Solid matrix and liquid culture procedures for growth of potatoes

Small particles of a low-melting phase embedded in a solid matrix with a higher melting point offer the possibility of studying the mechanisms of melting and solidification directly by in-situ observation in a transmission electron microscope. Previous studies of Pb, Cd and other low-melting inclusions embedded in an Al matrix have shown well-defined orientation relationships, strongly faceted shapes, and an unusual size-dependent superheating before melting.[e.g. 1,2].In the present study we have examined the shapes and thermal behavior of eutectic Pb-Cd inclusions in Al. Pb and Cd form a simple eutectic system with each other, but both elements are insoluble in solid Al. Ternary alloys of Al (Pb,Cd) were prepared from high purity elements by melt spinning or by sequential ion implantation of the two alloying additions to achieve a total alloying addition of up to lat%. TEM observations were made using a heating stage in a 200kV electron microscope equipped with a video system for recording dynamic behavior.

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Stabilization of pH in Solid-matrix Hydroponic Systems

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.28.10.981 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (10) ◽

pp. 981-984 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jay Frick ◽

Cary A. Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Exchange Resin ◽

Cation Exchange Resin ◽

Solid Matrix ◽

Resin Bead ◽

Resin Beads ◽

Hydroponic Systems ◽

Ethanesulfonic Acid ◽

Substrate Ph

2-[N-morpholino] ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer or Amberlite DP-1 (cation-exchange resin beads) were used to stabilize substrate pH of passive-wicking, solid-matrix hydroponic systems in which small canopies of Brassica napus L. (CrGC 5-2, genome: ACaacc) were grown to maturity. Two concentrations of MES (5 or 10 m m) were included in Hoagland 1 nutrient solution. Alternatively, resin beads were incorporated into the 2 vermiculite: 1 perlite (v/v) growth medium at 6% or 12% of total substrate volume. Both strategies stabilized pH without toxic side effects on plants. Average seed yield rates for all four pH stabilization treatments (13.3 to 16.9 g·m-2·day-1) were about double that of the control (8.2 g·m-2·day-1), for which there was no attempt to buffer substrate pH. Both the highest canopy seed yield rate (16.9 g·m-2·day-1) and the highest shoot harvest index (19.5%) occurred with the 6% resin bead treatment, even though the 10 mm MES and 12% bead treatments maintained pH within the narrowest limits. The pH stabilization methods tested did not significantly affect seed oil and protein contents.

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Enteric viruses in drinking water supplies

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2002.0080 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 17-22

Author(s):

A.P. Wyn-Jones ◽

J. Watkins ◽

C. Francis ◽

M. Laverick ◽

J. Sellwood

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Heavy Rainfall ◽

Liquid Culture ◽

Plaque Assay ◽

Enteric Viruses ◽

Enteric Virus ◽

The Other ◽

Raw Water ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Water Supplies

Two rural spring drinking water supplies were studied for their enteric virus levels. In one, serving about 30 dwellings, the water was chlorinated before distribution; in the other, which served a dairy and six dwellings the water was not treated. Samples of treated (40 l) and untreated (20 l) water were taken under normal and heavy rainfall conditions over a six weeks period and concentrated by adsorption/elution and organic flocculation. Infectious enterovirus in concentrates was detected in liquid culture and enumerated by plaque assay, both in BGM cells, and concentrates were also analysed by RT-PCR. Viruses were found in both raw water supplies. Rural supplies need to be analysed for viruses as well as bacterial and protozoan pathogens if the full microbial hazard is to be determined.

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N-Acetylserotonin vs Melatonin: In-Vitro Controlled Release from Hydrophilic Matrix Tablets

Letters in Drug Design & Discovery ◽

10.2174/1570180815666180404125519 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 347-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. Vlachou ◽

G. Stavrou ◽

A. Siamidi ◽

S. Flitouri ◽

V. Ioannidou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Controlled Release ◽

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Matrix Tablets ◽

Melatonin Receptors ◽

Solid Matrix ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Prolonged Release ◽

Hydrophilic Matrix

Background: N-Acetylserotonin (NAS, N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine) is the immediate precursor of the neurohormone melatonin (MT, N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), which regulates sleep and wake cycles. NAS is produced by the N-acetylation of serotonin and is converted to melatonin via the action of Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT). Like melatonin, NAS acts as an agonist on the melatonin receptors MT1, MT2, and MT3. However, as NAS is abundant in specific brain areas, separate from serotonin and melatonin, it may also have discrete central effects. Indicatively, it has been reported that NAS may play a role in the antidepressant effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs). Objective: To decipher the controlled release characteristics of the active substances (NAS and MT) in a quick initial pace, aiming at a satisfactory sleep-onset related anti-depressive profile and prolonged release, thereafter, targeting at coping with poor sleep quality problems. Methods: A series of hydrophilic matrix tablets involving as excipients, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K15M, low viscosity sodium alginate, lactose monohydrate, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) M.W.: 10.000 and 55.000) was developed and tested at two dissolution media (pH 1.2 and 7.4). Results: The results showed that commonly used excipients with different physicochemical properties govern the controlled release of NAS and MT from solid matrix systems. Conclusions: We have demonstrated how broadly used excipients affect the in vitro controlled release of NAS and MT from solid pharmaceutical formulations. Currently, we extend our studies on the controlled release of these drugs using various other biopolymers/formulants of different physicochemical characteristics, which will help to highlight the discrete release profiles of NAS and MT.

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Can fluorosyl hydride be formed or even prepared?

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19900890 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 890-895

Author(s):

Rudolf Zahradník ◽

B. Andes Hess

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Quantum Chemical Calculations ◽

Quantum Chemical ◽

Solid Matrix ◽

Vibrational Characteristics ◽

Very Low Temperature

HFO and HClO (fluorosyl and chlorosyl hydrides) and isomeric molecules HOF and HOCl (hypofluorous and hypochlorous acids) have been studied theoretically. On the basis of nonempiracal quantum chemical calculations (MP2, MP4 and CCD/6-311G**) geometry, energy and vibrational characteristics are analyzed and it is concluded that there is a poor chance to observe formation of HFO. Possibly, bombardment of HF in a solid matrix by 16O could lead at very low temperature to HFO.

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Control of Winged Waterprimrose (Jussiaea decurrens) and Northern Jointvetch (Aeschynomene virginica) with Fungal Pathogens

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500044477 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 497-501 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

C. D. Boyette ◽

G. E. Templeton ◽

R. J. Smith

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Glycine Max ◽

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Liquid Culture ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽

Pathogenic Fungus ◽

Field Tests ◽

Wide Range ◽

Growing Region

An indigenous, host-specific, pathogenic fungus that parasitizes winged waterprimrose [Jussiaea decurrens(Walt.) DC.] is endemic in the rice growing region of Arkansas. The fungus was isolated and identified asColletotrichum gloeosporioides(Penz.) Sacc. f.sp. jussiaeae(CGJ). It is highly specific for parasitism of winged waterprimrose and not parasitic on creeping waterprimrose (J. repensL. var.glabrescensKtze.), rice (Oryza sativaL.), soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.], cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.), or 4 other crops and 13 other weeds. The fungus was physiologically distinct from C.gloeosporioides(Penz.) Sacc. f. sp.aeschynomene(CGA), an endemic anthracnose pathogen of northern jointvetch[Aeschynomene virginica(L.) B.S.P.], as indicated by cross inoculations of both weeds. Culture in the laboratory and inoculation of winged waterprimrose in greenhouse, growth chamber and field experiments indicated that the pathogen was stable, specific, and virulent in a wide range of environments. The pathogen yielded large quantities of spores in liquid culture. It is suitable for control of winged waterprimrose. Winged waterprimrose and northern jointvetch were controlled in greenhouse and field tests by application of spore mixtures of CGJ and CGA at concentrations of 1 to 2 million spores/ml of each fungus in 94 L/ha of water; the fungi did not damage rice or nontarget crops.

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Isolation of Mycobacterium avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis in the Feces and Tissue of Small Ruminants Using a Non-Automated Liquid Culture Method

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10010020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 20

Author(s):

Luigi De Grossi ◽

Davide Santori ◽

Antonino Barone ◽

Silvia Abbruzzese ◽

Matteo Ricchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Avium ◽

Liquid Culture ◽

Culture Media ◽

Small Ruminants ◽

Culture Method ◽

Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽

Type I ◽

Culture Methods ◽

Specific Pcr ◽

Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis

Paratuberculosis is a chronic disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP). Since isolation of MAP type I (S) is rarely reported in Italy, our research was aimed at isolating, by an inexpensive liquid culture manual method, this type of MAP isolates. At first, we used an ELISA to point out to serologically positive samples from five flocks. Secondly, we used a fecal direct IS900-qPCR on the ELISA positive samples, in order to detect shedder animals. Feces from IS900-qPCR positive samples were inoculated in solid and liquid culture media. IS900-qPCR was further used to test the growth of MAP isolates in liquid medium, which were further confirmed by f57-qPCR and submitted to typing by specific PCR in order to identify the MAP type. Twenty-eight samples (24 fecal and four tissutal samples) were processed by culture methods, resulting in the isolation of six type I MAP field isolates. Notably, no isolates were recovered by solid media, underlining the utility of this liquid method. Few data about this type of MAP are currently available in Italy, and further analyses should be carried out in order to study the origin and epidemiology of type I strains circulating in Italy.

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Massiliamide, a cyclic tetrapeptide with potent tyrosinase inhibitory properties from the Gram-negative bacterium Massilia albidiflava DSM 17472T

The Journal of Antibiotics ◽

10.1038/s41429-020-00394-y ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Andri Frediansyah ◽

Jan Straetener ◽

Heike Brötz-Oesterhelt ◽

Harald Gross

Keyword(s):

Absolute Configuration ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Liquid Culture ◽

Spectroscopic Analysis ◽

2D Nmr ◽

Negative Bacterium ◽

Gram Negative ◽

The Absolute ◽

Potent Inhibitory Activity ◽

Cyclic Tetrapeptide

AbstractA cyclic tetrapeptide, designated massiliamide, was isolated from the liquid culture of the Gram-negative bacterium Massilia albidiflava DSM 17472T. The structure was elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis, including HR-MS and 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The absolute configuration was determined using the Marfey´s method. Massiliamide showed potent inhibitory activity towards tyrosinase with an IC50 value of 1.15 µM and no cytotoxicity.

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Effect of pH on the dissolution of drug particle dispersed in solid matrix of hydrogenated soya phospholipid

International Journal of Pharmaceutics ◽

10.1016/0378-5173(89)90118-x ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 179-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Koichi Takahashi ◽

Toyoshi Katagi ◽

Satoko Tamagawa ◽

Toshiaki Nishihata

Keyword(s):

Solid Matrix ◽

Effect Of Ph ◽

Drug Particle

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Manipulation of the Glass Transition Properties of a High-Solid System Made of Acrylic Acid-N,N′-Methylenebisacrylamide Copolymer Grafted on Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22052682 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 2682

Author(s):

Nazim Nassar ◽

Felicity Whitehead ◽

Taghrid Istivan ◽

Robert Shanks ◽

Stefan Kasapis

Keyword(s):

Glass Transition ◽

Acrylic Acid ◽

Methyl Cellulose ◽

Small Deformation ◽

Polymerization Reaction ◽

Solid Matrix ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽

High Solid ◽

Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

Crosslinking of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and acrylic acid (AAc) was carried out at various compositions to develop a high-solid matrix with variable glass transition properties. The matrix was synthesized by the copolymerisation of two monomers, AAc and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and their grafting onto HMPC. Potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) was used to initiate the free radical polymerization reaction and tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) to accelerate radical polymerisation. Structural properties of the network were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC), small-deformation dynamic oscillation in-shear, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show the formation of a cohesive macromolecular entity that is highly amorphous. There is a considerable manipulation of the rheological and calorimetric glass transition temperatures as a function of the amount of added acrylic acid, which is followed upon heating by an extensive rubbery plateau. Complementary TGA work demonstrates that the initial composition of all the HPMC-AAc networks is maintained up to 200 °C, an outcome that bodes well for applications of targeted bioactive compound delivery.

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