The Protective Effect of the Feed Additive-Adaptogen on the Rumen Microbiota of Sheep from Pathogenic Microorganisms

Проаналізовано бактеріальну контамінацію умовно-патогенними та патогенними мікроорганізмамипродуктів забою курчат-бройлерів (білі і червонім’язи, серце, печінка, м’язова частина шлунку) в разізбагачення раціону наномікроелементною кормовоюдобавкою (НМКД) «Мікростимулін» протягом чоти-рьох діб зберігання за температури 0–4 оС. Встанов-лено, що найменший рівень МАФАнМ, БГКП, бакте-рій роду Proteus реєструвався в 3-й дослідній групі,курчатам-бройлерам якої задавали з водою 20 см3/дм3НМКД «Мікростимулін» у всіх досліджуваних продук-тах забою. Найбільший рівень МАФАнМ, БГКП, бак-терій роду Proteus реєструвався в контрольній групі,курчатам-бройлерам якої не задавали НМКД «Мікро-стимулін» з водою. Доведено залежність між дозоюНМКД «Мікростимулін» і кількістю мікроорганізміву продуктах забою птиці. The bacterial contamination of broiler chicken slaughter products (white and red muscles, heart, liver, muscular stomach) by conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microorganisms when the ration of the chickens was enriched by nanomicroelement feed additive (NMFA) «Microstimulin» for four days of storage at 0–4 ºC has been analyzed. It has been found out that the lowest level of MAFAnM, BGIR, bacteria Proteus in all slaughter products under investigation was registered in the 3rd experimental group the broiler chickens of which were given 20 cm³/dm³ NMFA «Microstimulin» with water. The highest level of MAFAnM, BGIR, bacteria Proteus was registered in the control group the broiler chickens which were not given NMFA «Microstimulin» with water. The dependence between the dose of NMFA «Microstimulin» and the number of microorganisms in the products of slaughtering has been proved.

Download Full-text

Supplementation of live yeast based feed additive in early life promotes rumen microbial colonization and fibrolytic potential in lambs

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-55825-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Frédérique Chaucheyras-Durand ◽

Aurélie Ameilbonne ◽

Pauline Auffret ◽

Mickaël Bernard ◽

Marie-Madeleine Mialon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Positive Impact ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Animal Health ◽

Microbial Colonization ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Gut Development ◽

Host Animal ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Rumen Microbiota ◽

Live Yeast

AbstractRumen microbiota is of paramount importance for ruminant digestion efficiency as the microbial fermentations supply the host animal with essential sources of energy and nitrogen. Early separation of newborns from the dam and distribution of artificial milk (Artificial Milking System or AMS) could impair rumen microbial colonization, which would not only affect rumen function but also have possible negative effects on hindgut homeostasis, and impact animal health and performance. In this study, we monitored microbial communities in the rumen and the feces of 16 lambs separated from their dams from 12 h of age and artificially fed with milk replacer and starter feed from d8, in absence or presence of a combination of the live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077 and selected yeast metabolites. Microbial groups and targeted bacterial species were quantified by qPCR and microbial diversity and composition were assessed by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing in samples collected from birth to 2 months of age. The fibrolytic potential of the rumen microbiota was analyzed with a DNA microarray targeting genes coding for 8 glycoside hydrolase (GH) families. In Control lambs, poor establishment of fibrolytic communities was observed. Microbial composition shifted as the lambs aged. The live yeast supplement induced significant changes in relative abundances of a few bacterial OTUs across time in the rumen samples, among which some involved in crucial rumen function, and favored establishment of Trichostomatia and Neocallimastigaceae eukaryotic families. The supplemented lambs also harbored greater abundances in Fibrobacter succinogenes after weaning. Microarray data indicated that key cellulase and hemicellulase encoding-genes were present from early age in the rumen and that in the Supplemented lambs, a greater proportion of hemicellulase genes was present. Moreover, a higher proportion of GH genes from ciliate protozoa and fungi was found in the rumen of those animals. This yeast combination improved microbial colonization in the maturing rumen, with a potentially more specialized ecosystem towards efficient fiber degradation, which suggests a possible positive impact on lamb gut development and digestive efficiency.

Download Full-text

Monolaurin Confers a Protective Effect Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection in Piglets by Regulating the Interferon Pathway

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2021.797476 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Qian Zhang ◽

Dan Yi ◽

Changzheng Ji ◽

Tao Wu ◽

Manli Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protective Effect ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Intestinal Function ◽

Diarrhea Virus ◽

Wide Range ◽

Interferon Pathway ◽

Antiviral Activities ◽

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has reemerged as the main pathogen of piglets due to its high mutation feature. Monolaurin (ML) is a natural compound with a wide range of antibacterial and antiviral activities. However, the role of ML in PEDV infection is still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ML on the growth performance, intestinal function, virus replication and cytokine response in piglets infected with PEDV, and to reveal the mechanism through proteomics analysis. Piglets were orally administrated with ML at a dose of 100 mg/kg·BW for 7 days before PEDV infection. Results showed that although there was no significant effect on the growth performance of piglets, ML administration alleviated the diarrhea caused by PEDV infection. ML administration promoted the recovery of intestinal villi, thereby improving intestinal function. Meanwhile, PEDV replication was significantly inhibited, and PEDV-induced expression of IL-6 and IL-8 were decreased with ML administration. Proteomics analyses showed that 38 proteins were differentially expressed between PEDV and ML+PEDV groups and were significantly enriched in the interferon-related pathways. This suggests ML could promote the restoration of homeostasis by regulating the interferon pathway. Overall, the present study demonstrated ML could confer a protective effect against PEDV infection in piglets and may be developed as a drug or feed additive to prevent and control PEDV disease.

Download Full-text

Phytogenic feed additive (PFA) standardized in labdane diterpens have a protective effect in Salmo salar against Piscirickettsia salmonis

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.736170 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 533 ◽

pp. 736170

Author(s):

Alex Romero ◽

Tatiana Pérez ◽

Natacha Santibáñez ◽

Matías Vega ◽

Paula Miranda

Keyword(s):

Protective Effect ◽

Salmo Salar ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Piscirickettsia Salmonis

Download Full-text

The relationship between intestinal goblet cells and the immune response

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1042/bsr20201471 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Mingming Zhang ◽

Chenchen Wu

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Barrier Function ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Goblet Cells ◽

The Body ◽

Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽

Mucus Layer ◽

Antigen Presenting ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Goblet cells (GCs) are single-cell glands that produce and secrete mucin. Mucin forms a mucus layer, which can separate the materials in cavities from the intestinal epithelium and prevent the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms in various ways. GCs can also participate in the immune response through nonspecific endocytosis and goblet cell-associated antigen passages (GAPs). GCs endocytose soluble substances from the lumen and transmit antigens to the underlying antigen-presenting cells (APCs). A variety of immuno-regulatory factors can promote the differentiation, maturation of GCs, and the secretion of mucin. The mucin secreted by GCs forms a mucus layer, which plays an important role in resisting the invasion of foreign bacteria and intestinal inherent microorganisms, regulating the immune performance of the body. Therefore, the present study mainly reviews the barrier function of the mucus layer, the mucus secreted by goblet cells, the protective effect against pathogenic bacteria, the delivery of luminal substances through GAPs and the relationship between GCs and the immune response.

Download Full-text

Effects of Fermented Kefir as a Functional Feed Additive in Litopenaeus vannamei Farming

Fermentation ◽

10.3390/fermentation6040118 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 118

Author(s):

Woosik Choi ◽

Chi-Won Choi ◽

Dang-Bao Son ◽

Byeong-Chul Jeong ◽

Hee-Chang Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Innate Immunity ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽

Field Tests ◽

Shrimp Farming ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Control Group ◽

Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽

Prevention Of Infections

Litopenaeus vannamei, known as whiteleg shrimp, is susceptible to infection by pathogenic microorganisms such as viruses and bacteria. Therefore, the prevention of infections in this shrimp is important to regulate the outbreaks of pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, we investigated the effects of kefir as a functional feed additive on innate immunity, survival against WSSV (White Spot Syndrome Virus) and productivity of L. vannamei. As a result, the treatment of kefir could upregulate six of seven genes crucial for innate immunity of L. vannamei. Also, the treatment of kefir directly improved the survival rate of L. vannamei against WSSV infection. Finally, in order to determine whether kefir can improve the productivity of shrimp, we carried out field tests in three aquaculture farms in South Korea. The weight of shrimp fed kefir was increased by 120% as well as the length, compared with that of the control group. These results demonstrate that kefir can be utilized as a functional feed additive to improve both innate immunity and productivity of L. vannamei in shrimp farming with no use of antibiotics.

Download Full-text