Um modelo do processo de inovação à luz da Resource-Based View e da teoria do Crescimento da Firma, de Edith Penrose

Objective: To analyze the innovation process in the light of the RBV and The Theory of the Growth of the Firm, by Edith Penrose.Methodology: A Systematic Literature Review was carried out using the Methodi Ordinatio. The Social Network Analysis technique was performed to determine which theoretical contexts the studies were based on. Similarity Analysis was also carried out to identify the relationship between the elements of the focal approaches and the innovation process.Originality/relevance: The Penrose study is considered by many researchers to be the antecedent of what was later called Resource-Based View, however, most of these studies did not fully explain the contribution of Penrose´s theory in the specifics of the theoretical view. Although research on innovation has been based on theoretical approaches in the field of strategy, there have been no analyses that systematized the innovation process by integrating the Penrose theory and RBV.Main results: The studies that analyzed innovation from the RBV and the Theory of the Growth of the Firm emphasized the maintenance of competitive advantage as a result of its dynamic capabilities, as well as access to and use of organizational knowledge.The authors identified heterogeneous innovation resources and imperfectly mobile, such as user-technology interactions, trajectory-dependent capabilities, specialized assets, RD capabilities, and network ties.Theoretical contributions: The study revealed that through the continuous execution of the innovation process, unique core competencies (e.g., RD experience) are developed to improve heterogeneous and imperfectly mobile innovation resources.

The Evolving Arctic in the World-System

Global climate change’s continuing effect on the Arctic has brought about a fundamental shift in the region’s identity as it becomes an ever more active area in the world-system. Economic opportunities such as new shipping routes and a bounty of natural resources that were hitherto ice-locked are becoming accessible as the pace of climate change quickens, garnering increasing attention from actors around the world-system. This article explores the new geopolitical and economic realities of the Arctic through the lens of world-system analysis by examining the region’s budding role in the world-economy and emerging economic opportunities, its unique core-peripheral nature, and its potential to spark a regional hegemonic rivalry between NATO and a Sino-Russian partnership. This article aims introduce the evolving Arctic to world-systems studies and promote further research on the region using the theoretical framework.

Innovation of Enterprise Economic Management Based on Knowledge Economy

The development of economic globalization has put forward new requirements for the economic management of enterprises in China, and in order to occupy an advantage in the fierce international competition, enterprises must innovate enterprise economic management and establish their unique core competitiveness. To this end, this paper focuses on the two aspects of enterprise economic management and enterprise economic management innovation to study and explore.

A core-shell structured COVID-19 mRNA vaccine with favorable biodistribution pattern and promising immunity

Although inoculation of COVID-19 vaccines has rolled out globally, there is still a critical need for safe and effective vaccines to ensure fair and equitable supply for all countries. Here, we report on the development of a highly efficacious mRNA vaccine, SW0123 that is composed of sequence-modified mRNA encoding the full-length SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein packaged in core–shell structured lipopolyplex (LPP) nanoparticles. SW0123 is easy to produce using a large-scale microfluidics-based apparatus. The unique core–shell structured nanoparticle facilitates vaccine uptake and demonstrates a high colloidal stability, and a desirable biodistribution pattern with low liver targeting effect upon intramuscular administration. Extensive evaluations in mice and nonhuman primates revealed strong immunogenicity of SW0123, represented by induction of Th1-polarized T cell responses and high levels of antibodies that were capable of neutralizing not only the wild-type SARS-CoV-2, but also a panel of variants including D614G and N501Y variants. In addition, SW0123 conferred effective protection in both mice and non-human primates upon SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Taken together, SW0123 is a promising vaccine candidate that holds prospects for further evaluation in humans.

A Century of Nonprofit Studies: Scaling the Knowledge of the Field

This empirical study examines knowledge production between 1925 and 2015 in nonprofit and philanthropic studies from quantitative and thematic perspectives. Quantitative results suggest that scholars in this field have been actively generating a considerable amount of literature and a solid intellectual base for developing this field toward a new discipline. Thematic analyses suggest that knowledge production in this field is also growing in cohesion—several main themes have been formed and actively advanced since 1980s, and the study of volunteering can be identified as a unique core theme of this field. The lack of geographic and cultural diversity is a critical challenge for advancing nonprofit studies. New paradigms are needed for developing this research field and mitigating the tension between academia and practice. Methodological and pedagogical implications, limitations, and future studies are discussed.

Polysaccharide Nanocapsules for Drug Delivery Applications, Current Status and Future Perspectives

In recent years pharmaceutical formulations using polymeric nanocapsules have been widely studied for developing novel drug delivery strategies. Nanocapsules provide a unique core-shell nanostructure, consisting of a liquid/solid core surrounded by a polymeric shell. Natural or modified polysaccharides are prime candidates for use as building blocks of the nanocapsule shells, due to their demonstrated safety, versatility and low cost and to the fact that they are widely used as excipients in classical drug formulations. The aim of this paper is to present the recent advances in drug delivery strategies using polysaccharidic nanocapsules and to discuss future opportunities and challenges in developing modern pharmaceutical formulations using such systems.

A crucial review on recent updates of oxidation behavior in high entropy alloys

Recently, High entropy alloys (HEAs) advanced into high-temperature applications as potential candidates by enduring high temperatures with high thermal stability, higher oxidation and corrosion resistances, thermal fatigue, and creep resistances. HEAs acquire unique characteristics called core effects of HEAs: high entropy effect, sluggish diffusion effect, severe lattice distortion, and cocktail effect. HEAs frequently exhibit remarkable properties because of having such unique core effects. Thus, the emergence of HEAs has gained significant interest in the field of materials leading to a contemporary point of discussion on their exciting nature and properties. The current review article intends to summarize the significant works on the oxidation behavior of High entropy alloys (HEAs). Also, peculiar attention has been invested in comprehending oxidation behavior of HEAs in the viewpoint of the crystal structure that is BCC-HEAs, FCC-HEAs and few case studies were compared with the conventional alloys. Current challenges and essential future directions in this field are also pointed out.

Ru doping induces the construction of the unique core-shell microflower self-supporting electrocatalyst for highly efficient overall water splitting

Since the large reaction energy barrier caused by the multi-step electron transfer process of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) gravely restricts the practical application of...

Anchoring porous carbon nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes as a high-performance composite with a unique core-sheath structure for electromagnetic pollution precaution

The enhanced EM absorption performance of the PCNs/CNTs composite benefits from the rational design of the chemical composition and microstructure.