Mast cells in aural polyps: a preliminary report

1995 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 491-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. M. Hussain ◽  
J. M. Hopkinson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Upper Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
One Year ◽  
Adenoidal Tissue

AbstractMast cells are a rich source of potent biologically active mediators and are found in connective tissue, associated with blood vessels in many varied inflammatory conditions. Mast cells have been described in nasal polyps and turbinates and in adenoidal tissue in the upper aerodigestive tract. As the middle ear lining is contiguous with the nose and the nasopharynx, the presence of mast cells in aural polyps is interesting.This preliminary study investigated the presence of mast cells in inflammatory aural polyps using light microscopy. All patients presenting to the department in one year were included. Patients with previous ear disease or surgery and in whom cholesteatoma was suspected were excluded. Except for one patient mast cells were seen in all aural polyps. The implications of these findings is discussed. Further work is needed using electron microscopy.

Magnesium and sulfur in mast cell and basophil granules of lower vertebrates in relation with histamine

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1596-1597
Author(s):  
Kenichi Takaya
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

Mast cell and basophil granules of the vertebrate contain heparin or related sulfated proteoglycans. Histamine is also present in mammalian mast cells and basophils. However, no histamine is detected in mast cell granules of the amphibian or fish, while it is shown in those of reptiles and birds A quantitative x-ray microanalysis of mast cell granules of fresh frozen dried ultrathin sections of the tongue of Wistar rats and tree frogs disclosed high concentrations of sulfur in rat mast cell granules and those of sulfur and magnesium in the tree frog granules. Their concentrations in tree frog mast cell granules were closely correlated (r=0.94).Fresh frozen dried ultrathin sections and fresh air-dried prints of the tree frog tongue and spleen and young red-eared turtle (ca. 6 g) spleen and heart blood were examined by a quantitative energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis (X-650, Kevex-7000) for the element constituents of the granules of mast cells and basophils. The specimens were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (80-200 kV) and followed by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) under an analytical electron microscope (X-650) at an acceleration voltage of 40 kV and a specimen current of 0.2 nA. A spot analysis was performed in a STEM mode for 100 s at a specimen current of 2 nA on the mast cell and basophil granules and other areas of the cells. Histamine was examined by the o-phthalaldehyde method.

scholarly journals Facile Bio-Fabrication of Ag-Cu-Co Trimetallic Nanoparticles and Its Fungicidal Activity against Candida auris

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Rasool Kamli ◽  
Vartika Srivastava ◽  
Nahid H. Hajrah ◽  
Jamal S. M. Sabir ◽  
Khalid Rehman Hakeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phase Cell ◽  
Candida Auris ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
One Pot ◽  
X Ray

Candida auris is an emergent multidrug-resistant pathogen that can lead to severe bloodstream infections associated with high mortality rates, especially in hospitalized individuals suffering from serious medical problems. As Candida auris is often multidrug-resistant, there is a persistent demand for new antimycotic drugs with novel antifungal action mechanisms. Here, we reported the facile, one-pot, one-step biosynthesis of biologically active Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of Salvia officinalis rich in polyphenols and flavonoids. These medicinally important phytochemicals act as a reducing agent and stabilize/capping in the nanoparticles’ fabrication process. Fourier Transform-Infrared, Scanning electron microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Energy dispersive X-Ray, X-ray powder diffraction and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements were used to classify the as-synthesized nanoparticles. Moreover, we evaluated the antifungal mechanism of as-synthesized nanoparticles against different clinical isolates of C. auris. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum fungicidal concentrations ranged from 0.39–0.78 μg/mL and 0.78–1.56 μg/mL. Cell count and viability assay further validated the fungicidal potential of Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles. The comprehensive analysis showed that these trimetallic nanoparticles could induce apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in C. auris. Furthermore, Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles exhibit enhanced antimicrobial properties compared to their monometallic counterparts attributed to the synergistic effect of Ag, Cu and Co present in the as-synthesized nanoparticles. Therefore, the present study suggests that the Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles hold the capacity to be a lead for antifungal drug development against C. auris infections.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study of the Targeted Cleaning of an Artificial Gypsum Layer on White Marble

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Taoling Dong ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Fuwei Yang ◽  
Liqin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Barium Carbonate ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
White Marble ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Scanning Electron

Targeting cleaning of the artificial gypsum layer on white marble was studied. It was conducted by means of the specific depletion of the calcium and sulfate ions by the barium carbonate scavenger, which led to the continuous dissolution and clearance of gypsum layer. The cleaning effect was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), capillary suction, and color difference measurement. By this method, only the gypsum layer was cleared away and the carbonate substrate of marble was left intact at the same time. This method will be highly useful for the conservation of marble relics from surface weathering.

Association of Mast Cell Burden and TIM-3 Expression with Recalcitrant Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps

2021 ◽  
pp. 000348942199503
Author(s):  
Michael A. Belsky ◽  
Erica Corredera ◽  
Hridesh Banerjee ◽  
John Moore ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Mast Cell Activation ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory State

Objectives: Previous work showed that higher polyp mast cell load correlated with worse postoperative endoscopic appearance in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Polyp epithelial mast cells showed increased expression of T-cell/transmembrane immunoglobulin and mucin domain protein 3 (TIM-3), a receptor that promotes mast cell activation and cytokine production. In this study, CRSwNP patients were followed post-operatively to investigate whether mast cell burden or TIM-3 expression among mast cells can predict recalcitrant disease. Methods: Nasal polyp specimens were obtained via functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and separated into epithelial and stromal layers via enzymatic digestion. Mast cells and TIM-3-expressing mast cells were identified via flow cytometry. Mann-Whitney U tests and Cox proportional hazard models assessed whether mast cell burden and TIM-3 expression were associated with clinical outcomes, including earlier recurrence of polypoid edema and need for treatment with steroids. Results: Twenty-three patients with CRSwNP were studied and followed for 6 months after undergoing FESS. Higher mast cell levels were associated with earlier recurrence of polypoid edema: epithelial HR = 1.283 ( P = .02), stromal HR = 1.103 ( P = .02). Percent of mast cells expressing TIM-3 in epithelial or stromal layers was not significantly associated with earlier recurrence of polypoid edema. Mast cell burden and TIM-3+ expression were not significantly associated with need for future treatment with steroids post-FESS. Conclusions: Mast cell load in polyp epithelium and stroma may predict a more refractory postoperative course for CRSwNP patients. The role of TIM-3 in the chronic inflammatory state seen in CRSwNP remains unclear.

Angiectatic Nasal Polyps That Clinically Simulate a Malignant Process

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry G. Yfantis ◽  
Cinthia B. Drachenberg ◽  
William Gray ◽  
John C. Papadimitriou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Histologic Diagnosis ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Vascular Proliferation ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Aggressive Clinical Behavior

Abstract Background.—Approximately 5% of inflammatory or allergic sinonasal polyps develop extensive vascular proliferation and ectasia with deposition of pseudoamyloid. These so-called angiectatic nasal polyps (ANPs) can grow rapidly and exhibit an aggressive clinical behavior that could simulate malignancy preoperatively. Objective.—To systematically address the differential histologic diagnosis of ANPs. Methods.—We evaluated by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy biopsy and resection specimens from 2 large ANPs (8 and 10 cm in diameter) that presented in 2 adult men with life-threatening epistaxis and facial deformity, respectively. Results.—The tumors were firm, lobulated, and covered by smooth, partially ulcerated mucosa. Histologically, clusters of dilated, thin-walled blood vessels embedded in pools of Congo red–negative eosinophilic material, associated with patchy necrosis and atypical stromal spindle cells, were seen. Electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry (CD34, factor VIII) confirmed the endothelial nature of the cells lining the spaces, whereas the atypical stromal cells were classified as myofibroblasts. Conclusions.—These 2 cases represent extreme examples of ANPs that clinically simulate a malignant process. Awareness of the histological features of ANPs should prevent confusion of such lesions with other vascular or spindle cell lesions of the nasopharynx that would require different treatment and carry a different prognosis.

Functional relationships between sensory nerve fibers and mast cells of dura mater in normal and inflammatory conditions

Neuroscience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 829-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Dimitriadou ◽  
A Rouleau ◽  
M.D Trung Tuong ◽  
G.J.F Newlands ◽  
H.R.P Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study on Teaching Korean students Chinese tones: Taking Korean High School Students as an Example

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zefang Xu
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
School Students ◽  
Korean Students ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
One Year

This paper takes the learners who have a one-year experience of learning Chinese in Korean high schools as the investigated and studied sample, concludes the teaching methods of the first, second, third, and fourth Chinese tones, and focuses on the methods of tone teaching.

scholarly journals Immunocytochemical localization of histamine in secretory granules of rat peritoneal mast cells with conventional or rapid microwave fixation and an ultrastructural post-embedding immunogold technique.

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1247-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
G R Login ◽  
S J Galli ◽  
A M Dvorak
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Fixation Method ◽  
Structural Localization ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Aldehyde Fixation ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cells ◽  
Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells

We used a post-embedding immunogold labeling approach to define the fine-structural localization of histamine in rat peritoneal mast cells that were fixed using either standard aldehyde fixation or a fast microwave-aldehyde fixation method. Specimens were processed routinely for electron microscopy. Thin sections were exposed first to guinea pig antihistamine antiserum and then to gold-conjugated goat IgG directed against guinea pig IgG. By transmission electron microscopy, gold particles were localized to the matrix of cytoplasmic granules. Control sections treated with non-immune sera did not show labeling of mast cells. Adsorption of antihistamine antiserum with purified histamine or histamine bound to agarose showed a significant reduction (p less than 0.005) in granule staining. We also confirmed that our isolation procedures yielded functionally competent mast cells which released histamine when stimulated with sheep anti-rat IgE antiserum or with compound 48/80. These studies define the conditions of fixation for electron microscopy that are appropriate for the localization of histamine in the granule matrix of rat peritoneal mast cells.

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