to Brain Disorders: A Prospective Study

Providing texture-modified food for patients with dysphagia is a cornerstone of dysphagia treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a specially designed texture-modified food that can be easily swallowed while maintaining the unique taste by adjusting hardness and adhesiveness in patients with brain disorders using a videofluoroscopic swallowing study. We included 101 patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia due to brain disorders who were referred to the rehabilitation department. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a specially designed texture-modified food, rice gruel was compared with a regular instant rice porridge, and bulgogi mousse was compared with ground bulgogi, which normally serves as a texture-modified diet for patients with dysphagia in our hospital during the videofluoroscopic swallowing study. The Penetration–Aspiration Scale score, oropharyngeal transit time, number of swallows required to maximally eliminate food materials from the oropharyngeal space, and vallecular and pyriform sinus residue after swallowing scale score were compared. Rice gruel required a shorter oropharyngeal transit time and fewer number of swallowing per the given amount of food than regular instant rice porridge; however, no statistical difference was found in the vallecular and pyriform sinus residue after swallowing scale scores and the Penetration–Aspiration Scale scores. Bulgogi mousse required more swallowing and had lower Penetration–Aspiration Scale scores than ground bulgogi; however, no significant difference was found in the oropharyngeal transit time and the vallecular and pyriform sinus residue after swallowing scale scores. The study foods were safe and efficacious compared to control foods usually provided for patients with dysphagia from various brain disorders.

Food-induced anaphylaxis in children up to 3-years-old – preliminary study

Introduction and objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of food-induced anaphylaxis, analyze the symptoms, and triggering factors in a group of youngest children. Also, the study aims to estimate the frequency of anaphylaxis episodes in children in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship region.Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records of 29 children aged 0–3 years that presented symptoms of food-induced anaphylaxis. Medical charts were reviewed using a collection of documents with the clinical data.Results: The frequency of anaphylaxis was determined to be 0.3% of all hospitalized children aged 0–3 years and 1.9% of children suspected of food allergy. The mean age of an anaphylactic reaction was 12±9 months. The most common symptom was mild-moderate urticaria. The respiratory symptoms were significantly more prevalent in toddlers than in infants (p = 0.148). Cardiac symptoms occurred only in the infant group, i.e., in two (11%) infants. As a possible cause of the symptoms, in 18 (62%) cases, parents most often indicated the consumption of milk or milk-rice porridge. Anaphylaxis as the first manifestation of food-allergy was significantly more prevalent in infants than in older children (p = 0.0002).Conclusions: The incidence of anaphylactic reactions rated at 0.3% of all children hospitalized at this age. The most common symptoms of anaphylactic reaction were skin lesions. The primary cause of allergic reactions was cow’s milk after the first exposure at home. Anaphylaxis has different patterns of symptoms depending on the age of the child.

Reduction of Ochratoxin A during the Preparation of Porridge with Sodium Bicarbonate and Fructose

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a potential human carcinogen that poses a significant concern in food safety and public health. OTA has been found in a wide variety of agricultural commodities, including cereal grains. This study investigated the reduction of OTA during the preparation of rice- and oat-based porridge by a simulated indirect steam process. The effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and fructose on the reduction of OTA were also investigated. During the processing, OTA in rice- and oat-porridge was decreased by 59% and 14%, respectively, from initial OTA artificially added at 20 μg/kg (dry weight basis). When 0.5% and 1% of sodium bicarbonate were added to rice porridge, increased reduction of OTA was observed as 78% and 68%, respectively. The same amounts of added sodium bicarbonate also further reduced OTA in oat porridge to 58% and 72%, respectively. In addition, increased reduction of OTA in the presence of fructose was observed. A combination of the two, i.e., 0.5% sodium bicarbonate and 0.5% fructose, resulted in a 79% and 67% reduction in rice porridge and oat porridge, respectively. These results indicate that indirect steaming may effectively reduce OTA in preparation of porridge-type products, particularly when sodium bicarbonate and/or fructose are added.

PENGARUH TRADISI PEMBERIAN NASI PAPAH TERHADAP BOUNDING ATTACHMENT DAN KESEHATAN PADA BAYI USIA 6-12 BULAN DI DESA SAMBORI KECAMATAN LAMBITU

Introduction: Nasi Papah or in Bima language "Oha ra mama" which is food that has been spilled or crushed with the mother's mouth which is then given to the baby. Purpose: to know the influence of rice papah tradition on bounding attachment and health in infants aged 6-12 months in Sambori Village Lambitu District Bima Regency. Method: The design of this study uses a qualitative approach to phenomenological studies against 9 participants based on triangulation techniques. Result: This study produced 4 themes namely: 1) strong body endurance 2) strong wthstand hunger 3) fast satiety 4) not fussy. Conclusion: the administration of MP breast milk in infants aged 6-12 months such as rice porridge containing carbohydrates can be given, as long as it remains concerned about hygienes and the number of portions of food given according to the growth of the baby.

HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN DENGAN PENGETAHUAN ASI EKSKLUSIF PADA IBU HAMIL DI PUSKESMAS WONOGIRI II

ABSTRAKPemberian ASI eksklusif adalah bayi hanya diberi ASI saja, tanpa tambahan cairan lain seperti susu formula, air jeruk, madu, air teh, air putih dan tanpa tambahan makanan padat seperti pisang, pepaya, bubur susu, biskuit, bubur nasi dan tim selama 6 bulan. Rendahnya cakupan keberhasilan pemberian ASI Ekslusif pada bayi, dipengaruhi banyak hal, diantaranya rendahnya pengetahuan dan kurangnya informasi pada ibu dan keluarga mengenai pentingnya pemberian ASI Ekslusif, tata laksana rumah sakit ataupun tempat bersalin yang tidak memberlakukan rooming-in, fasilitas kesehatan memberikan susu formula kepada bayi baru lahir, banyak ibu bekerja yang menganggap repot menyusui sambil bekerja. Di Puskesmas Wonogiri II cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif sampai bulan Oktober 2010 sebanyak 87% dari 72 ibu menyusui bayi 0-6 bulan (Puskesmas Wonogiri II, 2020). Bidan berpendapat pengetahuan ibu tentang ASI eksklusif dimulai sejak ibu hamil, sehingga saat ibu melahirkan ibu sudah banyak pengetahuan, sudah siap memberikan ASI eksklusif sehingga cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pendidikan dengan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang ASI eksklusif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 72 dengan tehnik sampling yang digunakan yaitu total sampling menggunakan kuesioner terbuka 25 item soal untuk menilai pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang ASI eksklusif. Analisa data menggunakan uji chi square untuk menguji hipotesa. Hasil penelitian tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan dengan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang ASI eksklusif. Kesimpulan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang ASI eksklusif tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan.Kata Kunci : Tingkat pendidikan, Pemgetahuan, ASI eksklusif. RELATIONSHIP OF EDUCATION LEVEL WITH EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING KNOWLEDGE IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN WONOGIRI II PRIMARY HEALTH CARE ABSTRACTExclusive breastfeeding means if the baby is only breastfed, without the addition of other fluids such as formula milk, lemon juice, honey, tea water, water and no added solid foods such as bananas, papaya, milk porridge, biscuits, rice porridge and the team for 6 months. The low coverage of the success of exclusive breastfeeding in infants is influenced by many things, including low knowledge and lack of information to mothers and families about the importance of exclusive breastfeeding, hospital management or delivery centers which often do not apply rooming-in, health facilities provide formula milk to newborns, many working mothers find it difficult to breastfeed while working. At the Puskesmas Wonogiri II, coverage of exclusive breastfeeding until October 2010 was 87% of 72 mothers breastfeeding infants 0-6 months. Midwives are of the opinion that the mother's knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding should start from the time the mother is pregnant, so that when the mother gives birth, the mother has a lot of knowledge, is ready to provide exclusive breastfeeding so that the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding increases. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between education level and knowledge of pregnant women about exclusive breastfeeding. The research method used was an analytic survey with a cross sectional approach. The are72 sample with total sampling technique used, and using an open questionnaire with 25 items to assess the knowledge of pregnant women about exclusive breastfeeding. Data analysis used the chi square test to test the hypothesis. The results of the study there was no significant relationship between the level of education and knowledge of pregnant women about exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion, knowledge of pregnant women about exclusive breastfeeding is not only influenced by education. Keyword: Education level, knowledge, exclusive breastfeeding