Ionomic, metabolomic and proteomic analyses reveal molecular mechanisms of root adaption to salt stress in Tibetan wild barley

Saline soil is a critical environmental problem affecting crop yield worldwide. Tibetan wild barley is distinguished for its vast genetic diversity and high degree of tolerance to abiotic stress, including salinity. The present study compared the response of antioxidant defense system in the XZ16 wild and CM72 cultivated barleys to salt stress. Wild barley was relatively more tolerant than cultivated CM72, salt-tolerant cultivar, with less Na+ uptake and more K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ retention in plant tissues. The results of diaminobenzidine (DAB) and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) staining showed that XZ16 had significantly lower H2O2 and O2− concentrations than a salt-sensitive cultivar Gairdner, suggesting that the salt-tolerant genotype suffer from less oxidative damage. Moreover, XZ16 and Gairdner had the highest and lowest anti-oxidative enzyme activities and proline content in plant tissues. In addition, the microscopic examination revealed that DNA damage in cv. Gairdner was closely correlated to oxidative stress, representing that more reactive oxygen species accumulation in plants tissues leads to subsequent DNA damage. The present results show that higher salt tolerance of wild barley XZ16 is attributed to less Na+ accumulation and stronger anti-oxidative capacity.

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Time-course of ionic responses and proteomic analysis of a Tibetan wild barley at early stage under salt stress

Plant Growth Regulation ◽

10.1007/s10725-016-0180-0 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 11-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Qiufang Shen ◽

Liangbo Fu ◽

Long Qiu ◽

Feng Xue ◽

Guoping Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Proteomic Analysis ◽

Time Course ◽

Wild Barley ◽

Early Stage ◽

Tibetan Wild Barley

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Transcriptomic Analysis of Short-Term Salt-Stress Response in Mega Hybrid Rice Seedlings

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11071328 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1328

Author(s):

Noushin Jahan ◽

Yang Lv ◽

Mengqiu Song ◽

Yu Zhang ◽

Liangguang Shang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Transcriptome Profiling ◽

Bhlh Transcription Factor ◽

F1 Hybrid ◽

Salt Stress Response ◽

Productivity Losses ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Trait Locus

Salinity is a major abiotic stressor that leads to productivity losses in rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, transcriptome profiling and heterosis-related genes were analyzed by ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-Seq) in seedlings of a mega rice hybrid, Liang-You-Pei-Jiu (LYP9), and its two parents 93–11 and Pei-ai64s (PA64s), under control and two different salinity levels, where we found 8292, 8037, and 631 salt-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. Heterosis-related DEGs were obtained higher after 14 days of salt treatment than after 7 days. There were 631 and 4237 salt-induced DEGs related to heterosis under 7-day and 14-day salt stresses, respectively. Gene functional classification showed the expression of genes involved in photosynthesis activity after 7-day stress treatment, and in metabolic and catabolic activity after 14 days. In addition, we correlated the concurrence of an expression of DEGs for the bHLH transcription factor and a shoot length/salinity-related quantitative trait locus qSL7 that we fine-mapped previously, providing a confirmed case of heterosis-related genes. This experiment reveals the transcriptomic divergence of the rice F1 hybrid and its parental lines under control and salt stress state, and enlightens about the significant molecular mechanisms developed over time in response to salt stress.

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Genotypic Difference in the Responses to Nitrogen Fertilizer Form in Tibetan Wild and Cultivated Barley

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10030595 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 595

Author(s):

Shama Naz ◽

Qiufang Shen ◽

Jonas Lwalaba Wa Lwalaba ◽

Guoping Zhang

Keyword(s):

Wild Barley ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

N Uptake ◽

Total Soluble Protein ◽

Organic N ◽

Genotypic Difference ◽

N Availability ◽

Tibetan Wild Barley ◽

Cultivated Barley

Nitrogen (N) availability and form have a dramatic effect on N uptake and assimilation in plants, affecting growth and development. In the previous studies, we found great differences in low-N tolerance between Tibetan wild barley accessions and cultivated barley varieties. We hypothesized that there are different responses to N forms between the two kinds of barleys. Accordingly, this study was carried out to determine the response of four barley genotypes (two wild, XZ16 and XZ179; and two cultivated, ZD9 andHua30) under 4Nforms (NO3−, NH4+, urea and glycine). The results showed significant reduction in growth parameters such as root/shoot length and biomass, as well as photosynthesis parameters and total soluble protein content under glycine treatment relative to other N treatments, for both wild and cultivated barley, however, XZ179 was least affected. Similarly, ammonium adversely affected growth parameters in both wild and cultivated barleys, with XZ179 being severely affected. On the other hand, both wild and cultivated genotypes showed higher biomass, net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll and protein in NO3− treatment relative to other three N treatments. It may be concluded that barley undisputedly grows well under inorganic nitrogen (NO3−), however in response to the organic N wild barley prefer glycine more than cultivated barely.

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Transcriptome Changes Reveal the Molecular Mechanisms of Humic Acid-Induced Salt Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26040782 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 782

Author(s):

Joon-Yung Cha ◽

Sang-Ho Kang ◽

Myung Geun Ji ◽

Gyeong-Im Shin ◽

Song Yi Jeong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Humic Acid ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Plant Development ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽

Principal Component ◽

Salt Stress Tolerance ◽

Genes Encoding

Humic acid (HA) is a principal component of humic substances, which make up the complex organic matter that broadly exists in soil environments. HA promotes plant development as well as stress tolerance, however the precise molecular mechanism for these is little known. Here we conducted transcriptome analysis to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which HA enhances salt stress tolerance. Gene Ontology Enrichment Analysis pointed to the involvement of diverse abiotic stress-related genes encoding HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINs and redox proteins, which were up-regulated by HA regardless of salt stress. Genes related to biotic stress and secondary metabolic process were mainly down-regulated by HA. In addition, HA up-regulated genes encoding transcription factors (TFs) involved in plant development as well as abiotic stress tolerance, and down-regulated TF genes involved in secondary metabolic processes. Our transcriptome information provided here provides molecular evidences and improves our understanding of how HA confers tolerance to salinity stress in plants.

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Transcriptomic analysis reveals adaptive strategies to chronic low nitrogen in Tibetan wild barley

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-019-1668-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiaoyan Quan ◽

Jianbin Zeng ◽

Guang Chen ◽

Guoping Zhang

Keyword(s):

Wild Barley ◽

Adaptive Strategies ◽

Transcriptomic Analysis ◽

Tibetan Wild Barley ◽

Low Nitrogen

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Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanisms underlying the salt tolerance of Zoysia japonica Steud.

10.21203/rs.2.16313/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jingjing Wang ◽

Cong An ◽

Hailin Guo ◽

Xiangyang Yang ◽

Jingbo Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Stress Response ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Zoysia Japonica ◽

Salt Stress Response ◽

Leaves And Roots ◽

Time Point

Abstract Background: Areas with saline soils are sparsely populated and have fragile ecosystems, which severely restricts the sustainable development of local economies. Zoysia grasses are recognized as excellent warm-season turfgrasses worldwide, with high salt tolerance and superior growth in saline-alkali soils. However, the mechanism underlying the salt tolerance of Zoysia species remains unknown. Results: The phenotypic and physiological responses of two contrasting materials, Zoysia japonica Steud. Z004 (salt sensitive) and Z011 (salt tolerant) in response to salt stress were studied. The results show that Z011 was more salt tolerant than was Z004, with the former presenting greater K+/Na+ ratios in both its leaves and roots. To study the molecular mechanisms underlying salt tolerance further, we compared the transcriptomes of the two materials at different time points (0 h, 1 h, 24 h, and 72 h) and from different tissues (leaves and roots) under salt treatment. The 24-h time point and the roots might make significant contributions to the salt tolerance. Moreover, GO and KEGG analyses of different comparisons revealed that the key DEGs participating in the salt-stress response belonged to the hormone pathway, various TF families and the DUF family. Conclusions: Z011 may have improved salt tolerance by reducing Na+ transport from the roots to the leaves, increasing K+ absorption in the roots and reducing K+ secretion from the leaves to maintain a significantly greater K+/Na+ ratio. Twenty-four hours might be a relatively important time point for the salt-stress response of zoysiagrass. The auxin signal transduction family, ABA signal transduction family, WRKY TF family and bHLH TF family may be the most important families in Zoysia salt-stress regulation. This study provides fundamental information concerning the salt-stress response of Zoysia and improves the understanding of molecular mechanisms in salt-tolerant plants.

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