scholarly journals Physicochemical characteristics of biomass‐coal blend char: The role of co‐pyrolysis synergy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Lin ◽  
Jingsong Zhou ◽  
Qianwen Qin ◽  
Cong Xie ◽  
Zhongyang Luo
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Coal Blend

Osteoporosis Entwined with Cardiovascular Disease: The Implication of Osteoprotegerin and Example of Statins

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria V. Deligiorgi ◽  
Mihalis I. Panayiotidis ◽  
Gerasimos Siasos ◽  
Dimitrios T. Trafalis
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Vascular Cells ◽  
Molecular Fingerprint ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
Epidemiological Factors ◽  
Outstanding Issue

: Beyond being epiphenomenon of shared epidemiological factors, the integration of osteoporosis (OP) with cardiovascular disease (CVD)− termed "calcification paradox"− reflects a continuum of aberrant cardiometabolic status. The present review provides background knowledge on "calcification paradox", focusing on the endocrine aspect of vasculature orchestrated by the osteoblastic molecular fingerprint of vascular cells, acquired via imbalance among established modulators of mineralization. Osteoprotegerin (OPG)–the well-established osteoprotective cytokine−has recently been shown to exert a vessel-modifying role. Prompted by this notion, the present review interrogates OPG as the potential missing link between OP and CVD. However, so far, the confirmation of this hypothesis is hindered by the equivocal role of OPG in CVD, being both proatherosclerotic and antiatherosclerotic. Further research is needed to illuminate whether OPG could be biomarker of the "calcification paradox". Moreover, the present review brings into prominence the dual role of statins−cardioprotective and osteoprotective− as potential illustration of the integration of CVD with OP. Considering that the statins-induced modulation of OPG is central to the statins-driven osteoprotective signalling, statins could be suggested as illustration of the role of OPG in the bone/vessels crosstalk, if further studies consolidate the contribution of OPG to the cardioprotective role of statins. Another outstanding issue that merits further evaluation is the inconsistency of the osteoprotective role of statins. Further understanding of the varying bone-modifying role of statins, likely attributed to the unique profile of different classes of statins defined by distinct physicochemical characteristics, may yield tangible benefits for treating simultaneously OP and CVD.

Innovatory role of nanomaterials as bio-tools for treatment of cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khuram Shahzad Ahmad ◽  
Muntaha Talat ◽  
Shaan Bibi Jaffri ◽  
Neelofer Shaheen
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cancerous Cells

AbstractConventional treatment modes like chemotherapy, thermal and radiations aimed at cancerous cells eradication are marked by destruction pointing the employment of nanomaterials as sustainable and auspicious materials for saving human lives. Cancer has been deemed as the second leading cause of death on a global scale. Nanomaterials employment in cancer treatment is based on the utilization of their inherent physicochemical characteristics in addition to their modification for using as nano-carriers and nano-vehicles eluted with anti-cancer drugs. Current work has reviewed the significant role of different types of nanomaterials in cancer therapeutics and diagnostics in a systematic way. Compilation of review has been done by analyzing voluminous investigations employing ERIC, MEDLINE, NHS Evidence and Web of Science databases. Search engines used were Google scholar, Jstore and PubMed. Current review is suggestive of the remarkable performance of nanomaterials making them candidates for cancer treatment for substitution of destructive treatment modes through investigation of their physicochemical characteristics, utilization outputs and long term impacts in patients.

The Role of Machine Learning in Centralized Authorization Process of Nanomedicines in European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Santana ◽  
Enrique Onieva ◽  
Robin Zuluaga ◽  
Aliuska Duardo-Sánchez ◽  
Piedad Gañán
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
European Union ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
European Regulation ◽  
European Public ◽  
European Public Assessment Report

Background: Machine Learning (ML) has experienced an increasing use given the possibilities to expand the scientific knowledge of different disciplines, such as nanotechnology. This has allowed the creation of Cheminformatic models, capable of predicting biological activity and physicochemical characteristics of new components with high success rates in training and test partitions. Given the current gaps of scientific knowledge and the need of efficient application of medicines products law, this paper analyzes the position of regulators for marketing medicinal nanoproducts in European Union and the role of ML in the authorization process. Methods: In terms of methodology, a dogmatic study of the European regulation and the guidances of the European Medicine Agency on the use of predictive models for nanomaterials was carried out. The study has, as the framework of reference, the European Regulation 726/2004 and has focused on the analysis of how ML processes are contemplated in the regulations. Results: As result, we present a discussion of the information that must be provided for every case for simulation methods. The results show a favorable and flexible position for the development of the use of predictive models to complement the applicant's information. Conclusion: It is concluded that Machine Learning has the capacity to help to improve the application of nanotechnology medicine products regulation. Future regulations should promote this kind of information given the advanced state of art in terms of algorithms that are able to build accurate predictive models. This especially applies to methods such as Perturbation Theory Machine Learning (PTML), given that it is aligned with principles promoted by the standards of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Union regulations and European Authority Medicine. To our best knowledge this is the first study focused on nanotechnology medicine products and machine learning use to support technical European public assessment report (EPAR) for complementary information.

scholarly journals Role of PEG 2000 in the surface modification and physicochemical characteristics of pyrazinamide loaded nanostructured lipid carriers

2018 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gourab Karmakar ◽  
Prasant Nahak ◽  
Pritam Guha ◽  
Biplab Roy ◽  
Ranendu Kumar Nath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Nanostructured Lipid Carriers

scholarly journals CO2 Hydrogenation over Nanoceria-Supported Transition Metal Catalysts: Role of Ceria Morphology (Nanorods versus Nanocubes) and Active Phase Nature (Co versus Cu)

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalis Konsolakis ◽  
Maria Lykaki ◽  
Sofia Stefa ◽  
Sόnia A. C. Carabineiro ◽  
Georgios Varvoutis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Co2 Hydrogenation ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Co2 Conversion ◽  
Reverse Water Gas Shift ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Combined Impact

In this work we report on the combined impact of active phase nature (M: Co or Cu) and ceria nanoparticles support morphology (nanorods (NR) or nanocubes (NC)) on the physicochemical characteristics and CO2 hydrogenation performance of M/CeO2 composites at atmospheric pressure. It was found that CO2 conversion followed the order: Co/CeO2 > Cu/CeO2 > CeO2, independently of the support morphology. Co/CeO2 catalysts demonstrated the highest CO2 conversion (92% at 450 °C), accompanied by 93% CH4 selectivity. On the other hand, Cu/CeO2 samples were very selective for CO production, exhibiting 52% CO2 conversion and 95% CO selectivity at 380 °C. The results obtained in a wide range of H2:CO2 ratios (1–9) and temperatures (200–500 °C) are reaching in both cases the corresponding thermodynamic equilibrium conversions, revealing the superiority of Co- and Cu-based samples in methanation and reverse water-gas shift (rWGS) reactions, respectively. Moreover, samples supported on ceria nanocubes exhibited higher specific activity (µmol CO2·m−2·s−1) compared to samples of rod-like shape, disclosing the significant role of support morphology, besides that of metal nature (Co or Cu). Results are interpreted on the basis of different textural and redox properties of as-prepared samples in conjunction to the different impact of metal entity (Co or Cu) on CO2 hydrogenation process.

scholarly journals Optimization of Clinacanthus nutans Biodegradable Analgesic Patch

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801301
Author(s):  
Em-on Chaiprateep ◽  
Chalermsak Thavornwat
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Accelerated Stability ◽  
Clinacanthus Nutans ◽  
Cost Of Production

This paper aims to analyze and perfect the C. nutans-based biodegradable patch for analgesic employing a design of experiment (DoE) by Minitab version 18 program. Fifty-four full factorial design formulation were used to determine three factors and levels. They are made up of various concentration of 2%, 4%, and 6% of sodium alginate (ALG-Na) and Aloe vera juice. The sodium alginate (ALG-Na) and Aloe vera juice play the role of natural film former and terpenes act as permeation enhancers (eugenol, anethole, limonene). The Physicochemical characteristics include weight variation, thickness, surface pH, max stress, % elongation, mucoadhesive time and cost of production. These physicochemical properties were all investigated. The results show that the combination of 6% of sodium alginate (ALG-Na) and anethole produced the total quality (max stress, % elongation, mucoadhesive time, cost of production) (R2 adj > 87.95%, p<0.01). From the Accelerated stability test performed, it was observed that the weight and thickness of the patch were not statistically significantly different (p<0.05). This is a favorable physicochemical property. It is also a cost-effective profile for biodegradable dermal analgesic patches commercial product further.

scholarly journals The Role of β-Cyclodextrin in the Textile Industry—Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabricio Maestá Bezerra ◽  
Manuel José Lis ◽  
Helen Beraldo Firmino ◽  
Joyce Gabriella Dias da Silva ◽  
Rita de Cassia Siqueira Curto Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Microbial Control ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Chemical Modifications ◽  
Guest Molecules ◽  
Finishing Agent

β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) is an oligosaccharide composed of seven units of D-(+)-glucopyranose joined by α-1,4 bonds, which is obtained from starch. Its singular trunk conical shape organization, with a well-defined cavity, provides an adequate environment for several types of molecules to be included. Complexation changes the properties of the guest molecules and can increase their stability and bioavailability, protecting against degradation, and reducing their volatility. Thanks to its versatility, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, β-CD is widespread in many research and industrial applications. In this review, we summarize the role of β-CD and its derivatives in the textile industry. First, we present some general physicochemical characteristics, followed by its application in the areas of dyeing, finishing, and wastewater treatment. The review covers the role of β-CD as an auxiliary agent in dyeing, and as a matrix for dye adsorption until chemical modifications are applied as a finishing agent. Finally, new perspectives about its use in textiles, such as in smart materials for microbial control, are presented.

scholarly journals The role of flexibility and molecular shape in the crystallization of proteins by surface mutagenesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yancho D. Devedjiev
Keyword(s):  
Protein Crystallization ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Shape ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Static Disorder ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Crystal Contacts ◽  
Essential Prerequisite

Proteins are dynamic systems and interact with their environment. The analysis of crystal contacts in the most accurately determined protein structures (d< 1.5 Å) reveals that in contrast to current views, static disorder and high side-chain entropy are common in the crystal contact area. These observations challenge the validity of the theory that presumes that the occurrence of well ordered patches of side chains at the surface is an essential prerequisite for a successful crystallization event. The present paper provides evidence in support of the approach for understanding protein crystallization as a process dependent on multiple factors, each with its relative contribution, rather than a phenomenon driven by a few dominant physicochemical characteristics. The role of the molecular shape as a factor in the crystallization of proteins by surface mutagenesis is discussed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bacterial Diversity and Quality Features of Traditional Sichuan Bacon from Different Geographical Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 9738
Author(s):  
Song Wang ◽  
Xingjie Wang ◽  
Wanshu Pan ◽  
Aiping Liu ◽  
Shuliang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
Shared Otus ◽  
Nitrite Content

Sichuan bacon is one of the most popular types of Chinese bacon in the domestic market. High-throughput sequencing was used to characterize the bacterial diversity of 39 Sichuan bacon samples collected from 3 geographical regions. The results showed that the bacterial diversity of Sichuan bacon in different regions demonstrated certain specificity as well as similarity, and the shared OTUs were close to 81% of the total number in the basin group, mountain group, and plateau group. At the genus level, Staphylococcus is the most dominant genus among the three groups, covering 26.7%, 20.6%, and 22.7%, respectively. Beta diversity shows significant differences in bacterial compositions in different geographic regions, especially for Pseudomonas, Brochothrix, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Enterococcus. Meanwhile, some physicochemical characteristics were analyzed, and a significant difference (p < 0.05) among the three regions was shown in the Aw, pH, and nitrite content, which were significantly correlated with undesired bacteria. This study provides insights into the understanding of the role of bacterial communities in the microbial safety and quality improvement of Sichuan bacon.

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