scholarly journals Dairy intake and long-term body weight status in German children and adolescents: results from the DONALD study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Hohoff ◽  
Ines Perrar ◽  
Nicole Jankovic ◽  
Ute Alexy
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Dairy Intake ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
Fermented Dairy

Abstract Purpose To analyse the association between intake of total dairy (TD) and types of dairy [liquid dairy (LD), solid dairy (SD), low-fat dairy (LFD), high-fat dairy (HFD), high sugar dairy (HSD), low-sugar dairy (LSD), not fermented dairy (NFD), as well as fermented dairy (FD)] and long-term changes in body weight status and composition among children and adolescents in Germany. Methods In total, 9999 3-day dietary records collected between 1985 and 2019 by 1126 participants (3.5–18.5 years; boys: 50.8%) of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study were analysed. Polynomial mixed-effects regression models were used to examine whether changes (median follow-up: 9 years) in the intake of TD and dairy types (in 100 g/1000 kcal total energy intake) were associated with changes in body-mass-index-standard-deviation-score (BMI-SDS); fat mass index (FMI); fat-free mass index (FFMI) over time. Results An individual increase in TD intake was slightly but significantly associated with an increase in BMI-SDS (β = 0.0092; p = 0.0371), FMI (β = 0.022; p = 0.0162), and FFMI (β = 0.0156; p = 0.0417) after adjustment for potential confounder. Analyses for LD (BMI-SDS: β = 0.0139; p = 0.0052; FMI: β = 0.0258; p = 0.0125; FFMI: β = 0.0239; p = 0.0052) and LSD intake (BMI-SDS: β = 0.0132; p = 0.0041, FMI: β = 0.02; p = 0.0316, FFMI: β = 0.0183; p = 0.0189) showed similar results to TD. Both processing method and fat content showed no association with body composition in our analyses. Conclusion Increases in TD, LD, and LSD intake showed small but significant increases in BMI and concomitant increases in fat mass and lean mass. However, the observed changes were too small to expect biological or physiological meaningful effects. Overall, our results showed that policies to promote dairy intake in childhood are to be welcomed, as no negative effects on body composition are expected, while the intake of important nutrients for growth is ensured. The type of dairy does not seem to matter.

scholarly journals Untrained young men have dysfunctional HDL compared with strength-trained men irrespective of body weight status

2013 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 1043-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian K. Roberts ◽  
Michael Katiraie ◽  
Daniel M. Croymans ◽  
Otto O. Yang ◽  
Theodoros Kelesidis
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Redox Properties ◽  
Redox Activity ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
The Impact

We examined the impact of strength fitness and body weight on the redox properties of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and associations with indices of vascular and metabolic health. Ninety young men were categorized into three groups: 1) overweight untrained (OU; n = 30; BMI 30.7 ± 2.1 kg/m2); 2) overweight trained [OT; n = 30; BMI 29.0 ± 1.9; ≥4 d/wk resistance training (RT)]; and 3) lean trained (LT; n = 30; BMI 23.7 ± 1.4; ≥4 d/wk RT). Using a novel assay on the basis of the HDL-mediated rate of oxidation of dihydrorhodamine (DOR), we determined the functional (redox) properties of HDL and examined correlations between DOR and indices of vascular and metabolic health in the cohort. DOR was significantly lower in both trained groups compared with the untrained group (LT, 1.04 ± 0.49; OT, 1.39 ± 0.57; OU, 1.80 ± 0.74; LT vs. OU P < 0.00001; OT vs. OU P = 0.02), however, DOR in the OT group was not significantly different from that of the LT group. DOR was negatively associated with HDL-cholesterol ( R = −0.64), relative strength ( R = −0.42), sex hormone-binding globulin ( R = −0.42), and testosterone ( R = −0.35) (all P ≤ 0.001); whereas DOR was positively associated with triglycerides ( R = 0.39, P = 0.002), oxidized low-density lipoprotein ( R = 0.32), body mass index ( R = 0.43), total mass ( R = 0.35), total fat mass ( R = 0.42), waist circumference ( R = 0.45), and trunk fat mass ( R = 0.42) (all P ≤ 0.001). Chronic RT is associated with improved HDL redox activity. This may contribute to the beneficial effects of RT on reducing cardiovascular disease risk, irrespective of body weight status.

scholarly journals Perception of Body Weight Status: A Case Control Study of Obese and Lean Children and Adolescents and Their Parents

Obesity Facts ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagen Rudolph ◽  
Susann Blüher ◽  
Christian Falkenberg ◽  
Madlen Neef ◽  
Antje Körner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
Lean Children ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Long-Term Supplementation With Fruits and Vegetables Curbs High-Fat Diet/Obesity-Induced Changes in Body Composition and Favorably Affects Blood T Cell Phenotype in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1126-1126
Author(s):  
Weimin Guo ◽  
Dayong Wu ◽  
Lijun Li ◽  
Edwin Ortega ◽  
Yankun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cell Profile

Abstract Objectives Obesity is associated with impaired immune function. However, impact of obesity on blood T cell profile is not well studied. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and long-term fruits and vegetable (FV) consumption on body composition and blood T cell profile. Methods This is partial report from an ongoing study. A total of 240 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups: low fat control (LF-C) or high-fat control (HF-C) diet alone, or together with 15% of a unique mixture of FV (w/w, equivalent to 7–9 servings F&V/d for human) (LF-FV or HF-FV). The feeding will continue until 50% mortality is reached in one group. Body weight, body composition (using MRI), and blood T cell profile (using FACS) are monitored longitudinally at different time points. The results reported here are those assessed when mice were 7 months old. Results After 7 months of feeding, mice fed HF-C gained more weight compared to those fed LF-C. Mice fed HF-FV or LF-FV diets had significantly reduced weight gain and fat mass, and higher muscle mass compared to those fed HF-C or LF-C diet, respectively. Mice fed HF-C also had significantly lower percentage of blood CD3+, CD4+, and CD8 + T cells compared with the LF-C. FV supplementation prevented HFD-induced decrease in percentage of CD3+ and CD4+ cells. Furthermore, both % CD3+ and CD4+ cells were negatively correlated with body weight (P &lt; 0.001) or percentage of fat mass (P &lt; 0.001), and positively associated with percentage of lean mass (P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions Our results suggest that consuming large amounts of a unique mixture of F&V curbs HFD-induced body weight gain, reduces fat mass, and favorably affects blood T cell population. Ongoing studies will assess these analytes when mice are 16 months old, and again when one group reaches 50% mortality, and determine their correlations with functional measures of T cell response, host resistance to infection, health span, and mortality. Funding Sources This study was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service (ARS), under Agreement No. 58–1950-4–004.

scholarly journals Consumption of dietary salt measured by urinary sodium excretion and its association with body weight status in healthy children and adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Libuda ◽  
Mathilde Kersting ◽  
Ute Alexy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Body Weight Status

AbstractObjectiveHighly processed foods such as convenience foods usually have a high salt content and therefore might indirectly act as adipogenic due to an increasing consumption of sugar-containing beverages (SCB). We examined the association between dietary salt and body weight status.DesignWe used data on urinary Na excretion as an indicator of dietary salt and BMI standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) and percentage body fat (%BF) of children and adolescents participating in the DONALD (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed) Study.SettingDortmund, Germany.SubjectsChildren and adolescents (n 364) who had at least two 24 h urine samples and two dietary records in the observational period between 2003 and 2009 were considered in our data analysis.ResultsRepeated-measures regression models revealed that urinary Na was positively associated with BMI-SDS (+0·202 SDS/g Na excretion at baseline; P < 0·001) and %BF (+1·303 %BF/g Na excretion at baseline; P < 0·01) at baseline in boys and girls. These associations remained significant after adjustment for SCB consumption and total energy intake. Furthermore, there was a positive trend between baseline Na excretion and the individual change in %BF in the study period (+0·364 increase in %BF/g Na excretion at baseline), which was confirmed after inclusion of SCB consumption or total energy intake. There was no significant association between the change in Na excretion and the concurrent change of either BMI-SDS or %BF in any model.ConclusionsOur results suggest that a high intake of processed salty foods could have a negative impact on body weight status in children and adolescents independently from their consumption of SCB.

Effectiveness of a Multidisciplinary Lifestyle Intervention to Reduce Obesity among Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Md Rizwanul Ahsan ◽  
Sabrina Makbul ◽  
Probir Kumar Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Family Based

Background: Now a days unhealthy lifestyle primarily responsible for the dramatic increase obesity among children and adolescents. Objective: The purpose of the study is to see the effects of a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention to reduce obese children and adolescents. The main outcome was cardiometabolic risk based on the waist-to-height ratio (WHTR) measurement. Secondary outcomes were (1) changes in body composition; (2) adherence to a Mediterranean diet; and (3) physical performance. Methods: The study involved 64 overweight/obese children or adolescents conducted at Dhaka Shishu Hospital from October 2017 to September 2018. The intervention was multidisciplinary including nutrition, exercise, and psychological aspects based on a family-based approach; it was delivered for six months for children and three months for adolescents. Before and after the intervention, several anthropometric measures height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body composition, cardiometabolic risk index waist-to-height ratio (WHTR), and dietary habits of the participants and their families were evaluated. In addition, a set of functional motor fitness tests was performed to evaluate physical performance measures. Results: After the intervention both children and adolescents showed a significant reduction in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, and WHTR index and an improvement of fat-free mass, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and physical fitness performance. Conclusion: A short term family-based multidisciplinary approach is effective in ameliorating the health status, dietary habits, and physical performance in children and adolescents. DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 111-118

scholarly journals PROP taster status interacts with the built environment to influence children's food acceptance and body weight status

Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 786-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlye Burd ◽  
Araliya Senerat ◽  
Earle Chambers ◽  
Kathleen L. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Food Acceptance ◽  
Body Weight Status

Is overweight/obesity a risk factor for atopic allergic disease in prepubertal children? A case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysel Vehapoglu ◽  
Zeynep Ebru Cakın ◽  
Feyza Ustabas Kahraman ◽  
Mustafa Atilla Nursoy ◽  
Ali Toprak
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objectives It is unclear whether body weight status (underweight/normal weight/overweight/obese) is associated with allergic disease. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between body weight status (body mass index; BMI) and atopic allergic disease in prepubertal children, and to compare children with atopic allergic diseases with non atopic healthy children. Methods A prospective cross sectional study of 707 prepubertal children aged 3–10 years was performed; the participants were 278 atopic children with physician-diagnosed allergic disease (allergic rhinitis and asthma) (serum total IgE level >100 kU/l and eosinophilia >4%, or positivity to at least one allergen in skin test) and 429 non atopic healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Data were collected between December 2019 and November 2020 at the Pediatric General and Pediatric Allergy Outpatient Clinics of Bezmialem Vakıf University Hospital. Results Underweight was observed in 11.6% of all participants (10.8% of atopic children, 12.2% of healthy controls), and obesity in 14.9% of all participants (18.0% of atopic children, 12.8% of controls). Obese (OR 1.71; 95% CI: 1.08–2.71, p=0.021), and overweight status (OR 1.62; 95% CI: 1.06–2.50, p=0.026) were associated with an increased risk of atopic allergic disease compared to normal weight in pre-pubertal children. This association did not differ by gender. There was no relationship between underweight status and atopic allergic disease (OR 1.03; 95% CI: 0.63–1.68, p=0.894). Conclusions Overweight and obesity were associated with an increased risk of atopic allergic disease compared to normal weight among middle-income and high-income pre pubertal children living in Istanbul.

scholarly journals Decreased Muscle-to-Fat Mass Ratio Is Associated with Low Muscular Fitness and High Alanine Aminotransferase in Children and Adolescent Boys in Organized Sports Clubs

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2272
Author(s):  
Kai Ushio ◽  
Yukio Mikami ◽  
Hiromune Obayashi ◽  
Hironori Fujishita ◽  
Kouki Fukuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Muscular Fitness ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Fat Mass Ratio

Decreased muscle-to-fat mass ratio (MFR) is associated with pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and may reduce muscular fitness. Regular exercise in sports clubs has not led to reductions in obesity in children and adolescents; they may have decreased MFR. Decreased MFR could cause reduced muscular fitness, which may put them at risk for NAFLD development. We investigated whether MFR is related to muscular fitness and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), to determine whether MFR could be used to screen for NAFLD in children and adolescent boys belonging to sports clubs. Altogether, 113 participants (aged 7–17 years) who underwent body composition, laboratory, and muscular fitness measurements during a medical checkup were divided into tertiles according to their MFR. Lower extremity muscular fitness values were significantly decreased in the lowest MFR tertile (p < 0.001); conversely, serum ALT levels were significantly increased (p < 0.01). Decreased MFR significantly increased the risk of elevated ALT, which requires screening for NAFLD, after adjusting for age, obesity, muscular fitness parameters, and metabolic risk factors (odds ratio = 8.53, 95% confidence interval = 1.60–45.6, p = 0.012). Physical fitness and body composition assessments, focusing on MFR, can be useful in improving performance and screening for NAFLD in children and adolescents exercising in sports clubs.

scholarly journals Uric acid is associated with adiposity factors, especially with fat mass reduction during weight loss in obese children and adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Niu ◽  
Xue-lin Zhao ◽  
Hui-juan Ruan ◽  
Xiao-meng Mao ◽  
Qing-ya Tang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Current adult studies suggest that uric acid (UA) is associated with body fat, but the relationship in obese children is unclear. Thus, we aim to evaluate the association between uric acid and body composition of obese children. Methods A total of 79 obese children were included in this study, and 52 children (34 boys and 18 girls) underwent a 6-week weight loss camp, including 34 boys and 18 girls. Six-week weight-loss interventions were performed on all participants through aerobic exercise and appropriate dietary control. Laboratory tests and body composition were collected before and after the intervention. Results Before the intervention, correlation analysis demonstrated that uric acid was positively correlated with height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, fat mass (FM), and free fat mass (FFM) with adjusting for age and gender (P < 0.05). After 6 weeks of intervention, the participants gained 3.12 ± 0.85 cm in height, body fat percentage decreased by 7.23 ± 1.97%, and lost 10.30 ± 2.83 kg in weight. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that uric acid at baseline was associated with FM reduction during weight loss (P < 0.05). Conclusions This study is the first report that uric acid is associated with BMI and FM, and may play an important role in the reduction of FM during weight loss in obese children and adolescents. The interaction between UA and adiposity factors and its underlying mechanisms need to be further explored. Trial registration This study was registered in Clinical Trials.gov (NCT03490448) and approved by the Ethics Committee of Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.

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