Marketing Research: Family Income Levels and Enrollment Strategies

2015 ◽  
pp. 564-564
Author(s):  
Loren B. Jung ◽  
Van D. Psimitis
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Income Levels

scholarly journals Pembuatan Produk Permen Agar-agar Buah

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamik Ponco Rahayu ◽  
Nuraini Harmastuti ◽  
Endang Sri Rejeki ◽  
Taufik Turahman
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
Family Home

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p align="center"> </p><p>          The Ngampon people in Mojosongo Village, Jebres, Surakarta City face diverse livelihood problems, most of which are factory workers with low income levels and the role of mothers as housewives. Therefore, it is necessary to have training activities to make agar agar fruit products as an alternative home-based home industry to increase family income.</p><p>          This community service activity was designed by conducting training on making fruit jelly candy products.</p><p>          The target of the above activities is that the community will get additional skills in making agar-agar candy fruit that can be done easily and small capital so that it can be an alternative family home industry.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: Fruit, jelly candy, home industry</p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><em></em>

scholarly journals Integrating Schools by Family Income: A Promising Education Reform or Unattainable Dream?

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Robin Kane
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School Districts ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Racial Segregation ◽  
Equity In Education ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Concentrated Poverty ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
Reform Debate

Integrating public schools by family income is a relatively new proposal in the education reform debate. To enhance equity in education, advocates have sought approaches that will not meet the judicial resistance that race has met when used to integrate schools. This paper provides a review of the proposal to integrate public schools by family income. It examines research on achievement by students of all income levels in schools with concentrated poverty, trends in racial segregation, and the case in support of plans to balance schools by family income. The paper also provides a summary of the plans in place in two school districts, the response of key policy players to these plans, and the possible challenges to wider implementation.

scholarly journals Organization model, vertical integration, and farmers’ income growth: Empirical evidence from large-scale farmers in Lin’an, China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252482
Author(s):  
Guiyan Ao ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Li Qin ◽  
Minghao Chen ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Organization Model ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Agricultural Operation

Since China’s reform and opening-up in 1978, the income of rural residents has increased when compared with that of urban residents. However, the income growth rate of farmers is relatively low, and the income gap between urban and rural areas is widening. Using a sample of 1,325 large-scale farming households in Lin’an, this study constructs a theoretical path for how the level of vertical integration and an organization model affect farmers’ income levels and empirically tests the path using a mediation effect analysis model. The results indicate that organization models and vertical integration are important factors that affect farmers’ income levels. The total income and agricultural operation income of farmers who participate in agricultural operation organizations are greater than that of farmers who do not participate in an operation organization. In addition, the total income and agricultural operation income of farmers who produce and process and those who produce, process, and sell are higher than those of farmers who only produce. A farmers’ organization model has both a direct and an indirect positive influence on their income level, with the indirect positive influence coming through the mediating variable of vertical integration. The application of the organizational model can promote the growth of rural households’ total family income and agricultural income by 13.48% and 14.48% respectively, consisting of direct increases of 9.67% and 10.19%, and indirect increases of 3.81% and 4.29% through vertical integration. The results also show that access to credit, agricultural technology training, and the farmer’s education level have significant positive impacts on farming income levels. The findings suggest ways to increase farmers’ income by perfecting agricultural management organization systems, promoting agricultural industrialization, strengthening rural financial support, improving agricultural technical training for farmers, and increasing their level of education.

scholarly journals A Silver Lining: The Role of Optimism in Overcoming Poverty in Early Life

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Brimmer
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Financial Success ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Higher Educational Attainment ◽  
Cumulative Inequality ◽  
The Individual

Who is able to overcome adversity and experience upward mobility? Using cumulative inequality theory, which posits that the disadvantage or advantage associated with one’s social location impacts life trajectory and perceptions of such, I propose that level of optimistic outlook in individuals from low-income backgrounds increases their chances of financial success in adulthood. Analyzing data from the 2016 General Social Survey, a nationally representative survey administered to randomly sampled adults in the U.S., I examine a subset of 1,269 individuals from backgrounds of far below average or below average family income levels. In doing so, I determine how optimistic attitudes, regarding matters such as personal agency and success, influence whether the individual may obtain a higher degree of financial success in adulthood compared to those of their families. Findings indicate that higher levels of optimism are associated with greater family income levels, with level of education and marital status as the biggest predictors of adult financial standing. With higher educational attainment, optimistic outlook increases, perhaps due to an increase in career opportunities and pathways to success. These findings show how influential education may be on intergenerational income mobility, however, they also provide insight on how disadvantage, including being a person of color; being divorced, separated or a single-parent; as well as how many children one has, may create limitations on educational attainment and effects on outlook. Such findings call attention to the need for greater financial and educational assistance programs, due to their impact on outlook and subsequent life course.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN POLA PENGASUHAN ANAK BERDASARKAN TINGKAT PENDAPATAN KELUARGA

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Fitri Kamaliah ◽  
Melly Prabawati ◽  
Rusilanti Rusilanti
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Normally Distributed

Abstrak Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pola pengasuhan anak berdasarkan tingkat pendapatan keluarga. Penelitian ini dilihat dari sosial ekonomi yang dipilih berdasarkan tingkat pendapatan orang tua dan pola asuh dibatasi pada perkembangan anak usia 2-5 tahun. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Karawaci Baru, Kecamatan Karawaci Kota Tangerang. Penelitian terhitung sejak bulan Oktober sampai dengan bulan Juni 2014. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh ibu rumah tangga yang memiliki anak usia balita. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan apabila populasi dianggap homogen dan sampel diambil sebanyak 82 orang dengan menggunakan teknik Proportionate Random Sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji normalitas dengan menggunakan rumus chi-kuadrat untuk mengetahui data pola pengasuhan pada tingkat pendapatan adalah berdistribusi normal. Untuk perhitungan uji F data berdistribusi normal dan homogen. Hasil Uji Hipotesis dengan menggunakan rumus One Way Anova dan uji t-test. Hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan maka H0 diterima sehingga tidak terdapat perbedaan pola pengasuhan anak balita berdasarkan tingkat pendapatan keluarga. Kata Kunci: Pola Asuh Orang Tua, Pola Pengasuhan Anak, Pendapatan Keluarga. Abstract The study aims to determine differences parenting by family income level. This study of the socio-economic views are selected based on the level of income and parenting on the development of children aged 2-5 years. The experiment was conducted at the New Village Karawaci, District Karawaci Tangerang City. Research starting from October until June 2014. Methods used is survey method. The population of this research is housewives and children with age under five population. In this study sampling technique will be carried out if the population is homogeneous and the sample taken as many as 82 people using proportionate random sampling technique. The data analysis technique is used the normality test using the chi-square, it means that the parenting data is on income levels are normally distributed. The calculation of data F test were normally distributed and homogeneous. Hypothesis Test results using the formula One Way ANOVA and t-test. We can conclude these results that H0 is accepted that there are differences in parenting toddlers is based on family income levels. Keywords: parenting parents, patterns of child care, family income.

Family Income Levels and Future Lodging Features

1979 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Louis A. Ehrcke ◽  
Mary Jo Hitchcock ◽  
Grayce E. Goertz
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Income Levels

scholarly journals Consumer choice process when purchasing the staple food

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 389-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Stávková ◽  
J. Turčínková
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Consumer Choice ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
Advertising And Promotion ◽  
The Eu

After 1989, there were significant changes in food consumption, both in volumes and structure. These changes happened due to various factors. The most important factors with influence on demand and food consumption were: development of income levels of Czech inhabitants, development of consumer prices of food and non-food products and services, offer and availability of products on the market, advertising and promotion, health education, joining the EU. Besides the above mentioned factors, an impact on consumption also have such factors as quality development, extent of self-provision with food products, or the degree to which the needs are satisfied. The fundamental influence on consumption has the development of consumer prices of food and capital goods and services in relations to development of incomes, thus buying power. In the last few years, there was a visible tendency to decreasing influence of prices on food consumption. The paper focuses on the development of consumption and changes in consumption patterns, motivation and attitudes. Presented data are based on the marketing research conducted by the Department of Marketing and Trade, Mendel University in Brno, in fall 2004.

scholarly journals TINGKAT PENDAPATAN KELUARGA, POLA ASUH ORANG TUA STIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN BALITA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Nurul Khairani ◽  
Sanisahhuri Sanisahhuri ◽  
Fauziah Prasisti Yinisah
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

An important period in child development is toddlerhood. During this time, development of language skills, creativity, social awareness and others run very fast times and determines the next development and quality of human resources. The purpose of this research was to study the relationship between family income levels, parenting and developmental stimulation with development of toddlers aged 4-5 years in Dwi Wardani Kindergarten Bengkulu City. Type of this research was Survey Analytic with Cross Sectional design. Population of this study was all mothers with toddlers aged 4-5 years in Dwi Wardani Kindergarten Bengkulu City, as many as 32 mothers. Sample were taken using a Total Sampling amount of 32 mothers. Analysis were performed with univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test (2). The results of the study revealed that of the 32 mothers there were 17 mothers (53.1%) with low income levels, 24 mothers (75.0) who had democratic parenting, 16 mothers (50.0%) who had often carry out developmental stimulation, 25 mother (78.1%) who had toddlers with good development. There was not significant relationship between level of family income and development of toddlers, there was a relationship between parenting and development of toddlers with a category of close relationship, and there was a relationship between developmental stimulation and development of toddlers with a category of moderate relationship. Keywords: development of toddlers, developmental stimulation, family income level, parenting

scholarly journals Analysis of Large Mega Millions Rollovers

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-86
Author(s):  
Sukhun Lee ◽  
Ki C Han ◽  
David Y Suk ◽  
Hyunmo Sung
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Entire Sample ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Area Increase ◽  
Money Flows ◽  
Schooling Experience ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Cash Inflow ◽  
Total Sales

From May 17, 2002 to December 30, 2014, there were 1,318 Mega Millions drawings and 153 were winning drawings.  In 148 out of 153 winning drawings, there was no winner(s) in the first drawing and the jackpot prize was rolled over and added to the next drawing.  Since the Mega Millions does not have a rollover limit, this process continues until there is an eventual winning ticket. If there are no winners over a month, the jackpot prize will approach $100 million.  As the jackpot prize approaches $100 million, significantly larger additional cash flows into the lottery.  Based on the analysis of 29 large Mega Millions winning drawings (jackpot prize ≥ $100 million), we report the following findings.  First, significantly larger additional money flows into the lottery as the jackpot prize gets larger, and over 90% of the additional cash inflow is spent on Mega Millions tickets.  Second, for the entire sample there does not appear to be reallocating of funds taking place within lottery games.  However, when total sales declines or changes in Mega Millions sales is greater than changes in total lottery sales, a small amount of money (less than $0.20 per capita) being transferred from Instant Games to Mega Millions appears to take place.  Third, zip-codes with a higher average family income or residents with more years of schooling experience a significantly higher demand for Mega Millions tickets.  In addition, as the percentage of white or Asian-Americans in an area increase, the demand for Mega Millions increases by a significant amount.  Lastly, as the jackpot prize gets larger, lottery players from all income levels spend more money on Mega Millions, but over 80% of the additional money comes from consumers belonging to the upper-middle or higher income brackets.     

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