DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND OBESITY IN EGYPTIAN WOMEN

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHRYN M. YOUNT ◽  
LI LI
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Egyptian Women ◽  
Adjusted Dose

SummaryDomestic violence and obesity are global public health problems. This study explores associations of domestic violence and obesity in 5015 ever-married, non-pregnant women aged 15–49 years who took part in the 2005 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). Women's mean body mass index (BMI) was 30.4 kg/m2, and 48% were obese. Thirty-seven per cent reported any prior psychological, physical or sexual domestic violence. Compared with their counterparts, the adjusted odds of being obese were marginally higher among women who reported any prior sexual (aOR=1.31), physical or sexual (aOR=1.18), or psychological, physical or sexual (aOR=1.17) domestic violence. Women who experienced severe or repeated domestic violence – as measured by reported exposure to three or more acts of physical (aOR=1.25), psychological or physical (aOR=1.18), physical or sexual (aOR=1.36), and psychological, physical or sexual (aOR=1.26) domestic violence – had higher adjusted odds of being obese. Marginally significant adjusted dose–response relationships remained between obesity and the number of specific acts of: (1) physical or sexual violence and (2) psychological, physical or sexual domestic violence. Obesity among women in poorer settings like Egypt may partly have its roots in gender subordination, as manifested in women's exposure to multiple acts of domestic violence.

Testimonial Smothering and Domestic Violence Disclosure in Clinical Contexts

Episteme ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Jack Warman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Social Epistemology ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Epistemic Injustice ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Personal Histories ◽  
Domestic Violence And Abuse

Abstract Domestic violence and abuse (DVA) are at last coming to be recognised as serious global public health problems. Nevertheless, many women with personal histories of DVA decline to disclose them to healthcare practitioners. In the health sciences, recent empirical work has identified many factors that impede DVA disclosure, known as barriers to disclosure. Drawing on recent work in social epistemology on testimonial silencing, we might wonder why so many people withhold their testimony and whether there is some kind of epistemic injustice afoot here. In this paper, I offer some philosophical reflections on DVA disclosure in clinical contexts and the associated barriers to disclosure. I argue that women with personal histories of DVA are vulnerable to a certain form of testimonial injustice in clinical contexts, namely, testimonial smothering, and that this may help to explain why they withhold that testimony. It is my contention that this can help explain the low rates of DVA disclosure by patients to healthcare practitioners.

scholarly journals Intake of antioxidants nutrients by pregnant womem: Associated factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-362
Author(s):  
Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro SILVA NETO ◽  
Marilene Brandão TENÓRIO ◽  
Raphaela Costa FERREIRA ◽  
Alane Cabral Menezes de OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Health System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the intake of antioxidant nutrients by pregnant women being cared for in the Brazilian public health system and associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out with pregnant women cared for in the public health system in the city of Maceió, Brazil, in 2014, including 385 pregnant women and their newborns, and the collection of maternal information (socioeconomic, personal, prenatal, dietary and anthropometric data), and after the babies’ birth (gestational age, birth weight and length). Food intake was assessed by two 24-hour dietary reminders per pregnant woman with subsequent adjustments by the Estimated Average Requirement method. Data were processed and Pearson’s correlation was used to evaluate associations, considering p<0.05 as significant. Results A total of 388 pregnant women with a mean age of 24.06±5.92 years were studied, with inadequate intake and high variation of the following antioxidants: vitamin A (83.2%/62.7%), vitamin C (50.5%/75.7%), vitamin E (76.5%/60.2%), Selenium (60.8%/50.3%), Copper (98.5%/42.8%) and Zinc (79.6%/43.4%), respectively. Additionally, the following associations were observed: the intake of vitamin A (p=0.02), Copper (p=0.01), and Selenium (p=0.01) with the maternal Body Mass Index; the intake of vitamin A (0.04) and Selenium (p=0.02) with the birth weight; and between vitamin A (p=0.04) with the birth length. Conclusion The low intake of antioxidant nutrients by pregnant women is a reality, being associated to the maternal Body Mass Index and the birth weight and length of the newborn.

Sociocultural Determinants of Attitudes Toward Domestic Violence Among Women and Men in Afghanistan: Evidence from Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey 2015

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052098040
Author(s):  
Mohammad Fazel Akbary ◽  
Tolulope Ariyo ◽  
Quanbao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Wife Beating ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Men And Women

Domestic violence (DV), also commonly referred to as intimate partner violence or spousal abuse, is a global public health issue that affects the physical, psychological, sexual, and reproductive health of women. We examined the sociocultural factors associated with the attitude toward DV perpetrated against women in Afghanistan. We used data from the 2015 Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey, consisting of an ever-married sample of 29,461 women and 10,760 men aged 15 to 49 years. Our dependent variable, attitude toward DV, was determined from responses on acceptance of wife-beating in five scenarios, and the group of socio cultural factors was selected based on evidence from previous studies. Our main analytical method was logistic regression, using the survey design. Our findings indicated that factors such as an increase in years of education and living in a wealthier household reduce the likelihood of acceptance of DV among men and women. Ethnicity was also associated with the attitude toward DV, but the magnitude varied across ethnic groups and gender. Furthermore, an increase in age and living in the urban area were associated with nonjustification of DV among women, but not among men. On the other hand, frequent exposure to the media increases the likelihood of acceptance of DV among men, but not for women. The result of the present study suggests that there are economic, social, and cultural aspects to the attitude toward DV among men and women in Afghanistan. Therefore, policies designed at changing the socio cultural perception of the people are of importance in other to bring about a change in attitude, and even combat the prevalence of DV.

scholarly journals Reproductive and Obstetric Factors Are Key Predictors of Maternal Anemia during Pregnancy in Ethiopia: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey (2011)

Anemia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taddese Alemu ◽  
Melaku Umeta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Under Five ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anemia During Pregnancy

Anemia is a major public health problem worldwide. In Ethiopia, a nationally representative and consistent evidence is lacking on the prevalence and determinants during pregnancy. We conducted an in-depth analysis of demographic and health survey for the year 2011 which is a representative data collected from all regions in Ethiopia. Considering maternal anemia as an outcome variable, predicting variables from sociodemographic, household, and reproductive/obstetric characteristics were identified for analyses. Logistic regression model was applied to identify predictors atP<0.05. The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 23%. Maternal age, region, pregnancy trimester, number of under five children, previous history of abortion (termination of pregnancy), breastfeeding practices, and number of antenatal care visits were key independent predictors of anemia during pregnancy. In conclusion, the level of anemia during pregnancy is a moderate public health problem in Ethiopia. Yet, special preventive measures should be undertaken for pregnant women who are older in age and having too many under five children and previous history of abortion. Further evidence is expected to be generated concerning why pregnant mothers from the eastern part of the country and those with better access to radio disproportionately develop anemia more than their counterparts.

Zika

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-227
Author(s):  
Rabia Aftab
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Geographic Spread ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
Health Organization

The Zika virus (ZIKV), first discovered in 1947, has emerged as a global public health threat over the last decade, with an accelerated geographic spread of the virus occurring in the last 5 years. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that millions of cases of ZIKV are likely to occur in the Americas between 2016 and 2017. These projections, in conjunction with an increase in newborn microcephaly cases that are suspected to be ZIKV-associated, prompted the WHO to declare a public health emergency of international concern in February 2016. With the current media attention, it is likely that GPs will be consulted on th topic, particularly by pregnant women.

scholarly journals Determinants of Domestic Violence in Women of Reproductive Age in Rwanda

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Faustin Habyarimana ◽  
Temesgen Zewotir ◽  
Shaun Ramroop
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Wife Beating ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

Domestic violence is a global public health problem. It is prevalent in both the developed world and developing countries. The objective of this study is to identify the factors that are associated with domestic violence against women of reproductive age in Rwanda. The data from the 2014/2015 Rwanda demographic and health survey were used. Generalized linear mixed model was used to account for random effects, overdispersion of residual and heterogeneity. The findings of this study revealed that wealth quintiles, education level of the husband or partner, polygamy, alcohol status of husband or partner, size of the family, number of sexual partners including the husband in the last 12 months, the province the victim lived in, the ownership of an asset in the form of a house or land and the societal attitude towards wife-beating, were the determinants of domestic violence in women of reproductive age. The findings of the risk factors in the current study can help the policy makers, public health workers and institutions in charge of gender monitoring in Rwanda to come up with effective strategies to reduce the domestic violence levels directed against women. 

scholarly journals Determinants of Domestic Violence in Women of Reproductive Age in Rwanda

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1(J)) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Faustin Habyarimana ◽  
Temesgen Zewotir ◽  
Shaun Ramroop
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Wife Beating ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

Domestic violence is a global public health problem. It is prevalent in both the developed world and developing countries. The objective of this study is to identify the factors that are associated with domestic violence against women of reproductive age in Rwanda. The data from the 2014/2015 Rwanda demographic and health survey were used. Generalized linear mixed model was used to account for random effects, overdispersion of residual and heterogeneity. The findings of this study revealed that wealth quintiles, education level of the husband or partner, polygamy, alcohol status of husband or partner, size of the family, number of sexual partners including the husband in the last 12 months, the province the victim lived in, the ownership of an asset in the form of a house or land and the societal attitude towards wife-beating, were the determinants of domestic violence in women of reproductive age. The findings of the risk factors in the current study can help the policy makers, public health workers and institutions in charge of gender monitoring in Rwanda to come up with effective strategies to reduce the domestic violence levels directed against women. 

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Preeklamsia Pada Ibu Hamil Di Kabupaten Kediri Jawa Timur

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katmini Katmini ◽  
Febrina Dwi N ◽  
Astri Yunita
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Public

Background: The high MMR in 2015 is a big problem in Indonesia, which is 305 per 100,000 live births (Profile of Indonesian Population Results Supas, 2015). The Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (2012) shows that MMR in Indonesia is still high at 359 per 100,000 KH. This rate is slightly decreased when compared to IDHS (1991) which is equal to 390 per 100,000 KH. The third goal of the Sustainable Development Goals is good health (Ministry of Health 2015), reducing MMR to 102 per 100,000 KH. Maternal mortality in 2010-2012 was caused by an enhancement in the incidence of preeclampsia, eclampsia and other factors, such as social problems, culture, lack of education, and economic problems. Method: The study was conducted at the Public Health assisted by Kediri Regency in April 2018. It used Quantitative research method by an Explanatory Study with the design of Case Control Study. The number of samples was 100 pregnant women from the Public Health in Kediri Regency. The independent variables were the age of pregnant women, education, employment, Body Mass Index and weight. The dependent variable was preeclampsia. The Primary data was conducted by interview using questionnaires and was supported by secondary data. And the data was analyzed by Bivariate Analysis with Chi Square using SPSS 22. Results. From the results of bivariate analysis using the chi square test, there was a relationship between the age of pregnant women (OR = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.15 to 0.80; p = 0.012), parity (OR = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.11 to 0.62; p = 0.002), education level (OR = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.06 to 0.38; p = <0.001) and employment (OR = 8.66; 95% CI = 3.46 to 21.65; p = <0.001) with preeclampsia. There was no correlation between BMI (OR = 1.06; 95% CI = 0.47 to 2.38; p = 0.870), BB (OR = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.41 to 2.09; p = 0.869), with preeclampsia. Conclusion. There is a correlation between the age of pregnant women, parity, education level and occupation with preeclampsia. Other variables which are not related to the case of preeclampsia are Body Mass Index and weight.

scholarly journals Domestic and sexual violence against patients with severe mental illness

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 875-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Khalifeh ◽  
P. Moran ◽  
R. Borschmann ◽  
K. Dean ◽  
C. Hart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Control Female ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control

BackgroundDomestic and sexual violence are significant public health problems but little is known about the extent to which men and women with severe mental illness (SMI) are at risk compared with the general population. We aimed to compare the prevalence and impact of violence against SMI patients and the general population.MethodThree hundred and three randomly recruited psychiatric patients, in contact with community services for ⩾1 year, were interviewed using the British Crime Survey domestic/sexual violence questionnaire. Prevalence and correlates of violence in this sample were compared with those from 22 606 general population controls participating in the contemporaneous 2011/12 national crime survey.ResultsPast-year domestic violence was reported by 27%v.9% of SMI and control women, respectively [odds ratio (OR) adjusted for socio-demographics, aOR 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–4.0], and by 13%v.5% of SMI and control men, respectively (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.8). Past-year sexual violence was reported by 10%v.2.0% of SMI and control women respectively (aOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.4–5.8). Family (non-partner) violence comprised a greater proportion of overall domestic violence among SMI than control victims (63%v.35%,p< 0.01). Adulthood serious sexual assault led to attempted suicide more often among SMI than control female victims (53%v.3.4%,p< 0.001).ConclusionsCompared to the general population, patients with SMI are at substantially increased risk of domestic and sexual violence, with a relative excess of family violence and adverse health impact following victimization. Psychiatric services, and public health and criminal justice policies, need to address domestic and sexual violence in this at-risk group.

scholarly journals Domestic violence: A hidden and deeply rooted health issue in India

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abantika Bhattacharya ◽  
Mausumi Basu ◽  
Palash Das ◽  
Aditya Prasad Sarker ◽  
Prasanta Kumar Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Study Population

Domestic violence was identified as a major contributor to the global burden of ill health in terms of female morbid-ity leading to psychological trauma and depression, injuries, sexually transmitted diseases, suicide and murder. The study was conducted to find out the prevalence of different types of life time domestic violence against women; fac-tors associated with it and care seeking behavior. An observational cross-sectional study was done among 260 ever married women of 15-49 years of age using a predesigned pretested pro-forma from April 2011 to January 2012 by face to face interview. Data were compiled and analyzed by Epi Info 6 version and SPSS 17 version. The overall prevalence of any form of violence during the life time among the study population was 40.4%. Verbal/psychological violence was the most common form of domestic violence (85.7%) followed by physical (71.4%) and sexual violence (57.1%). Slapping and or beating, kicking, object throwing were the major forms of physical vio-lence; humiliation (91.1%) was the commonest form of psychological violence and most common form of sexual violence was forced sexual intercourse (58.3%). About 21% of the study population faced violence every day. Older age, lower age at marriage, longer duration of marriage, lower education of husband and wife, lower family income, unemployment of the husband and alcohol consumption of husband were associated with occurrence of domestic violence. We have found that the prevalence of domestic violence in this group of population is high. The alarming issue is that approximately one third of women (31.24%) who faced violence in their life-time had never sought any help. The findings indicate to develop appropriate and culturally relevant public health interventions to increase awareness and implement policies regarding violence against women. South East Asia Journal of Public Health 2013; 3(1): 17-23 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v3i1.17706

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