scholarly journals Gaseous environment modulates volatile emission and viability loss during seed artificial ageing

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 253 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Han ◽  
Vincent Fernandez ◽  
Hugh W. Pritchard ◽  
Louise Colville
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Seed Longevity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Artificial Ageing ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Maillard Reactions ◽  
Gaseous Environment ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones

Abstract Main conclusion Modulation of the gaseous environment using oxygen absorbers and/or silica gel shows potential for enhancing seed longevity through trapping toxic volatiles emitted by seeds during artificial ageing. Abstract Volatile profiling using non-invasive gas chromatography–mass spectrometry provides insight into the specific processes occurring during seed ageing. Production of alcohols, aldehydes and ketones, derived from processes such as alcoholic fermentation, lipid peroxidation and Maillard reactions, are known to be dependent on storage temperature and relative humidity, but little is known about the potential modulating role of the gaseous environment, which also affects seed lifespan, on volatile production. Seeds of Lolium perenne (Poaceae), Agrostemma githago (Caryophyllaceae) and Pisum sativum (Fabaceae) were aged under normal atmospheric oxygen conditions and in sealed vials containing either oxygen absorbers, oxygen absorbers and silica gel (equilibrated at 60% RH), or silica gel alone. Seeds of A. githago that were aged in the absence of oxygen maintained higher viability and produced fewer volatiles than seeds aged in air. In addition, seeds of A. githago and L. perenne aged in the presence of silica gel were longer lived than those aged without silica, with no effect on seed moisture content or oxygen concentration in the storage containers, but with silica gel acting as a volatile trap. These results indicate that the use of inexpensive oxygen absorbers and silica gel could improve seed longevity in storage for some species and suggests a potential, and previously unidentified, role for silica gel in ultra-dry storage.

scholarly journals The effect of silica desiccation under different storage conditions on filter-immobilized environmental DNA

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Allison ◽  
Jessica M. Round ◽  
Lauren C. Bergman ◽  
Ali Mirabzadeh ◽  
Heather Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Silica Bead ◽  
Gel Beads ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Objective Silica gel beads have promise as a non-toxic, cost-effective, portable method for storing environmental DNA (eDNA) immobilized on filter membranes. Consequently, many ecological surveys are turning to silica bead filter desiccation rather than ethanol preservation. However, no systematic evaluation of silica bead storage conditions or duration past 1 week has been published. The present study evaluates the quality of filter-immobilized eDNA desiccated with silica gel under different storage conditions for over a year using targeted quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based assays. Results While the detection of relatively abundant eDNA target was stable over 15 months from either ethanol- or silica gel-preserved filters at − 20 and 4 °C, silica gel out-performed ethanol preservation at 23 °C by preventing a progressive decrease in eDNA sample quality. Silica gel filter desiccation preserved low abundance eDNA equally well up to 1 month regardless of storage temperature (18, 4, or − 20 °C). However only storage at − 20 °C prevented a noticeable decrease in detectability at 5 and 12 months. The results indicate that brief storage of eDNA filters with silica gel beads up to 1 month can be successfully accomplished at a range of temperatures. However, longer-term storage should be at − 20 °C to maximize sample integrity.

Seed Longevity and Germination Behaviour in Eugenia roxburghii

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Shareef Muhammed ◽  
Chitra Rajeswary ◽  
Anil Chandran
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Seed Longevity ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Hermetic Storage ◽  
Germination Behaviour ◽  
Garden Plant ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage

Eugenia roxburghii is an evergreen graceful shrub with a tremendous potential as garden plant. As a part of ex-situ conservation and popularization of the species, seed longevity was studied by understanding the relationship of seed viability with respect to different moisture contents and storage temperature. Seeds are recognized as recalcitrant, being desiccation as well as chilling sensitive. During hermetic storage, seeds stored at 300C/70%RH retained viability for about 5 months and 4 months in 200C/20% RH. Seeds can be best stored for five months in laboratory conditions.

scholarly journals Modeling the Effect of the Oxidation Status of the Ingredient Oil on Stability and Shelf Life of Low-Moisture Bakery Products: The Case Study of Crackers

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 749
Author(s):  
Lara Manzocco ◽  
Giulia Romano ◽  
Sonia Calligaris ◽  
Maria Cristina Nicoli
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Rancid Odor ◽  
Oxidation Degree ◽  
Maillard Reactions ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Peroxide Values ◽  
Oxidation Status

In packed low-moisture foods such as crackers, oxidation is generally the main cause of quality depletion during storage. It is commonly believed, but scarcely investigated, that product shelf life depends on the oxidative status of the lipid ingredients. In this study, the influence of oxidation degree of the ingredient sunflower oil on cracker oxidative stability and hence shelf life was investigated. To this aim, oil with increasing peroxide values (PVs) (5, 11, and 25 mEqO2/kgoil) was used to prepare crackers. Just after production, crackers presented similar peroxide and rancid odor intensity, probably due to the interactive pathways of oxidative and Maillard reactions. Crackers were packed and analyzed for PV and rancid odor during storage at 20, 40, and 60 °C. Rancid odor well discriminated cracker oxidative status. Relevant oxidation rates were used to develop a shelf life predictive model based on the peroxide value of the ingredient oil. It was estimated that an oil PV from 5 to 15 mEqO2/kgoil shortens cracker Shelf Life (SL) by 50%, independently of storage temperature. These results demonstrate the critical impact of ingredient quality on product performance on the market.

scholarly journals Seasonal variations in the leaf surface composition of field grown grapevine plants

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 1229-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Batovska ◽  
Iva Todorova ◽  
Simeon Popov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Plant Environment ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones ◽  
Plant Wax

The leaf surface is the first barrier of grapevine plants towards various environmental stressors causing damage in vineyards. For this reason, identification of leaf surface metabolites in grapevine and their putative role in plant-environment interactions is important for viticulture. In this study, the leaf surface components of 16 grapevine plants (Vitis vinifera) growing in an experimental vineyard were analyzed in two consecutive seasons - the summer and the autumn of 2007. Forty-eight individual metabolites typical of the cuticular plant wax were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). They belonged to the following groups of compounds: hydrocarbons, sterols, terpenes, free and esterified fatty acids, alcohols, aldehydes and ketones. The metabolic profiles of the summer and the autumn samples were statistically different (P < 0.05), which was mainly attributed to the specific insects present in the two seasons and to the adaptation of the grapevine to lower temperatures.

Rapid Quantitation and Confirmation of Aflatoxins in Corn and Peanut Butter, Using a Disposable Silica Gel Column, Thin Layer Chromatography, and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 973-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary W Trucksess ◽  
William C Brumley ◽  
Stanley Nesheim
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Peanut Butter ◽  
Chloroform Solution ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Asimple, rapid, and solvent-efficient method for determining aflatoxins in corn and peanut butter is described. Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 were extracted from SO g sample with 200 mL methanol-water (85 + 15). A portion of the extract was diluted with 10% NaCl solution to a final concentration of 50% methanol, and then defatted with hexane. The aflatoxins were partitioned into chloroform. The chloroform solution was evaporated, and the residue was placed on a 0.5 g disposable silica gel column. The column was washed with 3 mL each of hexane, ethyl ether, and methylene chloride. Aflatoxins were eluted with 6 mL chloroform-acetone (9 + 1). The solvent was removed by evaporation on a steam bath, and the aflatoxins were determined using thin layer chromatography (TLC) with silica gel plates and a chloroform-acetone (9 + 1) developing solvent. Overall average recovery of aflatoxin B] from corn was 82%, and the limit of determination was 2 ng/g. For mass spectrometric (MS) confirmation, aflatoxin B1, in the extract from 3 g sample (20 ng/g) was purified by TLC and applied by direct oncolumn injection at 40°C into a 6 m fused silica capillary gas chromatographic column. The column was connected directly to the ion source. After injection, the temperature was rapidly raised to 250¯C, and the purified extract was analyzed by negative ion chemical ionization MS.

scholarly journals The kinetics of ageing in dry-stored seeds: a comparison of viability loss and RNA degradation in unique legacy seed collections

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (7) ◽  
pp. 1133-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret B Fleming ◽  
Lisa M Hill ◽  
Christina Walters
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Rna Degradation ◽  
Seed Longevity ◽  
Rna Integrity ◽  
Viability Loss ◽  
Rna Integrity Number ◽  
Seed Ageing ◽  
Mode Of Detection ◽  
Ageing Rate

Abstract Background and Aims Determining seed longevity by identifying chemical changes that precede, and may be linked to, seed mortality, is an important but difficult task. The standard assessment, germination proportion, reveals seed longevity by showing that germination proportion declines, but cannot be used to predict when germination will be significantly compromised. Assessment of molecular integrity, such as RNA integrity, may be more informative about changes in seed health that precede viability loss, and has been shown to be useful in soybean. Methods A collection of seeds stored at 5 °C and 35–50 % relative humidity for 1–30 years was used to test how germination proportion and RNA integrity are affected by storage time. Similarly, a collection of seeds stored at temperatures from −12 to +32 °C for 59 years was used to manipulate ageing rate. RNA integrity was calculated using total RNA extracted from one to five seeds per sample, analysed on an Agilent Bioanalyzer. Results Decreased RNA integrity was usually observed before viability loss. Correlation of RNA integrity with storage time or storage temperature was negative and significant for most species tested. Exceptions were watermelon, for which germination proportion and storage time were poorly correlated, and tomato, which showed electropherogram anomalies that affected RNA integrity number calculation. Temperature dependencies of ageing reactions were not significantly different across species or mode of detection. The overall correlation between germination proportion and RNA integrity, across all experiments, was positive and significant. Conclusions Changes in RNA integrity when ageing is asymptomatic can be used to predict onset of viability decline. RNA integrity appears to be a metric of seed ageing that is broadly applicable across species. Time and molecular mobility of the substrate affect both the progress of seed ageing and loss of RNA integrity.

scholarly journals Storage of seeds of Calamus palustris var. cochinchinensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Y.K. Fan ◽  
M. Liu ◽  
J.X. Hu ◽  
M.Y. Ji ◽  
Q.Y. Lan
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Desiccation ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Mature Seeds

The present study examined the effect of temperature (15, 20, 25, 30 and 20/30°C) on germination and the storage behaviour of freshly harvested mature seeds of Calamus palustris var. cochinchinensis. Seed desiccation tolerance and the effects of storage temperature (4 and 15°C), perlite water content (120, 180 and 240%) and seed moisture content (27.8, 38.2 and 49.2%) on viability were observed. Seeds had a higher germination at 25°C (88.3%) than at the other tested temperatures. Germination decreased as the seed moisture content decreased during desiccation. The germination of seeds stored at 15°C was higher than that of seeds stored at 4°C. Germination of seeds stored at 15 and 4°C was <65% and with extension of storage time, the germination decreased, indicating that neither temperature can be used for long-term conservation. For short-term storage, the seeds can be stored at 15°C with perlite with 180% water content in plastic bottles or at 15°C with 49.2% moisture content sealed inside aluminum foil bags.

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