Development of edible gels and films as potential strategy to revalorize entire male pork

Abstract Obesity and increased body adiposity have been alarmingly increasing over the past decades and have been linked to a rise in food intake. Many dietary restrictive approaches aiming at reducing weight have resulted in contradictory results. Additionally, some policies to reduce sugar or fat intake were not able to decrease the surge of obesity. This suggests that food intake is controlled by a physiological mechanism and that any behavioural change only leads to a short-term success. Several hypotheses have been postulated, and many of them have been rejected due to some limitations and exceptions. The present review aims at presenting a new theory behind the regulation of energy intake, therefore providing an eye-opening field for energy balance and a potential strategy for obesity management.

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Herceptin-Resistance and Overexpression of Anti-Apoptotic Molecule Bcl-XL: a Potential Strategy for Overcoming Resistance to Herceptin

10.21236/ada464017 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Liang Xu

Keyword(s):

Potential Strategy ◽

Herceptin Resistance

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MiRNA-145 and Its Direct Downstream Targets in Digestive System Cancers: A Promising Therapeutic Target

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612826666201029095702 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

Author(s):

Yini Ma ◽

Xiu Cao ◽

Guojuan Shi ◽

Tianlu Shi

Keyword(s):

Digestive System ◽

Target Genes ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Vital Role ◽

Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽

Cellular Processes ◽

Promising Therapeutic Target ◽

Direct Target ◽

Potential Strategy

: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in the onset and development of many diseases, including cancers. Emerging evidence shows that numerous miRNAs have the potential to be used as diagnostic biomarkers for cancers, and miRNA-based therapy may be a promising therapy for the treatment of malignant neoplasm. MicroRNA-145 (miR-145) has been considered to play certain roles in various cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, via modulating expression of direct target genes. Recent reports show that miR-145 participates in the progression of digestive system cancers, and plays crucial and novel roles for cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the recent knowledge concerning the function of miR-145 and its direct targets in digestive system cancers. We discuss the potential role of miR-145 as valuable biomarkers for digestive system cancers and how miR-145 regulates these digestive system cancers via different targets to explore the potential strategy of targeting miR-145.

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Uncovering the Diversification of Tissue Engineering on the Emergent Areas of Stem Cells, Nanotechnology and Biomaterials

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.2174/1574888x15666200103124821 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 187-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sunil K. Dubey ◽

Amit Alexander ◽

Munnangi Sivaram ◽

Mukta Agrawal ◽

Gautam Singhvi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Immune System ◽

Clinical Application ◽

Cell Types ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Potential Strategy ◽

Induced Pluripotent ◽

Treat All ◽

The Impact

Damaged or disabled tissue is life-threatening due to the lack of proper treatment. Many conventional transplantation methods like autograft, iso-graft and allograft are in existence for ages, but they are not sufficient to treat all types of tissue or organ damages. Stem cells, with their unique capabilities like self-renewal and differentiate into various cell types, can be a potential strategy for tissue regeneration. However, the challenges like reproducibility, uncontrolled propagation and differentiation, isolation of specific kinds of cell and tumorigenic nature made these stem cells away from clinical application. Today, various types of stem cells like embryonic, fetal or gestational tissue, mesenchymal and induced-pluripotent stem cells are under investigation for their clinical application. Tissue engineering helps in configuring the stem cells to develop into a desired viable tissue, to use them clinically as a substitute for the conventional method. The use of stem cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) is being studied to replace the stem cells, which decreases the immunological complications associated with the direct administration of stem cells. Tissue engineering also investigates various biomaterials to use clinically, either to replace the bones or as a scaffold to support the growth of stemcells/ tissue. Depending upon the need, there are various biomaterials like bio-ceramics, natural and synthetic biodegradable polymers to support replacement or regeneration of tissue. Like the other fields of science, tissue engineering is also incorporating the nanotechnology to develop nano-scaffolds to provide and support the growth of stem cells with an environment mimicking the Extracellular matrix (ECM) of the desired tissue. Tissue engineering is also used in the modulation of the immune system by using patient-specific Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and by modifying the physical features of scaffolds that may provoke the immune system. This review describes the use of various stem cells, biomaterials and the impact of nanotechnology in regenerative medicine.

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LOXL1 confers antiapoptosis and promotes gliomagenesis through stabilizing BAG2

Cell Death and Differentiation ◽

10.1038/s41418-020-0558-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (11) ◽

pp. 3021-3036 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hua Yu ◽

Jun Ding ◽

Hongwen Zhu ◽

Yao Jing ◽

Hu Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Chaperone ◽

Glioma Cell ◽

Lysyl Oxidase ◽

The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽

Loss Of Function ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Important Mediator ◽

Cancer Genome Atlas ◽

Potential Strategy ◽

Glioma Progression

Abstract The lysyl oxidase (LOX) family is closely related to the progression of glioma. To ensure the clinical significance of LOX family in glioma, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was mined and the analysis indicated that higher LOXL1 expression was correlated with more malignant glioma progression. The functions of LOXL1 in promoting glioma cell survival and inhibiting apoptosis were studied by gain- and loss-of-function experiments in cells and animals. LOXL1 was found to exhibit antiapoptotic activity by interacting with multiple antiapoptosis modulators, especially BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 2 (BAG2). LOXL1-D515 interacted with BAG2-K186 through a hydrogen bond, and its lysyl oxidase activity prevented BAG2 degradation by competing with K186 ubiquitylation. Then, we discovered that LOXL1 expression was specifically upregulated through the VEGFR-Src-CEBPA axis. Clinically, the patients with higher LOXL1 levels in their blood had much more abundant BAG2 protein levels in glioma tissues. Conclusively, LOXL1 functions as an important mediator that increases the antiapoptotic capacity of tumor cells, and approaches targeting LOXL1 represent a potential strategy for treating glioma. In addition, blood LOXL1 levels can be used as a biomarker to monitor glioma progression.

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Heat precondition is a potential strategy to combat hepatic injury triggered by severe heat stress

Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119094 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 269 ◽

pp. 119094

Author(s):

Avinash Gupta ◽

Dolly Sharma ◽

Harshita Gupta ◽

Ajeet Singh ◽

Daipayan Chowdhury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Hepatic Injury ◽

Severe Heat Stress ◽

Potential Strategy

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IKKε isoform switching governs the immune response against EV71 infection

Communications Biology ◽

10.1038/s42003-021-02187-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ya-Ling Chang ◽

Yu-Wen Liao ◽

Min-Hsuan Chen ◽

Sui-Yuan Chang ◽

Yao-Ting Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Host Cells ◽

Ev71 Infection ◽

Virus Propagation ◽

Host Interactions ◽

Reciprocal Interactions ◽

Isoform Switching ◽

Gene Regulatory ◽

Potential Strategy ◽

Antiviral Innate Immunity ◽

Interferon Responses

AbstractThe reciprocal interactions between pathogens and hosts are complicated and profound. A comprehensive understanding of these interactions is essential for developing effective therapies against infectious diseases. Interferon responses induced upon virus infection are critical for establishing host antiviral innate immunity. Here, we provide a molecular mechanism wherein isoform switching of the host IKKε gene, an interferon-associated molecule, leads to alterations in IFN production during EV71 infection. We found that IKKε isoform 2 (IKKε v2) is upregulated while IKKε v1 is downregulated in EV71 infection. IKKε v2 interacts with IRF7 and promotes IRF7 activation through phosphorylation and translocation of IRF7 in the presence of ubiquitin, by which the expression of IFNβ and ISGs is elicited and virus propagation is attenuated. We also identified that IKKε v2 is activated via K63-linked ubiquitination. Our results suggest that host cells induce IKKε isoform switching and result in IFN production against EV71 infection. This finding highlights a gene regulatory mechanism in pathogen-host interactions and provides a potential strategy for establishing host first-line defense against pathogens.

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Playing Politics: How Sabarimala Played Out on TikTok

American Behavioral Scientist ◽

10.1177/0002764221989769 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 000276422198976

Author(s):

Darsana Vijay ◽

Alex Gekker

Keyword(s):

Popular Culture ◽

Political Participation ◽

Hate Speech ◽

News Coverage ◽

Political Actor ◽

The Past ◽

Indian Context ◽

Political Contention ◽

Social Media Platforms ◽

Potential Strategy

TikTok is commonly known as a playful, silly platform where teenagers share 15-second videos of crazy stunts or act out funny snippets from popular culture. In the past few years, it has experienced exponential growth and popularity, unseating Facebook as the most downloaded app. Interestingly, recent news coverage notes the emergence of TikTok as a political actor in the Indian context. They raise concerns over the abundance of divisive content, hate speech, and the lack of platform accountability in countering these issues. In this article, we analyze how politics is performed on TikTok and how the platform’s design shapes such expressions and their circulation. What does the playful architecture of TikTok mean to the nature of its political discourse and participation? To answer this, we review existing academic work on play, media, and political participation and then examine the case of Sabarimala through the double lens of ludic engagement and platform-specific features. The efficacy of play as a productive heuristic to study political contention on social media platforms is demonstrated. Finally, we turn to ludo-literacy as a potential strategy that can reveal the structures that order playful political participation and can initiate alternative modes of playing politics.

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Expression of Anti-Lipopolysaccharide Factor Isoform 3 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Showing High Antimicrobial Activity

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19050239 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 239

Author(s):

Anguo Li ◽

Ruihao Huang ◽

Chaogang Wang ◽

Qunju Hu ◽

Hui Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Peptides ◽

Antimicrobial Peptide ◽

Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽

Penaeus Monodon ◽

Total Soluble Protein ◽

Cell Factory ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Resistance Selection ◽

Expression Cluster ◽

Potential Strategy

Antimicrobial peptides are a class of proteins with antibacterial functions. In this study, the anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoform 3 gene (ALFPm3), encoding an antimicrobial peptide from Penaeus monodon with a super activity was expressed in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which would develop a microalga strain that can be used for the antimicrobial peptide production. To construct the expression cluster, namely pH2A-Pm3, the codon optimized ALFPm3 gene was fused with the ble reporter by 2A peptide and inserted into pH124 vector. The glass-bead method was performed to transform pH2A-Pm3 into C. reinhardtii CC-849. In addition to 8 μg/mL zeocin resistance selection, the C. reinhardtii transformants were further confirmed by genomic PCR and RT-PCR. Western blot analysis showed that the C. reinhardtii-derived ALFPm3 (cALFPm3) was successfully expressed in C. reinhardtii transformants and accounted for 0.35% of the total soluble protein (TSP). Furthermore, the results of antibacterial assay revealed that the cALFPm3 could significantly inhibit the growth of a variety of bacteria, including both Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria at a concentration of 0.77 μM. Especially, the inhibition could last longer than 24 h, which performed better than ampicillin. Hence, this study successfully developed a transgenic C. reinhardtii strain, which can produce the active ALFPm3 driven from P. monodon, providing a potential strategy to use C. reinhardtii as the cell factory to produce antimicrobial peptides.

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Antiviral Activities of a Medicinal Plant Extract Against Sacbrood Virus in Honeybees

Virology Journal ◽

10.1186/s12985-021-01550-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Liping Sun ◽

Xueqi Zhang ◽

Shufa Xu ◽

Chunsheng Hou ◽

Jin Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Honey Bees ◽

Apis Cerana ◽

Larval Growth ◽

Antiviral Agent ◽

Antiviral Effect ◽

Absolute Quantification ◽

Chinese Medicinal Herb ◽

Sacbrood Virus ◽

Antiviral Activities ◽

Potential Strategy

Abstract Background Sacbrood is an infectious disease of the honey bee caused by Scbrood virus (SBV) which belongs to the family Iflaviridae and is especially lethal for Asian honeybee Apis cerana. Chinese Sacbrood virus (CSBV) is a geographic strain of SBV. Currently, there is a lack of an effective antiviral agent for controlling CSBV infection in honey bees. Methods Here, we explored the antiviral effect of a Chinese medicinal herb Radix isatidis on CSBV infection in A. cerana by inoculating the 3rd instar larvae with purified CSBV and treating the infected bee larvae with R. isatidis extract at the same time. The growth, development, and survival of larvae between the control and treatment groups were compared. The CSBV copy number at the 4th instar, 5th instar, and 6th instar larvae was measured by the absolute quantification PCR method. Results Bioassays revealed that R. isatidis extract significantly inhibited the replication of CSBV, mitigated the impacts of CSBV on larval growth and development, reduced the mortality of CSBV-infected A. cerana larvae, and modulated the expression of immune transcripts in infected bees. Conclusion Although the mechanism underlying the inhibition of CSBV replication by the medicine plant will require further investigation, this study demonstrated the antiviral activity of R. isatidis extract and provides a potential strategy for controlling SBV infection in honey bees.

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