scholarly journals Sociological Perspectives Across Individual Experiences, Social Structures, and Representations

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-65
Author(s):  
Daniela Bandelli
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stratified Reproduction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Feminist Perspectives ◽  
Productive Process ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Natural Fact

AbstractThis chapter is a literature review which aims to highlight the most critical aspects discussed in the surrogacy scholarship, whose interdisciplinarity represents a major value for the advancement of the sociological understanding of the phenomenon. The literature review is organized into three levels. The first is that of individual experience, which includes some of the main ethnographies that have tried to explain the motivations that push people, aspiring parents but above all the surrogates, to undertake this procreative path. At the second level, that of the social structure, there are three recurring themes: inequality—explained through the concept of stratified reproduction—which permeates the relationships between the parties and upon which the surrogacy market proliferates; the transformation of procreation into a productive process in which life is commodified and the woman reduced to her womb; the transformation of kinship from a natural fact to a cultural product, which is defined by one’s own intentions, and the parallel fragmentation of motherhood into several figures. At the third level, that of representation, there are the studies that discuss how surrogacy is told by the media, and the studies that provide a systematization of the different feminist perspectives on the subject.

scholarly journals Solidão, amor e sexo na mulher de mais de sessenta anos

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Teresinha Mello da SILVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Old People ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject

The anguish experiencied by women over sixty relates mainly to issues such as desire of to live – going beyond subjects like losses and grief. Their love and sex life is still riddler with taboos, surrouded by a silence that deniesthe problem or disqualifies those who dare to approach the subject. Under these circumstance, loneliness, somatization and depression develop easily, this way confirming the sayings: “Old people love to talk about diseases”, or “Old people do nothing except complain”. In an attempt to explode this myth and help old women to take control of their condition and rights taken into account, I will approach issues such as love, sex and loneliness in this age group. So as to profile the middle class old people, I will take into consideration historical facts, the rapid social, cultural and technological changes and the imperatives of the consumer society, the influence of the media, and the new types of family arrangements. I will approach issues referring to sexual activity and love in the third age, and point out the origins of the loneliness experiencied by women based on this frame of refence. Finally, I will show ways that allows changes in the social representation of old women – changes that may make it possible for them to be listened, respected and welcomed with regard to their affective and sex life – and that contribute to revise the psychotherapeutic practices related to this segment.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MELALUI PENGGUNAAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN BAGI SISWA KELAS IV DI SDN 187/IV KOTA JAMBI

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Juniar Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Research Report ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Classroom Action Research

This study presents a research report on improving students’ Learning results on IPA through Video. The objective was to find out whether students’ learning result improved when they are taught by using Video. It was conducted using classroom action research method. The subject of the study was the Grade IV students of SDN 187/IV Kota Jambi which is located on Jln. Adi Sucipto RT 05 Kecamatan Jambi Selatan, and the number of the students were 21 persons. The instruments used were test. In analyzing the data, the mean of the students’ score for the on fisrt sycle was 65,4 (42,85%) and the mean on cycle two was 68,5 (37,15%) and the mean of the third cycle was 81,4 (100%). Then it can be concluded that the use of video on learning IPA can improve the students’ learning result. It is suggested that teachers should use video as one of the media to improve students’ learning result on IPA.Keywords : IPA, students’ learning result, video

Same Address, Different Doors: Post-Heritage Deconstruction of the Heritage Household in Upstairs Downstairs in the 1970s and 2010s

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Abbiss
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
War Narrative ◽  
Critical History ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fourth Series ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Episodes

This article offers a ‘post-heritage’ reading of both iterations of Upstairs Downstairs: the LondonWeekend Television (LWT) series (1971–5) and its shortlived BBC revival (2010–12). Identifying elements of subversion and subjectivity allows scholarship on the LWT series to be reassessed, recognising occasions where it challenges rather than supports the social structures of the depicted Edwardian past. The BBC series also incorporates the post-heritage element of self-consciousness, acknowledging the parallel between its narrative and the production’s attempts to recreate the success of its 1970s predecessor. The article’s first section assesses the critical history of the LWT series, identifying areas that are open to further study or revised readings. The second section analyses the serialised war narrative of the fourth series of LWT’s Upstairs, Downstairs (1974), revealing its exploration of female identity across multiple episodes and challenging the notion that the series became more male and upstairs dominated as it progressed. The third section considers the BBC series’ revised concept, identifying the shifts in its main characters’ positions in society that allow the series’ narrative to question the past it evokes. This will be briefly contrasted with the heritage stability of Downton Abbey (ITV, 2010–15). The final section considers the household of 165 Eaton Place’s function as a studio space, which the BBC series self-consciously adopts in order to evoke the aesthetics of prior period dramas. The article concludes by suggesting that the barriers to recreating the past established in the BBC series’ narrative also contributed to its failure to match the success of its earlier iteration.

Same Address, Different Doors: Post-Heritage Deconstruction of the Heritage Household in Upstairs Downstairs in the 1970s and 2010s

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Abbiss
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
War Narrative ◽  
Critical History ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fourth Series ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Episodes

This article offers a ‘post-heritage’ reading of both iterations of Upstairs Downstairs: the LondonWeekend Television (LWT) series (1971–5) and its shortlived BBC revival (2010–12). Identifying elements of subversion and subjectivity allows scholarship on the LWT series to be reassessed, recognising occasions where it challenges rather than supports the social structures of the depicted Edwardian past. The BBC series also incorporates the post-heritage element of self-consciousness, acknowledging the parallel between its narrative and the production’s attempts to recreate the success of its 1970s predecessor. The article’s first section assesses the critical history of the LWT series, identifying areas that are open to further study or revised readings. The second section analyses the serialised war narrative of the fourth series of LWT’s Upstairs, Downstairs (1974), revealing its exploration of female identity across multiple episodes and challenging the notion that the series became more male and upstairs dominated as it progressed. The third section considers the BBC series’ revised concept, identifying the shifts in its main characters’ positions in society that allow the series’ narrative to question the past it evokes. This will be briefly contrasted with the heritage stability of Downton Abbey (ITV, 2010–15). The final section considers the household of 165 Eaton Place’s function as a studio space, which the BBC series self-consciously adopts in order to evoke the aesthetics of prior period dramas. The article concludes by suggesting that the barriers to recreating the past established in the BBC series’ narrative also contributed to its failure to match the success of its earlier iteration.

scholarly journals Changing the Pattern: Reclaiming History, Constructing Herstory in Margaret Atwood’s Alias Grace

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Ana Sentov
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Immigrant Status ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
The Social ◽  
Female Protagonist ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Church

This paper will examine how Grace Marks, the female protagonist/narrator of Alias Grace (1996), reclaims her history, which is comprised of many different, often contradictory stories of her life and the crime for which she is imprisoned. These stories reflect the dominant discourse of a conservative male-dominated society, in which Grace is an outsider, due to her gender, class, age, and immigrant status. The law, the medical profession, the church, and the media all see Grace as a disruptive element: a woman who committed or assisted in a murder, a lunatic and/or a member of the working class who dared disturb the social order. Grace is revealed not as a passive victim, an object to be acted upon, but as an agent capable of reclaiming history and constructing herstory, challenging and defying the expectations of dominant social structures. The paper will show that Alias Grace, as a novel giving voice to the marginalized and the silenced, stands as a compelling work that examines and provides insights into the position of women and its changes over the course of history, provoking a discourse that remains relevant today

scholarly journals UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN MELALUI METODE SUKU KATA BERBASIS MEDIA KARTU GAMBAR PADA SISWA KELAS1 MI NURUS SHIBYAN AMBAT TLANAKAN PAMEKASAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
Mutimmah Fawaid
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Reading Skills ◽  
Early Reading ◽  
Early Reading Skills ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
Teacher Skills ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject

Abstrak Keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa masih rendah dikarenakan kurangnya keterampilan guru dalam mengolah pembelajaran menjadi menarik, hal ini menyebabkan siswa kurang antusias dalam membaca sehingga siswa lebih asyik bicara sendiri dengan teman sebangkunya. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada: apakah ada peningkatan dalam membaca setelah menggunakan metode suku kata berbasis media kartugambar dan Apakahfaktor yang mempengaruhi dalam keterampilan membaca permulaan. Jenispenelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas sedangkan sabjeknya ialah seluruh siswa kelas 1 MI Nurus Shibyan Ambat dengan jumlah 18 siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah wawancara, observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Dalam membaca permulaan peneliti penggunaan metode suku kata berbasis media kartu gambar dari hasil tersebut terlihat adanya peningkatan keterampilan membaca permulaan pada siswa. Hal ini dibuktikan pada saat sebelum diberi tindakan nilai rata-rata dari seluruh siswa masih rendah yaitu 45,27, dan presentase ketuntasan klasikalsiswa 16,67%. Pada siklus I setelah diberi tidakanya itu dengan menggunakan metode suku kata berbasis media kartu gambar nilai rata-rata siswa meningkat menjadi 57,5 dan presentase ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 27,78%. pada siklus II nilai rata-rata siswa meningkat menjadi 67,5 sedangkan presentase ketuntasan siswa menjadi 55,56%. Dan pada pelaksanaan siklus III nilai rata-rata siswa meningkat menjadi 78,88 dan peningkatan presentase ketuntasan siswa mencapai 83,33%.  Kata Kunci: Membaca Permulaan, Suku Kata Berbasis Kartu Gambar Abstract Reading skills at the beginning of students are still low due to the lack of teacher skills in processing learning to be interesting, this causes students to be less enthusiastic in reading so that students are more engrossed in talking to themselves with their peers. This study focuses on: is there an increase in reading after using the syllabic media-based syllable method and what are the influencing factors in early reading skills. This type of research is classroom action research while the subject is all grade 1 students of MI NurusShibyanAmbat with a total of 18 students. The methods used in data collection are interviews, observation, tests and documentation. In reading the beginning of the researcher the use of the syllabus-based media method of the image card shows that there is an increase in students' beginning reading skills. This was evidenced at the time before being given an action the average value of all students was still low at 45.27, and the percentage of classical completeness of students was 16.67%. In the first cycle after being given the act of using syllables based on the media card the average value of students increased to 57.5 and the percentage of classical completeness was 27.78%. in cycle II the average value of students increased to 67.5 while the percentage of student completeness to 55.56%. And in the implementation of the third cycle the average value of students increased to 78.88 and the percentage ofstudentscompleteness reached 83.3%. Keywords: Reading Beginning, Syllables Based On Picture Cards

THE WORK OF THE ZEMSTVO SELF-GOVERNMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH CARE IN THE ТAURIDE PROVINCE IN THE FIRST DECADE OF ZEMSTVO ACTIVITY (1866-1875)

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Kirill G. Morgunov
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Third ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Empire

During the period of liberal reforms of Emperor Alexander II in Russia in 1864, the zemstvo reform began, which was a continuation of the peasant reform of 1861. Zemstvo institutions were introduced in the country, in the Tauride province they appear two years later - in 1866, zemstvo institutions were in charge of local social and economic issues. One of the important issues that fell on the shoulders of the zemstvos was the issue of the development of medicine. Taking care of the people's health was not one of the mandatory zemstvo duties, but the growth of infectious diseases and the high mortality rate largely prompted the zemstvo authorities to promote the development of medical affairs. The work of the zemstvo bodies was especially difficult at the very beginning of the formation of zemstvo medicine, when the zemstvos had to raise to a new level everything that they had inherited in 1866. The first decade of zemstvo activity for the development of medical science is the subject of this study. The article deals with the regional features of the districts of the Tauride province and their importance in the development of public health in the region. The relevance and novelty of the study is added by the reflection of the influence of the social composition of the county zemstvo vowels on the modernization of the social sphere of the province. In conclusion, information is provided on the results achieved by local self-government bodies by the end of the third zemstvo triennial in relation to 1866. The results of the research provide information on the state of medical affairs of the Tauride province in 1875 in relation to the rest of the zemstvo provinces of the Russian Empire.

Issue Salience and Political Decisions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Moniz ◽  
Christopher Wlezien
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Issue Salience ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Decisions

Salience refers to the extent to which people cognitively and behaviorally engage with a political issue (or other object), although it has meant different things to different scholars studying different phenomena. The word originally was used in the social sciences to refer to the importance of political issues to individuals’ vote choice. It also has been used to designate attention being paid to issues by policy makers and the news media, yet it can pertain to voters as well. Thus, salience sometimes refers to importance and other times to attention—two related but distinct concepts—and is applied to different actors. The large and growing body of research on the subject has produced real knowledge about policies and policy, but the understanding is limited in several ways. First, the conceptualization of salience is not always clear, which is of obvious relevance to theorizing and limits assessment of how (even whether) research builds on and extends existing literature. Second, the match between conceptualization and measurement is not always clear, which is of consequence for analysis and impacts the contribution research makes. Third, partly by implication, but also because the connections between research in different areas—the public, the media, and policy—are not always clear, the consequences of salience for representative democracy remain unsettled.

The Organisational and Social Climate Level of an Institution as One of the Determinants of Internal Security

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Stawnicka ◽  
Iwona Klonowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Climate ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Current Form ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Climate Scale ◽  
Social Climate Scale

The subject of this article is the issue of the social climate of the institution as one of the determinants of security in the perspective of Police research. In the literature on the issue of the social climate of the institution the reality is that it is difficult to find references to this concept in respect of the police. It seems that this is conditioned by the specific nature of the current form of the functioning of the Police and its organisational structure. The subject of the study is a proposal for research into the social climate in the Police. Based on the literature on the subject the phenomenon of social climate is described along with its influence on the sense of comfort and satisfaction of the employees. A good social climate contributes to the co-operation of employees, as well as stimulates a sense of loyalty to the group and responsibility for its success. Further on in the article remarks on the study of a social climate scale by R H Moss are presented, along with an indication of the division of the statements contained in this scale, taking into account the content of the messages. This approach to the scale of social climate is justified in the third part of the article, which presents the concept of research on the social climate of the institution as one of the determinants of security in the perspective of the police research which will be carried out by the Authors of the article.

The Methodology of Preparing PR-Text in the Frames of Professional Communicative Competence of a Specialist in Public Relations

10.12737/5402 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Селезнева ◽  
Larisa Selezneva
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Successful Solution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
The Subject

The subject matter of the paper is the methodology of preparation of PR-text in the frames of professional communicative competence of a specialist on public relations. It aims to form a communicative competence necessary to solve some communicative tasks by means of PR-texts. The author allocates three levels of the methodology of preparing PR-text and shows the formation of competences of a specialist in public relations. Each level presents a stage of the methodology of preparation of PR-text. The first stage is the study of discourse, it allows to take into account the conditions of the social situation of the creating text. At the second stage are used the knowledge of the basic parameters of the text. At the third stage are prepared the texts of different genres and styles. Each stage gives the examples of PRpractice. The offered methodology allows to realize in the text a system of communicative-pragmatic attitudes that contribute the successful solution of communicative tasks by the specialist on public relations.

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