Comparative Analysis of the Energy Demand by Standard Method and the TRNSYS-Weather Data Method

2017 ◽  
pp. 247-262
Author(s):  
Adrian Constantin Ilie ◽  
Ion Visa
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Weather Data

scholarly journals DESEMPENHO DE MÉTODOS NA ESTIMATIVA DE EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA PARA O ESTADO DA PARAÍBA, BRASIL

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geffson De Figueredo Dantas ◽  
Vinicius Mendes Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Alexandre Barcellos Dalri ◽  
Luiz Fabiano Palaretti ◽  
Miqueias Gomes dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
Satisfactory Performance ◽  
Time Period ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Level Of Agreement

DESEMPENHO DE MÉTODOS NA ESTIMATIVA DE EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA PARA O ESTADO DA PARAÍBA, BRASIL  GEFFSON DE FIGUEREDO DANTAS1; VINICIUS MENDES RODRIGUES DE OLIVEIRA2; ALEXANDRE BARCELLOS DALRI3; LUIZ FABIANO PALARETTI3; MIQUEIAS GOMES DOS SANTOS4 E ROGÉRIO TEXEIRA DE FARIA3 1 Licenciado em Ciências Agrárias, Doutorando em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo), Departamento de Engenharia Rural, FCAV-Unesp/ Jaboticabal, SP, [email protected] Engº Agrônomo, Doutorando em Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, UFV/Viçosa, MG, [email protected] Engº Agrícola, Prof. Doutor, Departamento de Engenharia Rural, FCAV-Unesp/Jaboticabal, SP, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Engº Agrônomo, Doutorando em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo), Departamento de Engenharia Rural, FCAV-Unesp/Jaboticabal, SP, [email protected]  1 RESUMO O métodos padrão de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (ET0) FAO Penman-Monteith (PM) emprega variáveis meteorológicas as quais nem sempre estão disponíveis à maioria dos produtores rurais. Assim, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar seu desempenho e aferir se necessário, para as condições da Paraíba, diferentes métodos para a estimativa diária de ET0, comparando-os com o método padrão FAO Penman-Monteith. Utilizou-se uma série histórica de 17 anos de dados meteorológicos do INMET de quatro cidades do Estado da Paraíba. Os métodos avaliados foram os de Hargreaves-Samani (HS), Blaney-Criddle (BC), Camargo (C) e Jensen-Haise (JH). Para análise comparativa entre o método PM e os outros métodos, foi realizada a análise de correlação e regressão linear e do coeficiente de determinação (R²). Para a exatidão dos métodos empíricos, foi realizada a análise para a determinação do índice de concordância (d) e do índice de desempenho (c). A ET0, obtida pelos quatro métodos empíricos obtiveram desempenho satisfatório, o método HS para a mesorregião do agreste não necessitou de ajustes, já os métodos JH, C e HS para as mesorregiões litoral, borborema e sertão necessitaram de ajuste para melhor acurácia em relação ao método padrão. Palavras-chave: calibração,  irrigação, Penman-Monteith  DANTAS, G. de F.; OLIVEIRA, V. M. R. de; DALRI, A. B.; PALARETTI, L. F.; SANTOS, M. G. dos; FARIA, R. T. dePERFORMANCE OF METHODS FOR ESTIMATING ET0 IN PARAÍBA STATE, BRAZIL  2 ABSTRACT The standard method for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ET0), FAO Penman-Monteith (PM) employs meteorological variables which are not always available to most farmers. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate and benchmark their performance if necessary, to the conditions of Paraíba, different methods for daily ET0 were estimated by comparing them with the standard FAO Penman-Monteith method. We used a time period of 17 years of weather data INMET in four cities in the state of Paraíba. The methods evaluated were the Hargreaves-Samani (HS), Blaney-Criddle (BC), Camargo (C) and Jensen-Haise (JH). For comparative analysis between the PM method and other methods, correlation analysis and linear regression to determine the coefficients of the equation (Y = a + bx) and the coefficient of determination (R²) was performed. For accuracy of empirical methods, the analysis was performed to determine the level of agreement (d) and performance index (c). The estimation of reference evapotranspiration, obtained by four empirical for meso-Paraíba PB methods, achieved satisfactory performance, the HS method for the rough mesoregion needed no adjustments since the JH, C and HS methods for meso coast, borborema and hinterland need adjustment for better accuracy compared to the standard method. Keywords: calibration, irrigation, evapotranspiration

scholarly journals A Methodological Framework for the Comparative Analysis of the Environmental Performance of Roadway and Railway Transport

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 721-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diamanto Mintzia ◽  
Fotini Kehagia ◽  
Anastasios Tsakalidis ◽  
Efthimios Zervas
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Carbon Transport

Low-carbon transport is a priority in addressing climate change. Transport is still almost totally dependent on fossil fuels (96%) and accounts for almost 60% of global oil use. Sustainable transport systems, both passenger and freight, should be economically and technically feasible, but also low-carbon and environmentally friendly. The calculation of greenhouse gas emissions in transport projects is becoming a primary target of transport companies as a part of an endeavor for low-carbon strategies to reduce the energy demand and environmental impact. This paper investigates the CO2 impact of construction and operation of the main highway and railway line infrastructure in Greece, which connects Athens and Thessaloniki, the capital and the second biggest city in Greece respectively and provides a comparative analysis in roadway and railway transport.

scholarly journals Impacts of Microclimate Conditions on the Energy Performance of Buildings in Urban Areas

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javanroodi ◽  
M.Nik
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
Energy Performance Of Buildings ◽  
Microclimate Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Urbanization trends have changed the morphology of cities in the past decades. Complex urban areas with wide variations in built density, layout typology, and architectural form have resulted in more complicated microclimate conditions. Microclimate conditions affect the energy performance of buildings and bioclimatic design strategies as well as a high number of engineering applications. However, commercial energy simulation engines that utilize widely-available mesoscale weather data tend to underestimate these impacts. These weather files, which represent typical weather conditions at a location, are mostly based on long-term metrological observations and fail to consider extreme conditions in their calculation. This paper aims to evaluate the impacts of hourly microclimate data in typical and extreme climate conditions on the energy performance of an office building in two different urban areas. Results showed that the urban morphology can reduce the wind speed by 27% and amplify air temperature by more than 14%. Using microclimate data, the calculated outside surface temperature, operating temperature and total energy demand of buildings were notably different to those obtained using typical regional climate model (RCM)–climate data or available weather files (Typical Meteorological Year or TMY), i.e., by 61%, 7%, and 21%, respectively. The difference in the hourly peak demand during extreme weather conditions was around 13%. The impact of urban density and the final height of buildings on the results are discussed at the end of the paper.

scholarly journals Impact Assessment for Building Energy Models Using Observed vs. Third-Party Weather Data Sets

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Lucas Segarra ◽  
Germán Ramos Ruiz ◽  
Vicente Gutiérrez González ◽  
Antonis Peppas ◽  
Carlos Fernández Bandera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Energy Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Energy Strategies

The use of building energy models (BEMs) is becoming increasingly widespread for assessing the suitability of energy strategies in building environments. The accuracy of the results depends not only on the fit of the energy model used, but also on the required external files, and the weather file is one of the most important. One of the sources for obtaining meteorological data for a certain period of time is through an on-site weather station; however, this is not always available due to the high costs and maintenance. This paper shows a methodology to analyze the impact on the simulation results when using an on-site weather station and the weather data calculated by a third-party provider with the purpose of studying if the data provided by the third-party can be used instead of the measured weather data. The methodology consists of three comparison analyses: weather data, energy demand, and indoor temperature. It is applied to four actual test sites located in three different locations. The energy study is analyzed at six different temporal resolutions in order to quantify how the variation in the energy demand increases as the time resolution decreases. The results showed differences up to 38% between annual and hourly time resolutions. Thanks to a sensitivity analysis, the influence of each weather parameter on the energy demand is studied, and which sensors are worth installing in an on-site weather station are determined. In these test sites, the wind speed and outdoor temperature were the most influential weather parameters.

scholarly journals Study of a Heat Pump for Simultaneous Cooling and Desalination

2016 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 152-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Byrne ◽  
Yacine Ait Oumeziane ◽  
Laurent Serres ◽  
Thierry Mare
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Data File ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Air Gap Membrane Distillation

Access to freshwater and energy resource management are two of the major concerns of the next decades. The global warming indicator, the decrease of rainfalls and the growing energy demand for cooling are correlated in the most populated agglomerations of the world. For industrial and social purposes, it seems vital to develop energy efficient systems for cooling and desalination. A heat pump can produce energy for space cooling and heat for desalination. Among the different desalination systems available, membrane distillation seems the most suitable solution to the condensing temperature level of a standard heat pump.This article presents the development of a model of heat pump for simultaneous cooling and desalination by air-gap membrane distillation. The model was first developed using EES software and validated with experimental results from our laboratory and from the literature. The desalination unit was then optimised by numerical means in terms of dimensions and operating conditions using a bi-dimensional model with Matlab. A coupled system with a heat pump was finally simulated. The objective is to estimate the freshwater production depending on the cooling loads of a refrigerator placed in a building submitted to the conditions given by a weather data file in the Trnsys environment. The energy consumptions are compared to those of a standard reverse osmosis plant producing the same amount of freshwater associated to a chiller of same cooling capacity as the heat pump. The results show that the heat pump for simultaneous cooling and desalination offers interesting perspectives.

The Impact of Pavement Albedo on Radiative Forcing and Building Energy Demand: Comparative Analysis of Urban Neighborhoods

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (40) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Xin Xu ◽  
Jeremy Gregory ◽  
Randolph Kirchain
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Urban Neighborhoods ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reflective Surfaces

Albedo is the measure of the ratio of solar radiation reflected by the Earth’s surface. High-albedo reflective surfaces absorb less energy and reflect more shortwave radiation. The change in radiative energy balance at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA), which is called radiative forcing (RF), reduces nearby air temperatures and influences the surrounding building energy demand (BED). The impact of reflective surfaces on RF and BED has been investigated separately by researchers through modeling and observational studies, however, no one has compared RF and BED impacts under the same context and the net effect of these two phenomena remains unclear. This paper presents a comprehensive approach to assess the net impacts of pavement albedo modification strategies in selected urban neighborhoods. We apply an adapted analytical model for RF and a hybrid model framework combining two different models for BED to estimate the impacts of increasing pavement albedo from 0.1 to 0.3 for different urban neighborhoods in Boston and Phoenix. The impact of several context-specific factors, including location, urban morphology, shadings etc., are taken into account in the models. Comparative analysis reveals that the net impact of changing pavement albedo can vary from one neighborhood to another. In Phoenix downtown, reflective pavements create net global warming potential burdens, while increasing pavement albedo results in potential savings in the Boston downtown area. This work provides insights into pavement albedo impacts at urban scale and supports more informed decisions on pavement designs that save energy and counteract some of the effects of global warming.

Energy demand estimates in large Russian cities and its biometeorological characteristics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iya Belova ◽  
Liudmila Krivenok ◽  
Sergy Dokukin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Comfort Zone ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Temperature Range

<p>To estimate the energy amount needed to heat indoor living and public spaces, the heating degree day (HDD) parameter is applied. This is the most common climatic indicator of energy consumption for the building heating, which is calculated for a certain period of the year by summing the absolute deviations of the average daily ambient temperature from the selected base temperature. However, human biometeorological sensitivity is based not only on the ambient temperature, but on a combination of temperature, humidity, and wind speed.</p><p>We have conducted a comparative analysis of the climatic and biometeorological characteristics of the regions including the largest Russian cities. For the effective ambient temperature range of 17.2 to 21.7⁰C (comfort zone), we have calculated changes in the comfort zone for Moscow, St. Petersburg, Krasnodar, Novosibirsk, and Vladivostok according to data from 1959 to the present. Despite all climate differences between regions with selected cities, allowance for wind speed leads to a decrease in the number of days with temperature within the comfort zone.</p><p>This study supported by Russian Science Foundation (project No 16-17-00114).</p>

Comparative Analysis of Trash Contamination in Cotton by Optical Scanning

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Lyons ◽  
R. L. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Optical Scanning ◽  
Absolute Indication ◽  
Grade Classification ◽  
Optical Scanning System

Successful utilization of an automated optical scanning system for the purpose of assessing the trash factor included in the grade classification of cotton was demonstrated in a study that featured analysis of cottons representing a broad range of trash levels and lint colors. The utility of image analysis as an absolute indication of grade-related differences in cotton was statistically confirmed. Sources contributing to the variability of nonlint assessment by optical imaging were defined and analyzed, as was the influence of interrelated grade factors such as lint coloration on optically measured contaminant levels. In a direct comparison with the Shirley Analyzer, computerized optical scanning was shown to be at least as reliable as this standard method for determining nonlint waste.

scholarly journals Influence of design features of a multi-edge shredder on the operational characteristics of the process of comminution corn stalks

2021 ◽  
Vol 1199 (1) ◽  
pp. 012053
Author(s):  
D Łączny ◽  
M Macko ◽  
K Moraczewski ◽  
J Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Geometric Features ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Shape And Size

Abstract The paper presents a comparative analysis of the effect of selected design features of blade and disc units on the functional characteristics of the process of grinding corn stalks in specific ranges of input variables. The effect of changes in the geometric features of the working units and rotational speeds on the energy demand during the grinding process was estimated. On this basis, an assessment of the quality of the shredding product in terms of shape and size was also made.

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