THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MENSTRUAL CYCLE CHARACTERISTICS AND PERCEIVED BODY IMAGE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY OF POLISH FEMALE ADOLESCENTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kaczmarek ◽  
Sylwia Trambacz-Oleszak
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Ideal Body Image ◽  
Self Discrepancy

SummaryThe increasing prevalence of negative body perceptions among adolescent girls and the tendency towards wishing to be thinner have become a cultural norm in Western culture. Adolescent girls are particularly vulnerable to developing a negative body image due to physical and sexual changes occurring during puberty. This study aimed to evaluate the association between different measures of body image perceptions and different phases of the menstrual cycle after controlling for weight status and other potential confounders in Polish adolescent girls aged 12–18 years. Three-hundred and thirty participants of a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2009, normally cycling and with no eating disorders, completed a background questionnaire and the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale, and their anthropometric measurements were collected. The dependent outcome variables were measures of body image (actual body image, ideal body image and ideal-self discrepancy) and dichotomous body image perception (satisfied versus dissatisfied) adjusted for other predictor factors: socio-demographic variables, menstrual history and cycle phases, and weight status. One-way ANOVA indicated that weight status, age at menarche and menstrual cycle phase were associated with actual body image and rate of ideal-self discrepancy. Ideal body image was associated with weight status and menstrual cycle phase. General logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate associations of body dissatisfaction and all potential predictor variables. The final selected model of the multiple logistic regression analysis using the backward elimination procedure revealed that adjusted for other factors, negative body image was significantly associated with different phases of the menstrual cycle (ptrend=0.033) and increasing body weight status (ptrend=0.0007). The likelihood of body dissatisfaction was greatest during the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle (OR=2.38; 95% CI 1.06, 5.32) and among girls in obesity class I (OR=8.04; 95% CI 2.37, 27.26). The study confirmed the association between body image dissatisfaction in adolescent girls and different phases of the menstrual cycle after controlling for weight status. The issue of negative body self-image is not only of cognitive, but also of practical value as understanding better the factors contributing to the formation of a negative body image may be instrumental in developing preventive health programmes targeted at young people.

scholarly journals Body Image Dissatisfaction among Adolescent Girls of a Municipality in Kathmandu: A Cross-sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (241) ◽  
pp. 902-905
Author(s):  
Garima Malla ◽  
Sarala (Pradhan) Joshi ◽  
Alisha Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Body

Introduction: Body image is the person’s perceptions, thoughts and feelings about his/her body which is a multi-dimensional concept. Body Image Dissatisfaction can be measured using a Body Shape Questionnaire. The main aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction among adolescent girls of a municipality in Kathmandu. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was done from July 2019 to December 2019 among the female students from grade eight to twelve of the selected private schools of Budhanilkantha municipality. Stratified random sampling was done. Body Shape Questionnaire short version was used to measure the prevalence of body dissatisfaction. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was done, frequency and percentage were calculated. Results: One hundred ninety seven (75.2%) at 95% Confidence Interval (69.97-80.43) students were found to have body image dissatisfaction, among which Positive Body Image Dissatisfaction was found to be in 85 (42%) respondents which indicates that 112 (58%) respondents with healthy Body Mass Index were dissatisfied with their body shape. Conclusions: Prevalence of body image dissatisfaction was found to be high in adolescent girls though most of the girls had normal body weight and a healthy Body Mass Index.

MORBIDITY PATTERN AMONG ADOLESCENT SCHOOL GIRLS IN RURAL AND URBAN SCHOOL OF JHANSI (U.P.)- A COMPARATIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhanshu Gupta ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Piyush D Swami ◽  
Anjana Niranjan
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban

Background: According to World Health Organization, adolescents constitute about one fifth of the world population, and in India they constitute about 21% of the total population. Most of the surveys show that health status of adolescent girls is at sub-optimal level. Objectives: To assess nutritional status and morbidity pattern among the adolescent girls and to suggest measures for improvement of health status of adolescent girls.  Method: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 adolescent schoolgirls in Rural and urban field practice area of Jhansi school from January 2017 to July 2014. Results: Among the various morbidities eye problem was seen in maximum no of adolescent girls. Eye problem was present in 44.8% of adolescent girls followed by respiratory 14.7% and ear 13.06% disease. Skin disease was present in 3.2% of adolescent girls, which was more in rural girls 6.7% than in urban girls 1.7%, may be due to better hygienic practice in urban schoolgirls. Conclusions: Rural background, low socioeconomic status, illiteracy, birth rate and order, income and number of members in a family have shown to be significant determinants of morbidity pattern in the adolescent girls. Keywords: Adolescent, anemia, morbidity, vaginal discharge.

scholarly journals Emotional Eating in Adolescence: Effects of Emotion Regulation, Weight Status and Negative Body Image

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Lenka H. Shriver ◽  
Jessica M. Dollar ◽  
Susan D. Calkins ◽  
Susan P. Keane ◽  
Lilly Shanahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Increased Risk

Emotional eating is associated with an increased risk of binge eating, eating in the absence of hunger and obesity risk. While previous studies with children and adolescents suggest that emotion regulation may be a key predictor of this dysregulated eating behavior, little is known about what other factors may be influencing the link between emotional regulation and emotional eating in adolescence. This multi-method longitudinal study (n = 138) utilized linear regression models to examine associations between childhood emotion regulation, adolescent weight status and negative body image, and emotional eating at age 17. Emotion regulation predicted adolescent emotional eating and this link was moderated by weight status (β = 1.19, p < 0.01) and negative body image (β = −0.34, p < 0.01). Higher engagement in emotional eating was predicted by lower emotional regulation scores among normal-weight teens (β = −0.46, p < 0.001) but not among overweight/obese teens (β = 0.32, p > 0.10). Higher scores on emotion regulation were significantly associated with lower emotional eating at high (β = −1.59, p < 0.001) and low (β = −1.00, p < 0.01) levels of negative body image. Engagement in emotional eating was predicted by higher negative body image among overweight/obese teens only (β = 0.70, p < 0.001). Our findings show that while better childhood emotion regulation skills are associated with lower emotional eating, weight status and negative body image influence this link and should be considered as important foci in future interventions that aim to reduce emotional eating in adolescence.

scholarly journals Awareness and knowledge about weight status and management: results from the 1 d sensitization campaign ‘Obesity Day’ in northern Italy

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1813-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Barichella ◽  
Alexis E Malavazos ◽  
Giuseppe Fatati ◽  
Emanuele Cereda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the awareness and knowledge about weight status and its management.DesignA 1 d cross-sectional survey. Basic anthropometric assessments (weight, height, BMI and waist circumference) and a self-administered questionnaire were considered.SettingNineteen Clinical Nutrition or Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders Units or Dietetics Services in the Italian region of Lombardy.SubjectsAll adults attending the ‘Obesity Day’ initiative.ResultsA total of 914 participants (605 female and 309 male) were recruited. Although most of the participants (83·5 %) considered obesity to be a disease, 38·5 % were likely to misperceive their weight status. In particular, 38·8 % of normal-weight adults believed themselves to be overweight, whereas 71·1 % and 37·5 % of classes I and II/III obese adults classified themselves as being overweight and mildly obese, respectively. However, most of the overweight (90·2 %), mildly (96·8 %) and moderately/severely obese adults (99·1 %) recognized the need to lose weight. In all, 37·8 % of the sample underestimated the role of physical activity in weight management. Interestingly, only 17·2 % of dieters (previous or current) declared being advised by their doctor to lose weight. Multivariate models revealed that higher age, low education and higher BMI were important determinants of poor weight control and management. In addition, previous dieting appeared not to provide better knowledge, whereas the role of physical activity was recognized mainly by those practising it.ConclusionsThe present study suggests that in Italy knowledge about weight management should be improved not only in the general population but also among health-care professionals. To confirm this finding, there is now the rationale for a nationally representative survey. New educational programmes can be designed on the basis of the information collected.

scholarly journals Body Image Disturbance in Acromegaly Patients Compared to Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenoma Patients and Controls

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen M. Conaglen ◽  
Dennis de Jong ◽  
Veronica Crawford ◽  
Marianne S. Elston ◽  
John V. Conaglen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. Excess growth hormone secretion in adults results in acromegaly, a condition in which multiple physical changes occur including bony and soft tissue overgrowth. Over time these changes can markedly alter a person’s appearance. The aim of this study was to compare body image disturbance in patients with acromegaly to those with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFAs) and controls and assess the impact of obesity in these groups.Methods. A cross-sectional survey including quality of life, body image disturbance, anxiety and depression measures, growth hormone, and BMI measurement was carried out.Results. The groups did not differ with respect to body image disturbance. However separate analysis of obese participants demonstrated relationships between mood scales, body image disturbance, and pain issues, particularly for acromegaly patients.Conclusions. While the primary hypothesis that acromegaly might be associated with body image disturbance was not borne out, we have shown that obesity together with acromegaly and NFA can be associated with body image issues, suggesting that BMI rather than primary diagnosis might better indicate whether patients might experience body image disturbance problems.

scholarly journals Excessive body weight and its relationship to body image in teenagers aged 16–18 years old in South Jakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Dania Mirza Ramadhanty ◽  
Bernie Endyarni Medise
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Excessive Body Weight ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Objective. Overweight is one of the health problems that often occur in children and adolescents throughout the world, both in developed and developing countries. Study results in USA showed yearly increase of overweight prevalence in children aged 2–19 years old. In addition, based on the results by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2010 in United States, the highest percentage of overweight and obesity by age group was found at 12–19 years old (33.6%). Basic Health Research/Riskesdas’s data in 2013 showed the prevalence of overweight in adolescents aged 16–18 years old in Indonesia reached the highest value of 11.5%. Moreover, most teenagers see their body images as a match between self’s and others’ ideal perception. Teenagers with positive body image tend to be more confident and also easier to get along with other people, especially their peers. In this study, researcher aimed to investigate the relationship between teenagers who have excess body weight with body image, whether it had positive or negative impact.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data collection was done from December 2017 to January 2018. Data collected were anthropometric measurements (weight and height) and the King College London Body Image Questionnaire's filled by participants. From 400 subjects who filled the questionnaires, a total of 350 participants matched the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Chi square test was done as data analysis.Results: Chi-square analysis for excess body weight status in relation to body image scores showed no relationship (p=1,000).Conclusions: There was no significant relationship between excessive body weight and body image. 

scholarly journals Social norms, attitudes and access to modern contraception for adolescent girls in six districts in Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Bukuluki ◽  
Peter Kisaakye ◽  
Maxime Houinato ◽  
Adekemi Ndieli ◽  
Evelyn Letiyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Access To Contraception

Abstract Background Social norms continue to be entrenched in Uganda. Understanding social norms helps to uncover the underlying drivers that influence attitudes and behavior towards contraceptive access and use. This study therefore seeks to investigate the factors that influence the social norm – access to contraception by adolescent girls – in six districts in Uganda. Data and methods: Using data from a community cross-sectional survey in six districts (Amudat, Kaberamaido, Kasese, Moroto, Tororo and Pader) in Uganda, a binary logistic regression model was fitted to examine the variation in individual beliefs and socio-economic and demographic factors on ‘allowing adolescent girls to access contraception in a community’ – we refer to as a social norm. Results Results demonstrate that a higher proportion of respondents hold social norms that inhibit adolescent girls from accessing contraception in the community. After controlling for all variables, the likelihood for adolescent girls to be allowed access to contraception in the community was higher among respondents living in Kaberamaido (OR = 2.58; 95 %CI = 1.23–5.39), Kasese (OR = 2.62; 95 %CI = 1.25–5.47), Pader (OR = 4.35; 95 %CI = 2.15–8.79) and Tororo (OR = 9.44; 95 %CI = 4.59–19.37), those aged 30–34 years likely (OR = 1.73; 95 %CI = 1.03–2.91). However, the likelihood for respondents living in Moroto to agree that adolescent girls are allowed to access contraception was lower (OR = 0.27; 95 %CI = 0.11–0.68) compared to respondents living in Amudat. Respondents who were not formally employed (OR = 0.63; 95 %CI = 0.43–0.91), and those who agreed that withdrawal prevents pregnancy (OR = 0.45; 95 %CI = 0.35–0.57) were less likely to agree that adolescent girls are allowed to access contraception in the community. Respondents who agreed that a girl who is sexually active can use contraception to prevent unwanted pregnancy (OR = 1.84; 95 %CI = 1.33–2.53), unmarried women or girls should have access to contraception (OR = 2.15; 95 %CI = 1.61–2.88), married women or girls should have access to contraception (OR = 1.55; 95 %CI = 0.99–2.39) and women know where to obtain contraception for prevention against pregnancy (OR = 2.35; 95 %CI = 1.19–4.65) were more likely to agree that adolescent girls are allowed to access contraception. Conclusions The findings underscore the need for context specific ASRH programs that take into account the differences in attitudes and social norms that affect access and use of contraception by adolescents.

P–647 How do migraine attacks change during puberty?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Boettcher ◽  
A Kyprianou ◽  
L Wildt ◽  
C Lechner ◽  
M Kößler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Daily Headache

Abstract Study question How do the stage of puberty and the menstrual cycle influence characteristics of migraine? Summary answer During puberty, the frequency of migraine attacks increases, especially during the follicular phase. The pattern of migraine changes to a typical adult pattern of migraine. What is known already Up to puberty, headaches are as common in girls as in boys. After the onset of puberty migraine is more prevalent in adolescent girls suggesting an association with sex hormones. Attacks of menstrual migraine are characterized by a longer duration, tend to be more severe, and are less responsive to acute medication compared to migraine attacks which are independent from the menstrual cycle phase. Study design, size, duration For this prospective cohort study 47 girls were recruited from two Departments of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine between 01/2016 and 12/2018. Participants/materials, setting, methods Girls between 7 and 18 years old, diagnosed with migraine without aura according to the “International Classification of Headache Disorders II” diagnostic criteria, took part. Three groups (pre-, peri-, and postpubertal) were formed according to the Tanner stage and the onset of a regular menstruation. Girls kept a daily headache and menstrual cycle diary over 8 weeks. Ovulatory cycles were analyzed by weekly progesterone saliva tests. Main results and the role of chance Three groups according to Tanner stage and onset of regular menstruation were compared: pre- (n = 16), peri- (n = 19) and post-pubertal (n = 12) girls. A significant difference in migraine frequency was found between pre- and post- pubertal girls (p = 0.005). Headache characteristics did not differ significantly between the three groups. Interestingly, a higher frequency of attacks in follicular phase occurred compared to luteal phase (p = 0.030). Limitations, reasons for caution Repeated blood sampling would have been a more reliable technique compared to saliva assays. The sample size is small. Wider implications of the findings: During puberty, the number of migraine attacks but not the specific headache characteristics changes in adolescent girls which should be taken into consideration regarding the management of these patients. Trial registration number AN2013–0027

scholarly journals Menstrual Hygiene Practice and School Absenteeism among Rural Adolescent girls of Kalikot district

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 258-264
Author(s):  
D Ranabhat ◽  
S Nepal ◽  
B. Regmi
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hygiene Practice ◽  
School Absenteeism ◽  
School Students ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene

Menstruation is a part of female reproductive cycle that starts when girls become sexually mature at the time of puberty. This study sought to assess the menstrual hygiene practice and school absenteeism among the rural school going adolescent girls. A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 321 female high school students of 4 selected government schools of Kalikot a rural district of Nepal. It was found that majority of student’s menstrual hygiene practice was poor i.e. 86.9%. Majority of respondents (96 %) used clean cloth during their menstruation cycle, whereas only 4% of respondents used sanitary pad. Almost every adolescent girl i.e. 98.8 % practiced any cultural restriction. Nearly 1 in 4 respondents (22.1%) did not attend school during their last menstruation and more than 1 in 10 adolescent girls felt that their academic performance was degraded after menarche. Adolescent girls of 10-14 age group were three time more likely to have poor practice than those who were between 15-19 years. Adolescent girls from nuclear families are 1.9 times more likely to be absent from school during the menstrual cycle in comparison to girls from joint families. The study revealed that among the adolescent girls of the study area, the overall menstrual hygiene practice was found to be poor and the various beliefs were found to be inappropriate and school absenteeism was also prevalent during menstrual cycle.

scholarly journals Nutritional status of adolescent girls in Bangladesh: findings of a community based survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabir Hossen ◽  
Fazlur Rahman ◽  
Saidur Rahman Mashreky
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Under Nutrition

Poverty, large population, socio- economic inequalities and inadequate access to proper health care facilities are the key causes of under nutrition in Bangladesh. Adolescents are the most vulnerable group for under nutrition and having great consequence as they will be parent in future. Studies on nutritional status of adolescent girls are fewer in number and have great effect for intervention. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status and predisposing factors of under nutrition among the adolescent girls in Bangladesh. A community-based cross-sectional survey was carried out from July to December 2013. Adolescent girls were the study population. Data was collected by face to face interview at household level. According to BMI category (kg/m2) the prevalence of under-weight (BMI<18.5) was found 65.9% and as per Gomez Classification (Weight for age), the prevalence of malnutrition was 48.2% (mild), 23.5% (moderate) and 2.8% (severe) categories and finally, as per Water Low Classification wasting found 16.6% (mild), 3.5%(moderate) and 0.2% severe categories. On the other hand, stunting found 39.6 % (mild), 9.2% (moderate) and 2.3% (severe) categories. Prevalence of under nutrition was found much higher (82.3%) among younger age group (?12 years). Higher prevalence of under-nutrition also found among the functionally illiterate adolescent girls, it was 75.8% and 51.3% among illiterate and literate group respectively. In both of the cases difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The prevalence of illness found higher among under-weight adolescent girls in last two weeks compare to healthy adolescent girls both in rural and urban settings. This difference also found statistically significant (p<0.001). Under nourishment found higher among younger and low literate girls. Prevalence of other symptoms is also found higher among them.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.6(1) 2016: 3-7

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