Bacterial communities associated with invasive populations of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 718-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.J. Liu ◽  
I. Martinez-Sañudo ◽  
L. Mazzon ◽  
C.S. Prabhakar ◽  
V. Girolami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Symbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Laboratory Colony ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThe oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a destructive insect pest of a wide range of fruits and vegetables. This pest is an invasive species and is currently distributed in some provinces of China. To recover the symbiotic bacteria of B. dorsalis from different invasion regions in China, we researched the bacterial diversity of this fruit fly among one laboratory colony (Guangdong, China) and 15 wild populations (14 sites in China and one site in Thailand) using DNA-based approaches. The construction of 16S rRNA gene libraries allowed the identification of 24 operational taxonomic units of associated bacteria at the 3% distance level, and these were affiliated with 3 phyla, 5 families, and 13 genera. The higher bacterial diversity was recovered in wild populations compared with the laboratory colony and in samples from early term invasion regions compared with samples from late term invasion regions. Moreover, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Providencia sp. were two of the most frequently recovered bacteria, present in flies collected from three different regions in China where B. dorsalis is invasive. This study for the first time provides a systemic investigation of the symbiotic bacteria of B. dorsalis from different invasion regions in China.

The influence of antibiotics on gut bacteria diversity associated with laboratory-reared Bactrocera dorsalis

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Bai ◽  
L. Liu ◽  
M.S. Noman ◽  
L. Zeng ◽  
M. Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Gut Bacteria ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Oriental Fruit Fly ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Bacteria Diversity ◽  
Host Fruit ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Uncultivable Bacteria

AbstractThe oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a destructive insect pest of a wide range of fruit crops. Commensal bacteria play a very important part in the development, reproduction, and fitness of their host fruit fly. Uncovering the function of gut bacteria has become a worldwide quest. Using antibiotics to remove gut bacteria is a common method to investigate gut bacteria function. In the present study, three types of antibiotics (tetracycline, ampicillin, and streptomycin), each with four different concentrations, were used to test their effect on the gut bacteria diversity of laboratory-reared B. dorsalis. Combined antibiotics can change bacteria diversity, including cultivable and uncultivable bacteria, for both male and female adult flies. Secondary bacteria became the dominant population in female and male adult flies with the decrease in normally predominant bacteria. However, in larvae, only the predominant bacteria decreased, the bacteria diversity did not change a lot, likely because of the short acting time of the antibiotics. The bacteria diversity did not differ among fruit fly treatments with antibiotics of different concentrations. This study showed the dynamic changes of gut bacterial diversity in antibiotics-treated flies, and provides a foundation for research on the function of gut bacteria of the oriental fruit fly.

Bactrocera dorsalis. [Distribution map].

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Mariana Islands ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Ogasawara Islands ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Diptera: Tephritidae (Oriental fruit fly). Attacks a very wide range of fleshy fruits and vegetables. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, China, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Hong Kong, India, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Japan, Ryukyu Islands, Kampuchea, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Ogasawara Islands, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Pacifica Islands, Hawaii, Mariana Islands, North America, USA, California.

Molecular Characterization and Transcriptional Expression Analysis of ABC Transporter H Subfamily Genes in the Oriental Fruit Fly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang He ◽  
Dan-Dan Wei ◽  
Hui-Qian Xu ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Ze-Qing Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Oriental Fruit Fly ◽  
Starvation And Desiccation

Abstract The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephretidae), is a serious pest of fruits and vegetables and has developed high levels of insecticide resistance. ATP-binding cassette transporter genes (ABC transporters) are involved in mediating the energy-driven transport of many substances across membranes and are closely associated with development and insecticide detoxification. In this study, three ABC transporters in the H subfamily were identified, and the possible roles of these genes in B. dorsalis are discussed. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that those genes are conserved, typical of half-transporters. The expression profiles of BdABCH genes (BdABCHs) in the developmental stages, tissues, and following insecticide exposure, extreme temperature, warm- and cold-acclimated strain, starvation, and desiccation stress were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Expression of BdABCHs can be detected in various tissues and in different developmental stages. They were most highly expressed in the hindgut and in newly emerged adults. The mRNA levels of BdABCHs in males (including most tissues and body segments) were higher than in females. The expression of BdABCH1 was significantly upregulated 3.8-fold in the cold-acclimated strain, and was significantly upregulated by 1.9-, 3.8- and 4.1-fold in the 0°C, starvation, and desiccation treatments, respectively. Treatment with malathion and avermectin at LD20 and LD30 concentrations produced no obvious changes in the levels of BdABCHs. BdABCHs may be involved in the transport of related hormones during eclosion, as well as water and inorganic salts. BdABCH1 also demonstrated that it is related to the ability to cope with adverse environments.

scholarly journals Ultrastructure of the Olfactory Sensilla across the Antennae and Maxillary Palps of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Zhao Liu ◽  
Ting Hu ◽  
Huai-Wang Guo ◽  
Xiao-Fei Liang ◽  
Yue-Qing Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Olfactory Sensilla ◽  
Sensilla Trichodea ◽  
Host Seeking ◽  
Olfactory Organs ◽  
Maxillary Palps

The sensilla on the antennae and maxillary palps are the most important olfactory organs, via which the insect can perceive the semiochemicals to adjust their host seeking and oviposition behaviors. The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a major agricultural quarantine pest infesting more than 250 different fruits and vegetables. However, the sensilla involved in olfaction have not been well documented even though a variety of control practices based on chemical communication have already been developed. In this study, the ultrastructure of the sensilla, especially the olfactory sensilla on the antennae and maxillary palps of both males and females, were investigated with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Three types of olfactory sensillum types including trichodea, basiconica, and coeloconica, and two non-olfactory sensilla including both chaetica and microtrichia, were observed. Each of these three types of olfactory sensilla on the antennae of B. dorsalis were further classified into two subtypes according to the morphology and number of receptor cells. For the first time, the pores on the sensilla trichodea and basiconica cuticular wall were observed in this species, suggesting they are involved in semiochemical perception. This study provides new information on B. dorsalis olfaction, which can be connected to other molecular, genetic, and behavioral research to construct an integral olfactory system model for this species.

scholarly journals Divergence of Cultivable Bacteria Associated with Larvae and Adult Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) Laboratory-Reared Strains

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-40
Author(s):  
Mazarin Akami ◽  
Ousman Tamgue ◽  
Xueming Ren ◽  
Yaohui Wang ◽  
Xuewei Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Nutritional Ecology ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Cultivable Bacteria ◽  
Huge Variety ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

Insects entertain intricate and mutualistic relationship with an array of microorganisms, which significantly influence their fitness, ecology and evolution. In recent decades, there has been increasing interest toward studying the effects of microbiome on many host insects (Dipterans, Lepidopterans, and Coleopterans). Studies so far realized indicate that gut microbiome contribute to host nutritional ecology, defense, immunity and lifespan. Bactrocera dorsalis (Tephritidae: Diptera) is a polyphagous fruit fly which attacks a huge variety of fruits and vegetables worldwide and has been placed as a quarantine species by many countries. To investigate the specific functions of the gut endosymbionts, it is a prerequisite to know the composition of gut bacterial communities whose manipulation will help to decipher their ecological relevance. Here, we used the culture-dependent technique to isolate and identify gut bacteria from B. dorsalis at different developmental stages. The results revealed 11 bacterial species from the third instar larvae, 18 and 12 from female and male populations, respectively. These bacteria were assigned to six families, namely, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Streptococcaceae, Micrococcaceae and Bacillaceae. Bacterial species from these families were differentially represented in various samples, except Klebsiella oxytoca , Enterobacter cloacae, Pantoea dispers and Enterococcus faecalis that were detected at all developmental stages. Overall, Enterobacteriaceae was the most dominant family in females and third instar larvae accounting for 57.89% and 26.32%, respectively, while Enterococcaceae was dominant in males with 75% of the total bacterial taxa. These results suggest that B. dorsalis possesses a huge variety of cultivable bacteria that could be used to explore their specific functions on host physiology and fitness.

scholarly journals Fluktuasi Populasi Lalat Buah Bactrocera spp. (Diptera : Tephritidae) pada Pertanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum Annuum) di Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat

Agrikultura ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Susanto ◽  
Yadi Supriyadi ◽  
Tohidin Tohidin ◽  
Nenet Susniahti ◽  
Vickri Hafizh
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Rainy Days

ABSTRACTFluctuation population of fruit flies Batrocera spp. (Dipthera: Tephritidae) on chilli (Capsicum annuum) plantation areas in Bandung Regency, West JavaFruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) are destructive pest that cause damages to horticulture commodities such as fruits and vegetables. The purpose of this study was to investigate fluctuation population of fruit flies in relation to abiotic factors, such as temperature, rainfall, number of rainy days, and biotic factors, such as host phenology and natural enemies. The field experiment was conducted in Pulosari Village, Pangalengan, Bandung. This research used survey method by placing 20 fruit flies traps on host plants, in which 10 traps were being placed in the outside and the others were being placed in the inside within 10 meters distance per trap. Trapped flies were collected and their population was counted in every week. The results revealed that abiotitic factors (temperature, rainfall, number of rainy days) have non significant influence indicated by the regression analysis of each temperature (Y=-101.2+2298.7x; R2=0.253; P>0.05), rainfall (Y= 0.143+154.4x; R2 = 0.004; P> 0.05), and the number of rainy days (Y= 6.607+140.51x; R2 = 0.015; P>0.05). Meanwhile, fruit fly with the dominant population was Bactocera dorsalis which was included into sibling species of Bactrocera dorsalis Complex with number of population was 93% from specimen sample.Keywords: Fluctuation population, fruit flies, Batrocera dorsalis Complex, ChilliABSTRAKLalat buah (Bactrocera spp.) merupakan hama penting yang menyerang tanaman hortikultura baik buah-buahan ataupun sayuran buah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi fluktuasi populasi lalat buah pada pertanaman cabai merah terhadap faktor abiotik berupa suhu, curah hujan, jumlah hari hujan dan faktor biotik berupa fenologi tanaman inang dan musuh alami. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di Desa Pulosari, Kecamatan Pangalengan Kabupaten Bandung. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan metode survei dengan memasang perangkap lalat buah pada lahan pertanaman cabai merah sebanyak 20 perangkap dengan 10 perangkap bagian luar dan 10 perangkap bagian dalam dengan jarak antar perangkap 10 meter. Hasil tangkapan dikumpulkan dan dihitung populasi lalat buah yang terperangkap setiap minggunya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan faktor abiotik (suhu, curah hujan, jumlah hari hujan) tidak memberikan pengaruh signifikan ditunjukan dengan analisis regresi masing-masing pada suhu ( Y= -101,2+ 2298,7x ; R2=0,253; P > 0,05), Curah hujan (Y= 0,143 + 154,4x ; R2= 0,004 ; P > 0,05), dan Jumlah hari hujan (Y= 6,607 + 140,51x ; R2=0,015 ; P > 0,05) Sedangkan lalat buah yang memiliki populasi paling dominan adalah Bactrocera dorsalis yang termasuk sibling dari spesies Bactrocera dorsalis Kompleks dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 93% dari sampel spesimen.Kata kunci : Fluktuasi populasi, Lalat buah, Bactrocera dorsalis Kompleks, Cabai merah

scholarly journals Ingestion of bacteria expressing dsRNA to maggots produces severe mortality and deformities in fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Mohanpuria ◽  
Mohan Govindaswamy ◽  
Gurupkar Singh Sidhu ◽  
Sandeep Singh ◽  
Simranpreet Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Bacterial Treatment

Abstract Background The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is the world’s most damaging (30–100%) pest infesting important fruits and vegetables. Its control is highly challenging due to its polyphagous, multivoltine nature, and unexposed developmental stages. No known fruit fly-resistant guava germplasm is reported so far worldwide. RNAi approach in guava against fruit fly can provide an attractive alternative to overcome this problem. Main body Escherichia coli-based dsRNA expression strategy was used to investigate its potential in control of B. dorsalis via targeting its two vital genes, ecr (ecdysone receptor) and rpl19 (a ribosomal protein L19). Effects of feeding E. coli, HT115 (DE3) expressing dsRNA of Bdecr and Bdrpl19 with artificial diet to maggots of B. dorsalis resulted in severe mortality and deformities in treated maggots, emerged pupae, and adults. Total mortality (including deformity) of maggots, pupae, and adult fruit flies was 86.3% and 87.9% and was highest in 700 μl (× 200 of 3.5 × 108 cells) dsRNAs of Bdecr and Bdrpl19 bacterial treatment respectively, compared to 350 and 200 μl bacterial treatments. Severe defects in terms of developmental changes like melanisation and deformities of maggots and pupae, absence of wings, underdeveloped abdomen/absence of complete abdomen, absence of legs, severely curled wings, malformed legs, and incomplete eclosion, and suppression of these target genes expression were observed in emerged adults. Short conclusion The study provides a proof of concept of feasibility to silence two potential genes by feeding bacteria expressing dsRNA in all developmental stages of B. dorsalis to step further to perform RNAi-based pest control.

scholarly journals Detection and characterization of bacterial endosymbionts in Southeast Asian tephritid fruit fly populations

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias D. Asimakis ◽  
Vangelis Doudoumis ◽  
Ashok B. Hadapad ◽  
Ramesh S. Hire ◽  
Costas Batargias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Tephritid Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Group A ◽  
Common Group

Abstract Background Various endosymbiotic bacteria, including Wolbachia of the Alphaproteobacteria, infect a wide range of insects and are capable of inducing reproductive abnormalities to their hosts such as cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), parthenogenesis, feminization and male-killing. These extended phenotypes can be potentially exploited in enhancing environmentally friendly methods, such as the sterile insect technique (SIT), for controlling natural populations of agricultural pests. The goal of the present study is to investigate the presence of Wolbachia, Spiroplasma,Arsenophonus and Cardinium among Bactrocera,Dacus and Zeugodacus flies of Southeast Asian populations, and to genotype any detected Wolbachia strains. Results A specific 16S rRNA PCR assay was used to investigate the presence of reproductive parasites in natural populations of nine different tephritid species originating from three Asian countries, Bangladesh, China and India. Wolbachia infections were identified in Bactrocera dorsalis, B. correcta, B. scutellaris andB. zonata, with 12.2–42.9% occurrence, Entomoplasmatales in B. dorsalis, B. correcta, B. scutellaris, B. zonata,Zeugodacus cucurbitae and Z. tau (0.8–14.3%) and Cardinium in B. dorsalis andZ. tau (0.9–5.8%), while none of the species tested, harbored infections with Arsenophonus. Infected populations showed a medium (between 10 and 90%) or low (< 10%) prevalence, ranging from 3 to 80% for Wolbachia, 2 to 33% for Entomoplasmatales and 5 to 45% for Cardinium. Wolbachia and Entomoplasmatales infections were found both in tropical and subtropical populations, the former mostly in India and the latter in various regions of India and Bangladesh. Cardinium infections were identified in both countries but only in subtropical populations. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence ofWolbachia with some strains belonging either to supergroup B or supergroup A. Sequence analysis revealed deletions of variable length and nucleotide variation in three Wolbachia genes. Spiroplasma strains were characterized as citri–chrysopicola–mirum and ixodetis strains while the remaining Entomoplasmatales to the Mycoides–Entomoplasmataceae clade.Cardinium strains were characterized as group A, similar to strains infecting Encarsia pergandiella. Conclusions Our results indicated that in the Southeast natural populations examined, supergroup A Wolbachia strain infections were the most common, followed by Entomoplasmatales and Cardinium. In terms of diversity, most strains of each bacterial genus detected clustered in a common group. Interestingly, the deletions detected in three Wolbachia genes were either new or similar to those of previously identified pseudogenes that were integrated in the host genome indicating putative horizontal gene transfer events in B. dorsalis, B. correcta and B. zonata.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses of Antibiotic-Treated and Normally Reared Bactrocera dorsalis Reveals a Possible Gut Self-Immunity Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajin Fu ◽  
Lingyu Zeng ◽  
Linyu Zheng ◽  
Zhenzhen Bai ◽  
Zhihong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Gut Bacteria ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Symbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein ◽  
Host Fruit

Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a notorious agricultural pest worldwide, and its prevention and control have been widely studied. Bacteria in the midgut of B. dorsalis help improve host insecticide resistance and environmental adaption, regulate growth and development, and affect male mating selection, among other functions. Insects have an effective gut defense system that maintains self-immunity and the balance among microorganisms in the gut, in addition to stabilizing the diversity among the gut symbiotic bacteria. However, the detailed regulatory mechanisms governing the gut bacteria and self-immunity are still unclear in oriental fruit flies. In this study, the diversity of the gut symbiotic bacteria in B. dorsalis was altered by feeding host fruit flies antibiotics, and the function of the gut bacteria was predicted. Then, a database of the intestinal transcriptome of the host fruit fly was established and analyzed using the Illumina HiSeq Platform. The gut bacteria shifted from Gram negative to Gram positive after antibiotic feeding. Antibiotics lead to a reduction in gut bacteria, particularly Gram-positive bacteria, which ultimately reduced the reproduction of the host flies. Ten immunity-related genes that were differentially expressed in the response to intestinal bacterial community changes were selected for qRT-PCR validation. Peptidoglycan-recognition protein SC2 gene (PGRP-SC2) was one of the 10 immunity-related genes analyzed. The differential expression of PGRP-SC2 was the most significant, which confirms that PGRP-SC2 may affect immunity of B. dorsalis toward gut bacteria.

scholarly journals Microbial Carriage and Contamination of Mangoes by the Oriental Fruit Fly

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-275
Author(s):  
Godfred Futagbi ◽  
Nana Akosua Gyamfuah Koduah ◽  
Benyarku Richard Ampah ◽  
Precious Agbeko Dzorgbe Mattah ◽  
Maxwell Billah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Fly Control

Background: Fruit flies, especially of the Family Terphritidae, are economically important pests for the horticulture industry because many species cause serious mechanical damage to a number of crops of different plant families. Studies have shown that some species of fruit flies have the potential to contaminate fruits and vegetables with enteric bacterial pathogens. However, this has not been conclusively demonstrated. Methods: In this study, we investigated enteric bacteria carriage by Bactrocera dorsalis and its possible role in transmission of microbes into internal tissues of fruits. Fruit flies trapped using liquid protein bait, ripe mango fruits exposed to the fruit flies and controls, as well as mangoes obtained from farms with and without fly-control traps, were analyzed for microbes, such as total aerobic bacteria, total coliforms, yeast and molds, Escherichia coli and Salmonella/Shigella spp. using direct culture methods. Results and Discussion: The results revealed that a high percentage of these insects carries pathogenic bacteria. This finding shows that, like B. cacuminata and B. tryoni, B. dorsalis also carries pathogenic microbes. It was also observed that mangoes sampled from fly-control farms had significantly lower microbial loads and proportions of fruits contaminated compared to those from farms without fly-control. Additionally, all microbial counts of internal tissues were significantly higher for exposed mangoes compared to unexposed mangoes. These data indicate that B. dorsalis contaminates not only the external but also internal tissues of mangoes. Conclusion: These findings show that B. dorsalis carries pathogenic bacteria and plays a direct role in internalization of microbes in mangoes.

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