Untargeted lipidomics of ovine milk to analyse the influence of different diet regimens

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Cristina Manis ◽  
Margherita Addis ◽  
Maria Sitzia ◽  
Paola Scano ◽  
Viviana Garau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Lipid Mobilization ◽  
Saturated Medium ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract In this work we report a lipidomics approach to study the effects of two diet systems on the composition of ovine milk. Milk from two groups of Sarda sheep grazing on 40% (P40) and 60% (P60) of pasture were analyzed by a UHPLC-QTOF-MS analytical platform and data submitted to multivariate statistical analysis. Pairwise partial least square discriminant analysis of the lipid profile of the data was carried out to classify samples and to find discriminant lipids. The two dietary groups were characterized by differences in triacylglycerols, phosphocholines and phosphatidylethanolamines levels. Discriminants of the P40 group were TG and PC containing in their backbone saturated medium chain FA thus suggesting greater de novo fatty synthesis in the mammary gland. On the other hand, the P60 group was characterized by TG and PC formed by unsaturated long chain FA originating from the diet or from lipid mobilization.

scholarly journals Metabolomics profiling of Polygoni Multiflori Radix and Polygoni Multiflori Radix Preparata extracts using UPLC-Q/TOF-MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyan Zhang ◽  
Liang Yang ◽  
Xiaoyan Huang ◽  
Yue Gao
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Biochemical Indicators ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Tof Ms

Abstract Background The side effects caused by Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) and Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (PMRP) have often appeared globally. There is no research on the changes of endogenous metabolites among PMR- and PMRP-treated rats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the varying metabolomic effects between PMR- and PMRP-treated rats. We tried to discover relevant differences in biomarkers and endogenous metabolic pathways. Methods Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry staining were performed to find pathological changes. Biochemical indicators were also measured, one-way analysis of variance with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test was used for biochemical indicators comparison among various groups. Metabolomics analysis based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) was performed to find the changes in metabolic biomarkers. Multivariate statistical approaches such as principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied to reveal group clustering trend, evaluate and maximize the discrimination between the two groups. MetaboAnalyst 4.0 was performed to find and confirm the pathways. Results PMR extracts exhibited slight hepatotoxic effects on the liver by increasing aspartate and alanine aminotransferase levels. Twenty-nine metabolites were identified as biomarkers, belonging to five pathways, including alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and primary bile acid biosynthesis. Conclusion This study provided a comprehensive description of metabolomic changes between PMR- and PMRP-treated rats. The underlying mechanisms require further research.

Wood discrimination analyses of Pterocarpus tinctorius and endangered Pterocarpus santalinus using DART-FTICR-MS coupled with multivariate statistics

IAWA Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maomao Zhang ◽  
Guang Jie Zhao ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Tuo He ◽  
Juan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Fticr Ms ◽  
Pterocarpus Santalinus

ABSTRACT Pterocarpus santalinus, listed in CITES Appendix II, is an endangered timber species as a result of illegal harvesting due to its high value and commercial demand. The growing demand for P. santalinus and timbers with the morphologically similar Pterocarpus tinctorius has resulted in confusion as well as identification problems. Therefore, it is of vital importance to explore reliable ways to accurately discriminate between P. santalinus and P. tinctorius. In this study, the method of direct analysis in real time and fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (DART-FTICR-MS), combined with multivariate statistical analysis, was used to extract chemical information from xylarium wood specimens and to explore the feasibility of distinguishing these two species. Significant differences were observed in their DART-FTICR-MS spectra. Orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) showed the highest prediction, with an accuracy of 100%. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of authenticating wood types using DART-FTICR-MS coupled with multivariate statistical analysis.

Expression and nutritional regulation of lipogenic genes in mammary gland and adipose tissues of lactating goats

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Bernard ◽  
Christine Leroux ◽  
Muriel Bonnet ◽  
Jacques Rouel ◽  
Patrice Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Nutritional Regulation ◽  
Lipogenic Genes ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Long Chain

While the effect of long-chain fatty acids on adipose tissue (AT) lipogenic activities has been described in non-lactating ruminants (Vernon, 1977), little is known about their effects on the mammary gland and the AT in lactating animals. However, in cows in mid lactation, duodenal rapeseed oil infusion decreased the rate of fatty acid (FA) synthesis in AT and increased milk yield of long-chain FA (18[ratio ]1, 18[ratio ]2 and 18[ratio ]3) and decreased medium-chain FA (14[ratio ]0 and 16[ratio ]0), suggesting a depressive effect of fat feeding on mammary lipid synthesis de novo (Chilliard et al. 1991). On the other hand, in goat species, the addition of vegetable lipids to the diet led to an increase in the milk fat content and yield (Chilliard et al. 2003) suggesting that the possible negative effect of long-chain FA on FA synthesis in the lactating mammary gland could be more than compensated by increasing the supply of FA brought to the mammary gland for milk synthesis. Elsewhere, AT from various anatomical sites are characterized by different FA composition in goat (Bas et al. 1987) together with different patterns of lipogenic gene expression in sheep (Barber et al. 2000). These results suggest that each AT site is characterized by a specific metabolism. However, in lactating ruminants, few data are available on the extent of expression and regulation of genes coding for lipogenic enzymes in AT. Therefore, the current study was performed in three lipogenic tissues of lactating goats, namely the mammary gland, an internal AT site (perirenal AT) and an external AT site (subcutaneous AT).

scholarly journals Applying Discriminant and Cluster Analyses to Separate Allergenic from Non-allergenic Proteins

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Naneva ◽  
M. Nedyalkova ◽  
S. Madurga ◽  
F. Mas ◽  
V. Simeonov
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Genomics And Proteomics ◽  
Cross Covariance ◽  
Allergenic Proteins

AbstractAs a result of increased healthcare requirements and the introduction of genetically modified foods, the problem of allergies is becoming a growing health problem. The concept of allergies has prompted the use of new methods such as genomics and proteomics to uncover the nature of allergies. In the present study, a selection of 1400 food proteins was analysed by PLS-DA (Partial Least Square-based Discriminant Analysis) after suitable transformation of structural parameters into uniform vectors. Then, the resulting strings of different length were converted into vectors with equal length by Auto and Cross-Covariance (ACC) analysis. Hierarchical and non-hierarchical (K-means) Cluster Analysis (CA) was also performed in order to reach a certain level of separation within a small training set of plant proteins (16 allergenic and 16 non-allergenic) using a new three-dimensional descriptor based on surface protein properties in combination with amino acid hydrophobicity scales. The novelty of the approach in protein differentiation into allergenic and non-allergenic classes is described in the article.The general goal of the present study was to show the effectiveness of a traditional chemometric method for classification (PLS–DA) and the options of Cluster Analysis (CA) to separate by multivariate statistical methods allergenic from non-allergenic proteins.

Modeling of Giant Magnetostrictive Material Based on Multivariate Statistical Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Xue Jun Zhu ◽  
Zhi Wen Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Significance Test ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Hysteresis Phenomenon ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Magnetostrictive Material ◽  
Giant Magnetostrictive Material ◽  
Set Up

In this paper, a kind of giant magnetostrictive material (GMM) model based on hysteretic nonlinear theory was developed. Van de Pol nonlinear difference item was introduced to interpret the hysteresis phenomenon of the strain-magnetic field intensity (MFI) curve of GMM. The coupling relationship between MFI and frequency was obtained in partial least-square regression method to describe the driftage phenomenon of the strain-MFI curves of GMM in different frequencies. Based on above, the final relationship among strain, MFI and frequency was set up. The result of significance test shows that the effects of all of the items in the final model are remarkable, and that of forecast test shows that the model can describe the characteristics of GMA in different frequencies well. The new GMM model broadens the region of controlling frequency, and is easy to be analyzed in theory, which is helpful to vibration control.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS PELAYANAN INTERNET INDIHOME PADA PT. X DENGAN PENDEKATAN PART LEAST SQUARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Kukuh Winarso ◽  
Moh. Jufriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Inner Model

PT. X Provides paid internet services known as Indihome. The problem that occurs in Indihome Internet service is that there are 42.36% complaints from consumers to the service process provided by PT. X and there is a 7.46% complaint about the amount of the bill. The purpose of this study is to model and know what variables affect the quality of the Indihome Internet service. The method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). Partial Least Square (PLS) is one of the multivariate statistical analysis techniques that can handle multiple response variables and an explanatory variable. The variables used are tangible, empathy, assurance, reliability and responsiveness. The results of the research are the increase of R square value after the implementation of the A5 indicator that does not meet the model PLS. All five variables affect the quality of indihome Internet service is 76,1%. Based on the hypothesis test results on the outer model It is said that the variable indicator is valid with p-value = 0 < 0,05. In testing the inner model obtained that the variable tangible and responsiveness has no significant effect on the quality of Internet service Indihome, while the variable empathy, assurance, reliability significantly affect the quality of service Indihome Internet.

scholarly journals Designing Interface of Mobile Parental Information System based on Users’ Perception Using Kansei Engingeering

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Hadiana
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
User Interface ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Type I ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Emotional Factor ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
System Data ◽  
Parental Information

Users’ psychological emotion plays important role in designing an interface of software including application of information system. This research attempted to implement Kansei Engineering Type I (KEPack) as a method to analyze kinds of emotional factor related to user interface for mobile Parental Information System. This research used Kansei Words to explore users’ requirements based on psychological factors. Eighteen words were used for Kansei Words that have relationship with Parental Information System. Ten samples of mobile information system were selected as specimens considered suitable for designing interface of Parental Information System. Data questionnaires collected from thirty respondents were processed using multivariate statistical analysis such as Factor Analysis (FA) and Partial Least Square (PLS). This research found that the two important emotional factors i.e funny and informative have to be considered for designing user interface for mobile Parental Information System.

scholarly journals A Review of the Metabolic Origins of Milk Fatty Acids

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamaria COZMA ◽  
Doina MIERE ◽  
Lorena FILIP ◽  
Sanda ANDREI ◽  
Roxana BANC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Ruminal Biohydrogenation ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Milk fat and its fatty acid profile are important determinants of the technological, sensorial, and nutritional properties of milk and dairy products. The two major processes contributing to the presence of fatty acids in ruminant milk are the mammary lipogenesis and the lipid metabolism in the rumen. Among fatty acids, 4:0 to 12:0, almost all 14:0 and about a half of 16:0 in milk fat derive from de novo synthesis within the mammary gland. De novo synthesis utilizes as precursors acetate and butyrate produced through carbohydrates ruminal fermentation and involves acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase as key enzymes. The rest of 16:0 and all of the long-chain fatty acids derive from mammary uptake of circulating lipoproteins and nonesterified fatty acids that originate from digestive absorption of lipids and body fat mobilization. Further, long-chain fatty acids as well as medium-chain fatty acids entering the mammary gland can be desaturated via Δ-9 desaturase, an enzyme that acts by adding a cis-9-double bond on the fatty acid chain. Moreover, ruminal biohydrogenation of dietary unsaturated fatty acids results in the formation of numerous fatty acids available for incorporation into milk fat. Ruminal biohydrogenation is performed by rumen microbial population as a means of protection against the toxic effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Within the rumen microorganisms, bacteria are principally responsible for ruminal biohydrogenation when compared to protozoa and anaerobic fungi.

scholarly journals Proactive Personality, Career Success, dan Career Adaptability pada Karyawan PT Kereta Api Indonesia Daop 8 Surabaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Tri Siwi Agustina ◽  
Ivan Rizky Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Career Success ◽  
Proactive Personality ◽  
The State ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
The Other ◽  
Career Adaptability ◽  
Subjective Career Success ◽  
Boundaryless Career

Proactive personality is an important factor in a boundaryless career. The reason is, in the boundaryless career period, the work environment becomes uncertain and the challenges in a career are increasingly complex. Therefore, there is a need for an adaptive attitude in running a career. Proactive personality is seen as a form of career adaptability. This study analyzes the rela- tionship between proactive personality, career adaptability and career success (subjective and ob- jective). Samples from this study are 41 people from employees of PT KAI DAOP 8 Surabaya which is included in the State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN). The respondents’ data were analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) using the SmartPLS 3.0 program. The results of this study indicate that when proactive personalities increase, career adaptability and subjective career success will in- crease too. While the other results of this study are when proactive personality increases, it does not significantly influence objective career success. Similarly, increasing career adaptability does not significantly influence objective career success.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE, DISCLOSURE AND INFORMATION ASYMMETRY IN INDONESIA BANKING INDUSTRY

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Sihombing ◽  
Hisar Pangaribuan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Statistical Method ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
The Other ◽  
Corporate Governance Structure

The purposes of this study are to find out the effect of corporate governance structure on information asymmetry, to find out the effect of corporate governance structure on disclosure, and to find out the effect of disclosure on information asymmetry in Indonesia banking industry. This study used partial least square/ variance based statistical method.  The results of this study found out that good implementation of corporate governance structure will increase disclosure in Indonesia banking industry. The other result implied that the higher implementation disclosure will reduce information asymmetry in Indonesia banking industry (disclosure represented by the indicator of percentage corporate governance items disclosed or as IPCG).

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