Carnivalesque Theory and Social Networks

Carnivalesque theory has been used as a model and a structure in the works carried out in many fields such as communication, literature, and sociology. In fact, Carnivalesque appears in many environments/areas, particularly in the social networks, which are the manifestation of social life. This chapter examines social networks in the context of carnivalesque theory to reveal facts of carnivalesque in Twitter. Content analysis technique was used in the research. Research data came from 10 Twitter accounts which have a maximum number of followers in Turkey. These data were analyzed and examined in terms of grotesque, dialogism, carnival laughter, upside-down world, marketplace, and marketplace speech belonging to the carnivalesque theory. According to the findings, the structure of Twitter, which is one of the most popular social networks in Turkey, is largely similar to the structure of the carnival and features of carnivalesque theory.

Identity Design and Identities Exhibited in Social Networks

Identity emerges as a flexible, multidimensional, variable, and slippery concept that cannot be defined through the processes of discussion and understanding. The new construction area of this concept, which is regarded as a process constructed on the social plane, is the social networking platforms. This is because these platforms are the most common communication environments where people and their lifestyles are presented to the outside world, in addition to the cheap and rapid satisfaction of their needs for information and entertainment. Face-to-face communication and language practices are not sufficient enough in the identity presentation anymore. Individuals choose to design and update their identities through social networks and to perform an image-based identity manifestation. This chapter examines how identity was established and manifested through social networks, and analyzes the identities the popular people in these networks designed and exhibited.

Visuality in Corporate Communication

One of the most important areas where visual communication is prominent today is marketing. Brands try to adopt to the visual world of today in order to make their communication with their target audience more meaningful and effective. This way, organizations, and therefore brands, take significant steps for differentiation from their competitors by forming their visual identity. Additionally, considering the current advertisements of brands, it is seen that visual narratives are highly abundant. In this context, brands which are starting to use visual communication effectively are gaining a broader place in the memories of their target audience by increasing brand awareness. As a result, it is believed that the significance of visual communication and identity is increasingly higher in terms of influencing existing and potential masses by being integrated into the visual world of today.

Is Somebody Spying on Us?

One of the concepts that have a strong and dominant effect in transforming the culture, individual, and society of social media has been privacy. Everything that belongs to our domestic space in modern times, which should not be known/seen by others, is made public by ourselves in the postmodern age with new media tools. In social networks focusing on vision and surveillance, privacy is restricted, eliminated, or stretched by individuals themselves for the creation of ideal profiles. The privacy settings that a person thinks are under his control seriously affect the way he uses social media. This chapter will try to determine which subject/situation/images are perceived as intimate among university students, and how the boundaries of social media and privacy are drawn and transformed. The study is based on the assumption that the level of privacy awareness and the level of knowledge control influence the quality and frequency of social media sharing of users.

How Is a Country Image and Identitiy Construction Reflected via Discourses in Press?

This chapter is aimed to put the matter of how is a country image able to be constructed in hand through the medium of the online press, by evaluating The New York Times (USA), The Daily Express (England), Spiegel Online International (Germany), and Le Monde Diplomatique (France) in terms of “Turkish image and identity” throughout four months (January-April) in 2019. The author uses Van Dijk's discourse analysis approach that is based on two main principles, macro and micro discourse analysis, and the content analysis technique. It is possible with this evaluation to determine how Turkish image and identity is established and what kinds of images, expressions, and representations are used by the foreign press, as well as their approach to Turkish identity.

Real-Time Marketing as a New Marketing Approach in the Digital Age

Nowadays, in order for brands to respond to consumer expectations, digital media efforts need to be involved in the brand communication process. Brands have a unique way to remind their names in a consumer's mind with real-time marketing. In addition, real-time marketing offers a way to make it easier for marketers to reach their target audiences at a low cost when increasing the speed and functionality of information. In this chapter, real-time marketing posts that have high user interaction on Twitter are handled in the context of their process, content features, and message appeal. Examined were 185 tweets. According to the data obtained, brands are trying to create positive brand image for consumers. Besides, it has been determined that both informational and emotional appeals are used intensively in order to create brand awareness.

A Critical Appraisal of Crime Over Social Networking Sites in the Context of India

An inescapable part of our everyday lives, visual communication is a key driver of engagement on social media. These are redesigned their news feed to allow greater emphasis on visual content, resulting in greater interaction. This chapter discusses the current scenario of cyber and social media crime in India and how the government has incorporated the necessities to fight against it. It will also include the types of social media crime enumerating the provisions of Information Technology Act, Indian Penal Code. Through this chapter, the author discusses the various types of cybercrimes, which are cyber defamation, cyber pornography, cyber stalking, fraudulent transaction and misrepresentation, hacking. The author laid emphasis on what legislations are in action to deal with such crimes and how strictly the offenders are punished. The author also discusses the competency of the present legislation and how the loopholes, if any, can be filled to make the virtual world a better place for everyone.

Journalism and Communication Design in New Media

This chapter emphasizes that the changes and developments in information and communication Technologies are reflected in the field of journalism being integrated into new media. The transformation and development in the new media have changed the traditional practices of the perception and communication design of journalism, leaving its place to the elements that include information-communication and communication design. An effective communication design on human beings shows that information-target, mass-message-communication pieces are the interaction of today's consumer's taste and consumption desire.

Presentation of Visual Culture Elements in Digital Environments With Special Effect Technologies

This chapter is important in terms of the visualization of the meaningful relationships of the digital media which emerge with the integration of technology into the communication processes and the special effects applications which are the other technology that consecrate it. In addition, visual culture is a phenomenon that is shaped by vision-based elements in the attitudes and behaviors that arise from a simple point of view through evaluation and reception process. In this process, there is a dialectical relationship between perceiver and perceived. The most important argument of this dialectical relationship is the images. In this context, this chapter is important in terms of revealing the fact that special effects applications, which are the constituent element of the image in the digital media, which presents the relationship between perceiver and perceived, are presented with simulaks and the individual determines the cultural attitudes and behaviors in these digital environments with these unrealistic images.

Rise of Facebook in the USA and WeChat in China

The owners of Facebook and WeChat repeatedly promote their media as the preferred platform for people to connect. Improving social relationships was marketed as the reason for their innovation. But users' urge to unite on these OSN services alone cannot explain the success of these media in the US and China. There is a different or rather new business approach underpinning these OSN services that contribute to their success. The author argues that there is an implication of owners' profit-based interest in ensuring the popularity of their online platforms. Audience commodity analysis as discussed by Dallas W. Smythe and Christian Fuchs is employed in the contexts of the US and China to comprehend the complex factors related to online social media owners' interest and their negotiation with the government in online media's prosperity. Through archival research including examination of newspapers, policy documents from OSN-based companies, and survey results from 2015 to mid-2018, this chapter demonstrates the political economy of Facebook and WeChat.