The future of Ancient Rome

Antiquity ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (219) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Whitehouse

Every year, on the traditional anniversary of the founding of Rome, the Mayor reviews the events of the last twelve months and outlines his plans for the future. Last year (the 2,735th anniversary), he began by describing work in progress on conservation and mise-en-valeur in the ancient city. It was wholly appropriate, for the future of classical Rome is a subject which concerns, or should concern, not only the Romans themselves, but all Italian taxpayers (who will foot the bill), town planners and conservation groups throughout Europe—not to mention all readers of ANTIQUITY. The proposals, promoted by the Archaeological Superintendent of Rome, Professor Adriano La Regina, include the creation of an archaeological park extending from the Capitoline to the Appian Way, new museums and—as a matter of extreme urgency—the protection of marble monuments disfigured by pollution. The plans involve both local and national authorities, and in March 1981 Parliament made available over a five-year period the staggering sum of 180,000 million lire (£75 m): 168,000 m for Rome itself, 10,000 m for South Etruria (the area north of Rome) and 2,000 m for Ostia.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-309
Author(s):  
Inna Andreevna Gvozdeva

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how did form veterans landowning in the Roman land surveying. The main sources on the problem are the treatises of Roman land surveyers (1-2 centuries AD). They contain information about the principles of surveying of land plots for Roman retirees and about right guarantees the veterans had. The task of this article is reconstruction of the process of civic assignations in Ancient Rome and highlighting of features of this action when land was granted to the veterans. At the end of 2nd century BC the limitatio has become the most common way of land division thank to activities of brothers Gracchi. The limitatio assumed the creation of dividers that organized space: Decumanus maximus and Cardo maximus . Their intersection created four parts of the future Ager Colonicus for veterans. The limits parallel to the main ones turned the colony field into a clearly organized boundary grid with a square unit of area - centuria, within which the land plots (intended for tillage, horticulture, viticulture) were formed for veterans. Since the time of Caesar and Augustus, the question of adding grazing land to the arable land was decided in the Roman land surveying art. The most desired types of non-arable land was not only forests, pastureland and relicta but also subseciva - remainders from land division. Those vacant centuriae were a good arable land which the state temporarily allocated to new settlers on a lease basis. In the cadastre, a special right of remainders (ius subsecivorum) was created, unifying the lease relations. Thus, the farm of the Roman veteran consisted of fertile land suitable for all types of agricultural activities, as well as different categories of land, which contributed to the development of property and ownership relations.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Satri Yadi ◽  
Yuniarti Munaf ◽  
Dhasono Dhasono

AbstrakAso Gumbalo dalam penciptaan karya seni lukis diilhami dari kehidupan pengembala yang menjadi inspirasi pencipta yang diungkap melalui media seni lukis dengan mengambil ide “Harapan Pengembala” (Aso Gumbalo). Harapan Gembala dapat diartikan sebagai keinginan, kecendrungan dan dorongan hati yang kuat terhadap sesuatu hal yang ingin direalisasikan untuk menjadikan seorang lebih baik dimasa depan. Pengekspresian ide cipta berangkat dari fenomena Aso Gumbalo yang pencipta ungkap dengan ekspresi simbolik kedalam penciptaan karya seni lukis. Metode penciptaan karya ini melalui tahapan yaitu; 1) Tahap eksplorasi adalah tahap pencarian ide-ide dengan melakukan riset emik dan etik untuk pembuatan karya, 2) Tahap perancangan yaitu tahap pembuatan purwarupa yang akan diwujudkan kedalam bentuk karya seni lukis, 3) Tahap proses garapan karya. Konsep dari penciptaan karya merupakan ekspresi simbolik dengan memanfaatkan idiom tradisi, ekspresi tersebut digambarkan pada perwujudan karya menggunakan strategi media dan strategi visual dengan menggunakan konsep pengolahan bentuk, yaitu disformasi dan transformasi dengan melakukan penggabungan beberapa teknik antara lain, teknik plakat, transparan, tekstur semu dan tekstur nyata. Aso Gumbalo sebagai inspirasi yang diungkapkan dalam bentuk karya seni lukis ekspresi simbolik. Karya-karya yang diciptakan pengkarya disajikan dalam bentukpameran.           Kata Kunci:aso gumbalo, ekspresi simbolik, seni lukis.   AbstractAsoGumbalo in the creation of painting works was inspired from the life of the shepherd who became the inspiration of the creator which revealed through the medium of painting by taking the idea of "Hope of the Shepherd" (AsoGumbalo). Shepherd Hope can be interpreted as a strong desire, inclination and encouragement towards something that wants to be realized to make someone better in the future. The expression of copyrighted ideas departs from the phenomenon of AsoGumbalo, which the creator expressed with a symbolic expression into the creation of painting. This method of creating works through several stages, namely; 1) The exploration phase is the stage of searching for ideas by conducting emic and ethical research for the production of works, 2) the design phase that is the prototype-making stage which will be realized in the form of painting, 3) the process stage of the work done. The concept of creation of works is a symbolic expression by utilizing traditional idioms, these expressions are depicted in the realization of the work using media strategies and visual strategies by using the concept of form processing, namely deformation and transformation by combining several techniques, such as plaque, transparent, pseudo-texture and real texture. AsoGumbalo as an inspiration expressed in the form of paintings of symbolic expression. works created by artists are presented in the form of exhibitions.  Keywords:asogumbalo, symbolic expression, painting.  


2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-367
Author(s):  
Roberto Paura

Transhumanism is one of the main “ideologies of the future” that has emerged in recent decades. Its program for the enhancement of the human species during this century pursues the ultimate goal of immortality, through the creation of human brain emulations. Therefore, transhumanism offers its fol- lowers an explicit eschatology, a vision of the ultimate future of our civilization that in some cases coincides with the ultimate future of the universe, as in Frank Tipler’s Omega Point theory. The essay aims to analyze the points of comparison and opposition between transhumanist and Christian eschatologies, in particular considering the “incarnationist” view of Parousia. After an introduction concern- ing the problems posed by new scientific and cosmological theories to traditional Christian eschatology, causing the debate between “incarnationists” and “escha- tologists,” the article analyzes the transhumanist idea of mind-uploading through the possibility of making emulations of the human brain and perfect simulations of the reality we live in. In the last section the problems raised by these theories are analyzed from the point of Christian theology, in particular the proposal of a transhuman species through the emulation of the body and mind of human beings. The possibility of a transhumanist eschatology in line with the incarnationist view of Parousia is refused.


2016 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 269-297
Author(s):  
Richard Hodges ◽  
Erika Carr ◽  
Alessandro Sebastiani ◽  
Emanuele Vaccaro

This article provides a short report on a survey of the region to the east of the ancient city of Butrint, in south-west Albania. Centred on the modern villages of Mursi and Xarra, the field survey provides information on over 80 sites (including standing monuments). Previous surveys close to Butrint have brought to light the impact of Roman Imperial colonisation on its hinterland. This new survey confirms that the density of Imperial Roman sites extends well to the east of Butrint. As in the previous surveys, pre-Roman and post-Roman sites are remarkably scarce. As a result, taking the results of the Butrint Foundation's archaeological excavations in Butrint to show the urban history of the place from the Bronze Age to the Ottoman period, the authors challenge the central theme of urban continuity and impact upon Mediterranean landscapes posited by Horden and Purcell, inThe Corrupting Sea(2000). Instead, the hinterland of Butrint, on the evidence of this and previous field surveys, appears to have had intense engagement with the town in the Early Roman period following the creation of the Roman colony. Significant engagement with Butrint continued in Late Antiquity, but subsequently in the Byzantine period, as before the creation of the colony, the relationship between the town and its hinterland was limited and has left a modest impact upon the archaeological record.


Author(s):  
Małgorzata Mączko

The article aims to analyse the phenomenon of a Norwegian Internet-TV show for teenage audiences, Skam (2015–2017). The transmedia storytelling used in this production resulted in unforeseen international acclaim, subsequently leading to the creation of local remakes of the series. The article will outline the main issues that the show has dealt with, as well as the immersion-building narrative solutions used by the creators. Moreover, it will discuss Skam’s reception by Norwegian and international audiences, and suggest potential directions for the future development of this format.


Author(s):  
Novi Noviar nurdin kasim ◽  
Imelda Meldawati Artayani

Kampung Kara’ba merupakan kampung nelayan yang ada di pesisir Kota Makassar  yang  pada kenyataannya kurang tertata dan diperhatikan. Disamping legalitas bermukim yang tidak ada, Kampung Kara'ba masuk dalam kategori rawan akan bencana alam seperti ombak pasang,  banjir, angin  puyuh dan juga  ancaman akan penggusuran yang terus meresahkan kalangan masyarakat Kara'ba, bahkan sampai pada pembangunan disekitarnya yang memaksa masyarakat nelayan Kara'ba mau tidak mau harus beralih profesi. Hal itu juga yang menyebabkan adanya wacana penataan dan perencanaan Kampung Kara'ba. Maka dari itu perlu adanya penggalian data eksisting dan aktivitas pada Kampung Nelayan Kara’ba agar nantinya bisa menjadi masukan rencana desain. Dengan menggunakan metode partisipatif atau pelibatan warga dan pihak-pihak terkait secara menyeluruh serta observasi lapangan, penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi eksisting dan aktivitas Kampung Nelayan Kara’ba. Pada pesisir pantai Makassar, terdapat berbagai macam kondisi  eksisting dan aktivitas yang dilakukan  oleh penduduk setempat maupun pengunjung. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, didapatkan hasil bahwa ada beberapa kondisi eksisting yang memungkinkan untuk dimasukkan dalam rencana perancangan Kampung Nelayan Kara’ba, tetapi ada pula yang sebaiknya dihilangkan demi terciptanya suatu rancangan bersama, yang diharapkan dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan ditingkatan warga dan tidak lagi menimbulkan permasalahan kedepannya, sehingga dari proses tersebut terciptalah hasil desain perancangan permukiman Kara'ba yang bercirikan perkampungan suku Bugis-Makassar dengan infrastruktur, fasilitas umum, sosial, dan ekonomi yang memadai,  serta penekanan hunian yang merupakan transformasi pembaharuan rumah tradisional Bugis-Makassar dengan sentuhan arsitektur neo-vernakuler. Kata kunci: permukiman nelayan, kondisi eksisting, aktivitas, partisipatif, profesi, perancangan.   Kara'ba Kampoong   is a fisherman's kampoong in cost city of Makassar which in fact unattended and   less organized. Beside of that, there is no legality settled. Kara'ba Kampoong included in the prone to natural disasters category such as tidal wave, flood, whirlwind, and also threats of evictions that make people restless, and even to the surrounding development forced the fishing community in Kara'ba to change their job.  It also  causes the arrangement discourse and planning of Kara'ba Kampoong. So, it is very important the existence of extracting fisherman kampoong, so that later can be include by design plan. By using the participative method or involving   the community and related parties overall and field observation. This writing aims to know  about  existing  condition and activities in Kara'ba Fisherman Kampoong. In cost city of Makassar, there are many kind of existing conditions which allows to be included in designing planing of Kara'ba Fisherman Kampoong, but some of them should not exist for the creation of a joint design, which is expected to solve the problems in the future, so by that process designing of Kara'ba settlement can be created which is the character of the Fisherman Kampong Bugis- Makassar with infrastruckture, public facilities, sosial, adequate economy, and four types of dwellings are tranformation of traditional house renewal Bugis-Makassar with architecture neo-vernakuler.


Author(s):  
Jonathan Baron

This chapter discusses three impediments to proper use of science in the creation of public policy. First, citizens and policymakers follow moral rules other than those that involve consequences, yet the main role of science in policy is to predict outcomes. Second, citizens believe that their proper role is to advance their self-interest or the interest of some narrow group, thus ignoring the relevance of science to policy issues that affect humanity now and in the future. Third, people fail to understand the nature of science as grounded in actively open-minded thinking, thus giving it an advantage over some alternative ways of forming beliefs.


Author(s):  
Panji Suroso ◽  
Rahmat Riswan Aidil Syahputra Siregar

This research tittle ‘work in progress on the creation of the three-stringed kulcapi’ wanted to examine how the work process of the creation of the kulcapi music instrument and can be explained descriptively. The kulcapi musical instrument which is considered to still have limitations in terms of producing its notes, and only having 2 strings, seems to be the cause of the less than optimal function in exploring the notes. In addition, the form of the kulcapi instrument is seen to be still very plain and very simple, this is felt to be one of the issues that must be overcome to be able to explore the kulcapi musical instrument to be more functional, both in producing tones and adding aesthetic value to the form of the kulcapi music instrument. In this research, a qualitative descriptive method is used. The process of tracing data and information is done diachronically to find out in full and complete about the kulcapi music instrument. The data collected comes from two sources, they are primary and secondary data. Primary data obtained through in-depth interviews and participant observation that aims to collect data followed by focus group discussions. This research produces findings including: a) The creation of three-stringed kulcapi instruments has a wider range of tone areas. b) can be functioned more flexible and can be explored in playing pentatonic and diatonic tones. c) The shape has the characteristic of the Karo people with the presence of ethnic Karo ornaments on the kulcapi’s body.


Futures ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 500-513
Author(s):  
Christina Garsten ◽  
Adrienne Sörbom

This chapter critiques the anticipatory practices of contemporary organizations, such as think tanks and management consultancies, which offer methods and forecasts about possible and desirable futures. These organizations, the chapter argues, contribute to creating a sense of urgency with respect to the future, capitalizing on the perceived need among decision makers to grasp contemporary events, and provide tools and content by which the future can be designed. It argues that future forecast scenarios assist in the creation of a particular type of authority: one geared to the contemporary global situation and to an increasingly complex system of global governance. The chapter interrogates this particular type of authority to argue it is not singular and dominant, but instead comprises the varying interests of many different actors and is underscored by rational process, which offers the possibility of a wider shared understanding


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