The effect of dentist gender on the anxiety level of visiting children

Anxiety and fear of dentistry are some of the common topics among most children. The purpose of this study is to survey the effect of therapist gender on the anxiety of children. Due to considerable hypotheses and questions in this study, the t-dependent method is used to reach results. Zung questionnaire was used for the assessment of children's anxiety to 8 years old age, which was included 20 questions that considered a physical and mental condition of anxiety, which is based on the spectrum scales of not being, low, medium, and high. The statistical community consisted of 60 people obtained through a random selection of samples. The results arising from this study showed that children have more cooperation and calmness with female therapists, and their anxiety is less than the children who were treated by male therapists. Keywords: Children anxiety, therapist, gender, visiting children, dentistry

Investigating the relationship between social networks and social health of students

Social networks are new media and many people, especially students, are unfamiliar with various effects of these networks on their lives; hence, it seems necessary to conduct more research on their effects on students’ lives and health conditions. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between social networks and social health of a group of students. The study used a descriptive-correlational approach. The study population consisted of all the students at Islamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch, Iran, among whom 200 individuals were enrolled using simple random sampling method. Young’s Internet Addiction Test and Keyes’ Social Health Questionnaire were used to collect the data. The data was analyzed using one-sample t-test, Pearson correlation test, and regression analysis. Based on the findings, there was a significant relationship between the students’ social networking activities and their social health. Keywords: Social health; social networks; new media

Symptoms and symptom clusters in adolescents with cancer

Clinical specialists have suggested that adolescents with cancer experience multiple problems including physical, psychological, and emotional symptoms. This study aimed to identify symptoms and symptoms clusters among adolescent inpatients and outpatients receiving cancer treatment. The study’s sample consisted of 26 adolescents who were selected with the purposeful sampling method in a paediatric oncology unit in Edirne, Turkey. Data were collected using the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS). From the results of the research, in terms of symptoms, outpatients reported a greater lack of concentration than inpatients did. Inpatients reported more hair loss and weight loss symptoms than outpatients. Adolescent inpatients and outpatients experienced the most symptoms during the treatment. Inpatient adolescents experienced more acute treatment-related symptoms than did outpatients. The study recommends regular monitoring and screening for nurses to identify symptom and symptom clusters. Keywords: Adolescent; nursing; symptom cluster; symptom assessment; cancer;

Pulmonary complications after open heart surgery: A retrospective study

Despite significant advances in open heart surgery over the last two decades, postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are considered the most important causes that contribute to patient morbidity, mortality and prolonged hospital stay. The ultimate goal of this paper was to investigate the risk factors which increasing the incidence rate of pulmonary complications after open heart surgery of Jordanian patients. A retrospective design using an existing coronary artery surgery database of adults (n = 200) who had undergone open heart surgery between August 2014 and July 2015 at a University Hospital in Jordan. A structured PPCs instrument was used to assess ‘PPCs risk factors assessment sheet’. According to the results, the proposed model provides a preliminary indication of risk factors placing open heart surgical patients at risk of PPCs. Determining patients who are at risk of developing PPC’s after cardiac surgeries are the first step towards its prevention. This reduces its burden in term of morbidity, mortality and cost. Keywords: Jordan, open heart surgery, predictors, pulmonary complications, risk factors.

Nursing approaches and their effect on the health of elderly with COVID-19

This review aims to discuss the protection and appropriate nursing methods for managing COVID-19 in elderly. This is a narrative review study. The increase in the elderly population worldwide and the higher prevalence of comorbid diseases in this group, the elderly are particularly at a high risk during this pandemic. Nurses are involved in follow-ups and care as well as in primary, secondary and tertiary health services for the elderly. The disease has adverse effects on the physical health of elder individuals who have a weak immune system, limited activity, and difficulty in taking adequate nutrition. Conditions such as an inability to cope with stress, weakness, and hopelessness adversely affect psychological health. Furthermore, conditions such as loneliness, being away from loved ones, stigmatization, and abuse adversely affect social health as well. Nursing theorists such as Nightingale, Orem, Rogers who have significantly contributed to this discipline, have explained the relationship between the elderly and the environment, self-care, energy field, stress-coping methods, adaptation process, and spiritual care during a pandemic. Nurses have a significant role and responsibility in preventing the transmission of the virus, treating and caring for the infected elderly, and providing post-discharge rehabilitation. Keywords: COVID-19, elderly, nursing, protection, theory

Painful procedures experienced by preterm newborns and evidence-based non-pharmacological methods

Preterm newborns are defined as babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed. Prolonged or frequent pain in the early stages of life can prevent the baby’s behaviour, feeding patterns, adaptation to the outside world, as well as changes in brain development and adversely affect growth. Preterm newborns are known to be more sensitive to pain due to immature pain mechanisms. Therefore, preterm newborns need more support during painful procedures. The aim of this review is to provide information about the painful procedures encountered by preterm newborns in neonatal intensive care units and the evidence-based non-pharmacological methods for these painful procedures. This study used English–Turkish language articles and a search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane and Google Scholar, using a combination of key words like ‘painful procedures’, ‘preterm newborn’, ‘non-pharmacological methods’ and ‘pain and newborn’. These terms are frequently used in non-pharmacological methods as well as pharmacological methods in pain relief. Non-pharmacologic methods used in pain management in preterm neonates are massage, kangaroo care, music, oral sucrose, pacifier, aromatherapy, swaddling, facilitated tucking, prone position, mother’s touch, mother’s voice and smell and breastfeeding method. Facilitated tucking, kangaroo care, swaddling, breast milk and oral sucrose are effective in heel blood collection and venous blood collection in newborns. It has been reported in the literature that the smell of glucose, breast milk, vanilla and lavender reduces pain. It is stated in the literature that breast milk, sucrose and kangaroo care used during the retinopathy of premature retinopathy reduces pain during and after the procedure. The aim of newborn pain management is to help reduce pain and help the baby cope with pain. Therefore, further research on evidence-based non-pharmacological methods is essential, and it is essential for all health professionals to be aware, know and practice non-pharmacological methods. Keywords: Newborn; pain; non-pharmacological methods; preterm;

A study of nutritional status, development of malnutrition and food consumption in hospitalized patients

Purpose: To investigate the nutritional status of patients on admission and during hospital stay, the factors leading to weight loss, and to evaluate patient satisfaction of hospital food. Methods: On admission, Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002), weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), mid upper arm circumference (MAC) measurements were carried out; serum total protein and albumin levels were recorded. Upon discharge, measurements of weight, MAC were repeated, along with a food satisfaction questionnaire. Results: Patients with NRS-2002>3, BMI<20, were classified as nutrionally at risk which were 43.6% and 9.4% respectively. Of the patients, 77% lost weight (2.6±1.9 kg). Patients who were determined to be malnourished on admission by BMI and NRS-2002 stayed longer in hospital (p<0.0 and p<0.001, respectively). The relationships between weight loss and lenght of stay, use of medications and period of starvation were significant (p<0.0001, for each). Of the patients, 49.9% did not satisfy with the hospital food. Conclusions: Nutritional status of hospitalized patients should be screened with NRS-2002, assessed and monitored. Keywords: NRS-2002, hospital malnutrition, hospital food services

Comparative analysis of the tendency of vocational health school students to have children

The aim of this study is to provide a comparative analysis of the tendency of having children of the child development department students who are educated for child and family life and the medical services and techniques department students who are not educated for child and family life. In this study, the opinions of the students of both departments about supposedly required criteria and characteristics of the individuals in order to have children were examined by the same method. In this study, which is conducted by using qualitative research methods, the data obtained through semi-structured interview forms are subjected to content analysis. 28 children development department students and 28 medical services and techniques department students participated in the study. The data obtained from the research are presented in tables with frequency and percentage calculations. Keywords: Child, Having a Child, Tendency to Have a Child

Skin care for infants: A systematic review of the evidence-based

Objective: Newborns require special care because their skin is much more sensitive and thinner than adults. From the products to be selected to the umbilical cord care; prevention of the pus; Parents and health professionals should pay attention to some important points in so many issues ranging from bathing conditions. In this study, it is aimed to systematically examine the studies about skin care of newborns. Materials and Methods: A total of 2792 studies published between 2012 and 2019 were examined. A total of nine publications were included in the study and evaluated in terms of comparison, limitations and results. Results: From the few studies with comparable data, there was no evidence that there was no significant difference between the tested washing products and the water or the tested baby wipes and water. There was some evidence to suggest daily use of emollients in a full-body bath. However, the use of olive oil or sunflower oil for the baby's dry skin may adversely affect the skin barrier. There was no evidence of hair/scalp care or baby massage. Conclusion: Although there is evidence of significant randomized controlled trials comparing the use of certain products to water or another product alone for bathing, cleaning and diaper care, the strength of this evidence is low due to the inconsistency of the outcome measures in terms of treatment area or time. It is recommended to increase the number of randomized controlled trials with the appropriate methodology for skin care of newborns. Keywords: Newborn, Skin care, Nursing care

Infertility Risk Factors and Nurse’s Role

There are many known and unknown risk factors affecting fertility. Nowadays although infertility risk factors have been revealed with the researches carried out today, studies are still going on for many factors brought about by modern life. Nurses should be aware of risk factors that negatively affect fertility in order to prevent deterioration of fertility abilities of individuals. Infertility nurses should assess life-style behaviors in detail while taking anamnesis from couples who have fertility problems or apply for long-term and financially expensive treatment methods such as assisted reproductive techniques. In addition, nurses should do counseling to couples on lifestyles that have an impact on the fertility of individuals and follow the current literature on the subject. Especially risky lifestyle behaviors should be improved if there is no time problem for the couple. Otherwise, treatment strategies should be developed to change these behaviors and individual care plans should be provided to individuals about healthy lifestyle behaviors. In addition, nurses should train couples for risk factors. In this context, the risk factors causing the infertility and nursing roles will be discussed in our review. Key words: Ä°nfertilty, Risk Factors, Nursing, Role