A review of medicinal plants used in the Brazilian Cerrado for the treatment of fungal and bacterial infections

Bacterial infections are in less-developed countries traditionally treated by remedies prepared from medicinal plants.Embelia schimperi(Vatke) is a plant used as a taenicide or disinfectant in Ethiopia, very often taken mixed with another plant species. In the present study, we examined two extracts prepared from seeds and twigs with leaves ofE. schimperiand its main present secondary metabolite embelin for their antibacterial combinatory effect with oxacillin and tetracycline against sensitive and resistantStaphylococcus aureusstrains. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined through the broth microdilution method, whereas the combinatory effect was evaluated through fractional inhibitory concentration sum (ΣFIC) indices. Results show many positive interactions and synergy occurring in embelin and oxacillin combinations against 4 out of 9 strains (ΣFIC 0.203–0.477) and for embelin and tetracycline combination against 3 out of 9 strains (ΣFIC 0.400–0.496). Moreover, the resistance to oxacillin has been overcome in 2 strains and to tetracycline in 3 strains. According to our knowledge, this is the first study showing antimicrobial combinatory effect ofE. schimperias well as of embelin. These findings can be used for the further research targeted on the development of new antistaphylococcal agents.

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Medicinal Plants for the Prevention and Treatment of Bacterial Infections

Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry - (Volume 4) ◽

10.2174/978160805207310904010248 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 248-284

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Prevention And Treatment

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Medicinal Plants from Brazilian Cerrado: Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential and Protection against Chemotherapy Toxicity

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2019/3685264 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

José Tarcísio de Giffoni de Carvalho ◽

Débora da Silva Baldivia ◽

Daniel Ferreira Leite ◽

Laura Costa Alves de Araújo ◽

Priscilla Pereira de Toledo Espindola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Review Article ◽

Malignant Cells ◽

Cell Toxicity ◽

Brazilian Cerrado ◽

Therapeutic Approaches ◽

Chemotherapy Toxicity

The use of natural antioxidants in cancer therapy has increased: first, due to the potential of natural antioxidants to kill tumour cells and second, because of their capacity to protect healthy cells from the damage caused by chemotherapy. This review article discusses the antioxidant properties of extracts obtained from medicinal plants from the Brazilian Cerrado and the cell death profile induced by each of these extracts in malignant cells. Next, we describe the capacity of other medicinal plants from the Cerrado to protect against chemotherapy-induced cell toxicity. Finally, we focus on recent insights into the cell death profile induced by extracts from Cerrado plants and perspectives for future therapeutic approaches.

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A Systematic Literature Review of the Potential Therapeutic Effects of Ayahuasca Tea Prepared From the Use of Banisteriopsis Caapi and Psychotria Viridis

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v9i1.17910 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 112

Author(s):

Adriane Cordeiro Trevisani ◽

João Pedro Cordeiro Trevisani ◽

Moacir Haverroth ◽

Ailton Da Cruz Melo ◽

Isabela Carvalho dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Literature Review ◽

Traditional Knowledge ◽

Plant Species ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Alternative Therapy ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Efficacy And Safety

Ayahuasca is a drink of indigenous origin made as a decoction obtained from medicinal plants found mainly in Acre, state of Brazil, which are the leaves of Psychtoria viridis, popularly known as “chacrona” in Brazil, and the stem of Banisteriopsis caapi, commonly known as mariri or jagube. The decoction is used in religious practices for the therapy of diseases that affect the human being, such as psychological disorders, neurological, parasitic and bacterial infections. Considering the existing bioactive compounds and the therapeutic potential of ayahuasca, this study aims to carry out a literature review of scientific articles (PubMed, Scielo and LILACS) in order to gather knowledge within 30 years of study about the therapeutic potentials of ayahuasca. In the current literature, the studies focus on the area of neuropsychology, dealing with ayahuasca as a form of therapy for neurological and neuromotor disorders. In addition, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant actions have already been reported. However, new studies are still needed in these areas in order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ayahuasca and its component plant species, in order to use it as an alternative therapy, especially in the population from which the traditional knowledge about this beverage came from.

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Bactericidal Potential of Local Medicinal Plants of Kashmir Valley in Fishes: A Review

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2021/v40i2731524 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 21-27

Author(s):

Inain Jaies ◽

Feroz Ahmad Shah ◽

Shabir Ahmad Dar ◽

Syed Shariq Nazir Qadiri ◽

Asifa Wali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Significant Loss ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Kashmir Valley ◽

Antibacterial Drugs ◽

Bacterial Diseases ◽

Natural Herb

Bacterial diseases in fishes create one of the alarming situations that render significant loss to the fishing industries and aquacultural farm units worldwide. Various drugs have been formulated, standardized, and used in the industry to combat bacterial infections. However, non-judicious drugs can lead to pharmacological problems and induction of toxicity in fishes, leaving them less suitable for human consumption. These drugs can be supplemented with the natural herb plants having antibacterial activities, although they cannot be used solely to curb the menace. Therefore, the review put forth an idea, which plant herbs can be used as antibacterial drugs in fishes.

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UHPLC-(ESI)-HRMS and NMR-Based Metabolomics Approach to Access the Seasonality of Byrsonima intermedia and Serjania marginata From Brazilian Cerrado Flora Diversity

Frontiers in Chemistry ◽

10.3389/fchem.2021.710025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Ana C. Zanatta ◽

Wagner Vilegas ◽

RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Plant Species ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Shikimic Acid ◽

Metabolite Profile ◽

Native Plant ◽

Brazilian Cerrado ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Native Plant Species ◽

Rich Diversity

Seasonality is one of the major environmental factors that exert influence over the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. The application of the metabolomics approach for quality control of plant extracts is essentially important because it helps one to establish a standard metabolite profile and to analyze factors that affect the effectiveness of the medicinal plants. The Brazilian Cerrado flora is characterized by a rich diversity of native plant species, and a number of these plant species have been found to have suitable medicinal properties. Some of these plant species include Byrsonima intermedia and Serjania marginata. To better understand the chemical composition of these plant species, we conducted a study using the state-of-the-art techniques including the HPLC system coupled to an Exactive-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization interface UHPLC-(ESI)-HRMS and by NMR being performed 2D J-resolved and proton NMR spectroscopy. For the analysis, samples were harvested bimonthly during two consecutive years. UHPLC-(ESI)-HRMS data were preprocessed and the output data uploaded into an in-house Excel macro for peak dereplication. MS and NMR data were concatenated using the data fusion method and submitted to multivariate statistical analysis. The dereplication of LC-HRMS data helped in the annotation of the major compounds present in the extracts of the three plant species investigated allowing the annotation of 68 compounds in the extracts of B. intermedia (cinnamic acids, phenolic acids derived from galloyl quinic and shikimic acid, proanthocyanidins, glycosylated flavonoids, triterpenes and other phenols) and 81 compounds in the extracts of S. marginata (phenolic acids, saponins, proanthocyanidins, glycosylated flavonoids among other compounds). For a better assessment of the great number of responses, the significance of the chemical variables for the differentiation and correlation of the seasons was determined using the variable importance on projection (VIP) technique and through the application of the false discovery rate (FDR) estimation. The statistical data obtained showed that seasonal factors played an important role on the production of metabolites in each plant species. Temperature conditions, drought and solar radiation were found to be the main factors that affected the variability of phenolic compounds in each species.

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Phytochemical Study and Biological Activities of Two Medicinal Plants used in Burkina Faso: Lannea velutina A. Rich (Anacardiaceae) and Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae)

Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences ◽

10.9734/ajocs/2019/v6i318997 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dramane Pare ◽

Jotham Yhi-pênê N’do ◽

Samson Guenne ◽

Mahamadi Nikiema ◽

Adama Hilou

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Phytochemical Study ◽

Ximenia Americana ◽

Study Laboratory

Background: Bacterial infections are at the origin of a number of serious pathologies, including meningitis, bronchopneumopathies, typhoid fever and especially diarrhea, which are still a real public health problem for the child population in developing countries. In most of these countries, people use medicinal plants for primary health care. The objective of this study was to determine the content of phenolic compounds, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of extracts from two plants used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso, Lannea velutina and Ximenia americana. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry (LABIOCA). Methods: The total phenolics and flavonoid content of the ethanolic extract extracts were determined by spectrometric assay. The DPPH and FRAP method were used to measure the antioxidant capacity of the extracts. The antibacterial potential was determined on five bacterial strains. Results: The ethanolic extracts of Lannea velutina showed the best polyphenol content with 969.67±8.23 mgGAE/g extract against 753.145917±66.31 mgGAE/g extract for Ximenia americana. On the DPPH radical Ximenia americana gave the best activity with a percentage inhibition of 62.32±0.17% compared to Lannea velutina. This species also gave the best reducing activity with a reducing capacity of 3.45±0.97 mmol EAA/10 g of extract. Shigella dysenteria and Staphylococcus aureus were susceptible to Lannea velutina and Ximenia americana with inhibition diameters greater than 8 mm. Conclusion: These results showed that the extract has good antioxidant potential as well as antimicrobial activity. These extracts could be used to prevent damage from oxidative stress and infections.

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In Vitro Assessment of Selected Medicinal Plants Used by the Bapedi Community in South Africa for Treatment of Bacterial Infections

Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine ◽

10.1177/2515690x18762736 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. 2515690X1876273 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Refilwe Given Kudumela ◽

Peter Masoko

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Scientific Information ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Limpopo Province ◽

Total Phenolic

There is very little scientific information on indigenous plants used for medicinal purposes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the leaves of Commelina africana, Elephantorrhiza elephantina, Dombeya rotundifolia, and the whole plant excluding the roots of Schkuhria pinnata indigenous medicinal plants from the Limpopo Province, which may be used for the treatment in humans infected with bacterial pathogens. The screening of different phytoconstituents using standard methods revealed the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The total phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid content were estimated using spectrophotometric methods. D rotundifolia had the highest amounts of phenol (259.00 ± 2.65 mg of gallic acid equivalent [GAE]/g), tannin (330.33 ± 15.63 mg of GAE/g), and flavonoid (19.90 ± 0.75 mg of quercetin equivalent [QE]/g) content, while S pinnata had the least. All the plants had antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the bioautography method. The microbroth dilution assay revealed antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration values raining from 0.02 to 2.50 mg/mL. D rotundifolia had the highest antioxidant activity in both the free radical scavenging and ferric reducing power methods. S pinnata and C africana extracts had high antibacterial activity, while D rotundifolia had high antioxidant activity, which made them potential plants for isolation of bioactive compounds and possible application in the pharmaceutical industry.

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Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plants and Their Constituents in the Context of Skin and Wound Infections, Considering European Legislation and Folk Medicine—A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms221910746 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (19) ◽

pp. 10746

Author(s):

Silvia Bittner Fialová ◽

Katarína Rendeková ◽

Pavel Mučaji ◽

Milan Nagy ◽

Lívia Slobodníková

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Scientific Work ◽

European Medicines Agency ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Scientific Databases ◽

Therapeutic Uses ◽

Medicinal Use

Bacterial infections of skin and wounds may seriously decrease the quality of life and even cause death in some patients. One of the largest concerns in their treatment is the growing antimicrobial resistance of bacterial infectious agents and the spread of resistant strains not only in the hospitals but also in the community. This trend encourages researchers to seek for new effective and safe therapeutical agents. The pharmaceutical industry, focusing mainly on libraries of synthetic compounds as a drug discovery source, is often failing in the battle with bacteria. In contrast, many of the natural compounds, and/or the whole and complex plants extracts, are effective in this field, inactivating the resistant bacterial strains or decreasing their virulence. Natural products act comprehensively; many of them have not only antibacterial, but also anti-inflammatory effects and may support tissue regeneration and wound healing. The European legislative is in the field of natural products medicinal use formed by European Medicines Agency (EMA), based on the scientific work of its Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC). HMPC establishes EU monographs covering the therapeutic uses and safe conditions for herbal substances and preparations, mostly based on folk medicine, but including data from scientific research. In this review, the medicinal plants and their active constituents recommended by EMA for skin disorders are discussed in terms of their antibacterial effect. The source of information about these plant products in the review is represented by research articles listed in scientific databases (Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, etc.) published in recent years.

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