Potential applications of antioxidant lignins from different sources

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Vinardell ◽  
V. Ugartondo ◽  
M. Mitjans
Keyword(s):  
Potential Applications ◽  
Different Sources

scholarly journals Encapsulation of the Antistaphylococcal Endolysin LysRODI in pH-Sensitive Liposomes

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Portilla ◽  
Lucía Fernández ◽  
Diana Gutiérrez ◽  
Ana Rodríguez ◽  
Pilar García
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Resistance Development ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Opportunistic Human Pathogen ◽  
Different Sources

Phage lysins are promising new therapeutics against multidrug-resistant bacteria. These so-called enzybiotics offer, amongst their most notable advantages, high target specificity and low resistance development. Moreover, there are numerous recent and ongoing studies aimed at demonstrating the efficacy and safety of endolysins in animal models or even in clinical trials. Nonetheless, as is the case for other antimicrobials, it is important to assess potential strategies that may broaden their potential applications or improve their stability. Encapsulation, for instance, has given very good results for some antibiotics. This study sought to evaluate the feasibility of encapsulating an endolysin against the opportunistic human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, one of the most problematic bacteria in the context of the current antibiotic resistance crisis. Endolysin LysRODI has antimicrobial activity against many S. aureus strains from different sources, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates. Here, this protein was encapsulated in pH-sensitive liposomes with an efficacy of approximately 47%, retaining its activity after being released from the nanocapsules. Additionally, the encapsulated endolysin effectively reduced S. aureus cell counts by > 2log units in both planktonic cultures and biofilms upon incubation at pH 5. These results demonstrate the viability of LysRODI encapsulation in liposomes for its targeted delivery under mild acidic conditions.

scholarly journals Quantifying the impacts of urban human-wildlife conflicts – how can we solve the urban gull problem in St Andrews?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grania P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Urban Wildlife ◽  
Herring Gulls ◽  
Larus Fuscus ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Number Species ◽  
The Town ◽  
Different Sources

AbstractInteractions between urban wildlife and people are increasing globally. Some of these interactions can be negative and lead to human-wildlife conflicts. In St Andrews, Scotland, residents and business owners have come into conflict with herring gulls (Larus argentatus) and lesser black-backed gulls (Larus fuscus) that nest and forage in the town. This study quantified the number, species and distribution of nesting gulls; the vulnerability of different sources of rubbish to attack; and the likelihood of negative human-gull interactions related to food. Surveys were conducted in St Andrews during the 2016 breeding season (May-July). Nesting gull density and distribution were estimated during weekly street surveys of buildings; vantage surveys were conducted for some buildings and a correction factor estimating a minimum number of nesting gulls was produced. 110 nesting gull pairs were estimated and these occupied ~10% of buildings. The vulnerability of waste sources to attack was monitored during transects recording whether or not rubbish sources were attacked. Black bin bags had the highest probability of being attacked, but placing these in secured hessian bags prevented this. The frequency of negative human-gull interactions involving food at street-level was determined during 10-minute timed watches at various locations. Incidences of gulls taking food were rare; only eight were seen in 30 hours of watches. Altering human behaviour (for example, disposing of waste securely) will mitigate potential issues with urban wildlife. Findings from this study will enable effective management of human-gull conflicts in St Andrews and have potential applications in other urban communities.

Artificial Intelligence for a Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Sánchez de la Nava ◽  
Felipe Atienza ◽  
Javier Bermejo ◽  
Francisco Fernández-Avilés
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Large Patient ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Personalized Diagnosis ◽  
Different Sources

Although Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, its early identification, diagnosis, and treatment is still challenging. Due to its heterogeneous mechanisms and risk-factors, targeting an individualized treatment of AF demands a large amount of patient data to identify specific patterns. Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms are particularly well suited for treating high-dimensional data, predicting outcomes and, eventually, optimizing strategies for patient management. The analysis of large patient samples combining different sources of information such as blood biomarkers, electrical signals and medical images opens a new paradigm for improving diagnostic algorithms. In this review, we summarize suitable AI techniques for this purpose. In particular, we describe potential applications for understanding the structural and functional bases of the disease, as well as for improving early noninvasive diagnosis, developing more efficient therapies, and predicting long-term clinical outcomes of AF patients.

Rapid Detection of E. Coli in Water Using Monoclonal Antibodies

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Joret ◽  
P. Cervantes ◽  
Y. Levi ◽  
N. Dumoutier ◽  
L. Cognet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Shigella Species ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Immunofluorescent Technique ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Periplasmic Enzyme

The specificity of three polyclonal and eleven monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) directed against either an external constitutive protein of the outer membrane of E. coli (porin O mpF) or an enzyme localised into the periplasmic space of this bacterium (alkaline phosphatase) was tested. Among 251 gram-negative bacteria tested, one MoAb was selected as being able to recognize specifically periplasmic enzyme extracts of E. coli (118 strains isolated from different sources i.e. medical, fecal and environmental) and Shigella species (12 strains). This MoAb allows the recognition of whole cells of E. foli seeded in drinking water by using an immunofluorescent technique after preconcentration of bacteria on polycarbonate filters. The potential applications of this technique for rapidly detecting E. coli from fecally polluted drinking water (less than three hours) without the need of extended subcultures is discussed.

scholarly journals Antifreeze Proteins and Their Practical Utilization in Industry, Medicine, and Agriculture

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1649
Author(s):  
Azadeh Eskandari ◽  
Thean Chor Leow ◽  
Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman ◽  
Siti Nurbaya Oslan
Keyword(s):  
Freezing Point ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Antifreeze Proteins ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Ice Recrystallization ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Β Sheets ◽  
Different Sources

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are specific proteins, glycopeptides, and peptides made by different organisms to allow cells to survive in sub-zero conditions. AFPs function by reducing the water’s freezing point and avoiding ice crystals’ growth in the frozen stage. Their capability in modifying ice growth leads to the stabilization of ice crystals within a given temperature range and the inhibition of ice recrystallization that decreases the drip loss during thawing. This review presents the potential applications of AFPs from different sources and types. AFPs can be found in diverse sources such as fish, yeast, plants, bacteria, and insects. Various sources reveal different α-helices and β-sheets structures. Recently, analysis of AFPs has been conducted through bioinformatics tools to analyze their functions within proper time. AFPs can be used widely in various aspects of application and have significant industrial functions, encompassing the enhancement of foods’ freezing and liquefying properties, protection of frost plants, enhancement of ice cream’s texture, cryosurgery, and cryopreservation of cells and tissues. In conclusion, these applications and physical properties of AFPs can be further explored to meet other industrial players. Designing the peptide-based AFP can also be done to subsequently improve its function.

Biomimetic Aligned Porous Materials Made from Natural Biopolymers by UFDM

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 535-538
Author(s):  
Yong Qiang He ◽  
Zeng Pan ◽  
Fu Bao Xing ◽  
Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Pore Morphology ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Crosslinking Degree ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Different Sources

Unidirectional freeze-drying method has been tried to prepare biomimetic aligned porous materials (APM) from natural macromolecules such as chitosan, gelatin, alginate, carrageenan, various starches, and their composites. All the porous materials have high porosity and surface area, although the pore morphology varies for different sources of natural macromolecules, composition and concentration of solution, as well as crosslinking degree. The APM has potential applications in bioseparation, biomedical engineering, tissue engineering, food and environmental protection.

scholarly journals Nanotoxicity: Dimensional and Morphological Concerns

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohmmad Younus Wani ◽  
Mohd Ali Hashim ◽  
Firdosa Nabi ◽  
Maqsood Ahmad Malik
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Level ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Safety Test ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Different Sources

Nanotechnology deals with the construction of new materials, devices, and different technological systems with a wide range of potential applications at the atomic and molecular level. Nanomaterials have attracted great attention for numerous applications in chemical, biological, and industrial world because of their fascinating physicochemical properties. Nanomaterials and nanodevices are being produced intentionally, unintentionally, and manufactured or engineered by different methods and released into the environment without any safety test. Nantoxicity has become the subject of concern in nanoscience and nanotechnology because of the increasing toxic effects of nanomaterials on the living organisms. Nanomaterials can move freely as compared to the large-sized particles; therefore, they can be more toxic than bulky materials. This review article delineates the toxic effects of different types of nanomaterials on the living organisms through different sources, like water, air, contact with skin, and the methods of determinations of these toxic effects.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Probiotic Potential between Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Isolated from Kimchi and Standard Probiotic Strains Isolated from Different Sources

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2125
Author(s):  
Chang-Hee Jeong ◽  
Hyejin Sohn ◽  
Hyelyeon Hwang ◽  
Ho-Jae Lee ◽  
Tae-Woon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Probiotic Potential ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Different Sources

In the present study, the properties of the Lactiplantibacillus (Lpb.) plantarum WiKim0112 isolated from kimchi were evaluated by comparing its probiotic properties to those of Lpb. plantarum WCFS1 and KACC 11451 isolated from different sources. In both pH 2 and 3, media containing pepsin, Wikim0112, and WCFS1 showed higher cell viability than KACC11451. Viability of all Lpb. plantarum strains in a medium containing pancreatin and bile salt oxgall was significantly decreased compared to the control. WCFS1 showed the highest thermotolerance, followed by Wikim0112 and KACC11451. Wikim0112 showed a similar level of antibacterial activity to WCFS1 and exhibited an overall higher antibacterial activity than KACC11451 against six pathogens. All Lpb. plantatum strains showed high antioxidant activities in SOD, DPPH, and ABTS assays, especially Wikim0112 and WCFS1 exhibited a higher antioxidant activity than KACC11451. All Lpb. plantarum strains showed approximately 60–62% adhesion rates to Caco-2 cells. Moreover, in LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cells, all Lpb. plantarum strains significantly decreased the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α); Wikim0112 significantly increased the mRNA expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ. Wikim0112 was resistant to streptomycin and vancomycin, whereas WCFS1 and KACC11451 were resistant to four (clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and vancomycin) and three (ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and vancomycin) antibiotics, respectively. These results, taken together, indicated that compared to Lpb. plantarum strains isolated from different sources, Wikim0112 showed desirable probiotic properties, suggesting its potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Genome-wide search of nucleosome patterns using visual analytics

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (13) ◽  
pp. 2185-2192
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Santamaría ◽  
Roberto Therón ◽  
Laura Durán ◽  
Alicia García ◽  
Sara González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Pattern Search ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Visual Discourse ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genome Wide Search ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Burrows Wheeler Transform ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract Motivation The Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT) is widely used for the fast alignment of high-throughput sequence data. This method also has potential applications in other areas of bioinformatics, and it can be specially useful for the fast searching of patterns on coverage data from different sources. Results We present a nucleosome pattern search method that converts levels of nucleosomal occupancy to a sequence-like format to which BWT searches can be applied. The method is embedded in a nucleosome map browser, ‘Nucleosee‘, an interactive visual tool specifically designed to enhance BWT searches, giving them context and making them suitable for visual discourse analysis of the results. The proposed method is fast, flexible and sufficiently generic for the exploration of data in a broad and interactive way. Availability and implementation The proposed algorithm and visual browser are available for testing at http://cpg3.der.usal.es/nucleosee. The source code and installation packages are also available at https://github.com/rodrigoSantamaria/nucleosee. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

scholarly journals Big Data: Definition, Architecture & Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Humam Khalid Yaseen ◽  
Ahmed Mahdi Obaid
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Data Definition ◽  
Hidden Patterns ◽  
Different Sources

Big data is a term for massive data sets having large, more varied and complex structure with the difficulties of storing, analyzing and visualizing for further processes or results. The process of research into massive amounts of data to reveal hidden patterns and secret correlations named as big data analytics. These useful informations for companies or organizations with the help of gaining richer and deeper insights and getting an advantage over the competition. For this reason, big data implementations need to be analyzed and executed as accurately as possible. In this paper; Firstly, we will discuss what big data and how it is defined according to different sources; Secondly, what are the characteristics of big data and where should it be used; Thirdly, the architecture of big data is discussed along with the different models of Big data; Fourthly, what are some potential applications of big data and how will it make the job easier for the persisting machines and users; Finally, we will discuss the future of Big data.

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