Some Recent Interpretations of John Stuart Mill

Philosophy ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 43 (163) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Halliday
Keyword(s):  
Central Place ◽  
John Stuart Mill ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Structure ◽  
Relevant Question ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Conduct ◽  
Other Regarding

It is usual to interpret Mill's understanding of liberty in terms deriving from his distinction in On Liberty between self-regarding and other-regarding conduct. Granted this distinction and Mill's genuine concern to define and defend it, it remains a relevant question why he attached so much importance to it. This raises a less familiar theme in Mill, namely the inter-connection of self-regarding and other-regarding conduct. An uncommitted reading of the main texts suggests an equivalent value is attached to this. Mill clearly and constantly asserts a close connection between each person's own attempt to improve himself, to cultivate his ‘affections and will’, and the social and political structure in which he acts. Self-regarding virtue and responsible social conduct are interdependent; the quality of each depends upon the quality of the other. A fuller recognition of this and its central place in Mill's revision of Bentham may be of help in examining some of the particular problems raised by recent scholarship on Mill.

Justice

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Political Philosophy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Individual Character ◽  
Individual Trait ◽  
The Social

From its earliest roots in Greek philosophy, among the most prominent virtues—and arguably the most important of the social virtues—has been justice. While during this same period political philosophy focused intense energy on understanding justice as a property or quality of societies, discussion of justice as a virtue of individuals mostly disappeared. But justice as a virtue of individual character has, along with the other virtues, regained footing as work examining it has increased not only in philosophy but also in social psychology and other empirical fields of study. This volume aims to demonstrate some of the breadth of that thinking and research. It is a collection of new essays solicited from philosophers and political theorists, psychologists, economists, biologists, and legal scholars. Each contribution focuses on some aspect of what makes us just people, either by examining the science that explains the development of justice as a virtue, by highlighting virtue cultivation within distinctive traditions of empirical or philosophical thought, or by adopting a distinctive perspective on justice as an individual trait and its contribution to a society of thriving people. The book aims to stimulate further work in justice as an individual virtue and in how we can become more just as individuals.

Social Quality in a Transitive Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy Heyets
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Quality ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
Quality Approach ◽  
The Welfare State

Nearly 30 years of transformation of the sociopolitical and legal, socioeconomical and financial, sociocultural and welfare, and socioenvironmental dimensions in both Central and Eastern Europe, including Ukraine, has led to a change of the social quality of daily circumstances. On the one hand, the interconnection and reciprocity of these four relevant dimensions of societal life is the underlying cause of such changes, and on the other, the state as main actor of the sociopolitical and legal dimension is the initiator of those changes. Applying the social quality approach, I will reflect in this article on the consequences of these changes, especially in Ukraine. In comparison, the dominant Western interpretation of the “welfare state” will also be discussed.

In Search of a Target Language

Target ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Brisset ◽  
Lynda Davey
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Exchange Value ◽  
Foreign Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Quebec French ◽  
Special Quality ◽  
The Difference

Abstract In nationalist Quebec, French is rejected as the bearer of a foreign culture in the same way that the Québécois' native land, despoiled by the English, has become the country of the Other. Theatre, more than anything else, lent itself to the task of differentiation allotted to language. As of 1968 the vernacular has become the language of the stage as well as of theatre translation such as the exchange value of both foreign works and French translations from France increasingly erodes. Translating "into Québécois" consists in marking out the difference which opposes French in Quebec and so-called French from France. Since, however, the special quality of Québécois French is truly noticeable only among the working classes, Québécois theatre translations are almost always marked by proletarization of language and lowering the social status of the protagonists, thereby increasing the translation possibilities first and foremost of American sociolects.

scholarly journals HOW DEEPLY DO WE INCLUDE ROBOTIC AGENTS IN THE SELF?

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350015 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNA STENZEL ◽  
ERIS CHINELLATO ◽  
ANGEL P. DEL POBIL ◽  
MARKUS LAPPE ◽  
ROMAN LIEPELT
Keyword(s):  
Simon Task ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Report Data ◽  
High Degree

In human–human interactions, a consciously perceived high degree of self–other overlap is associated with a higher degree of integration of the other person's actions into one's own cognitive representations. Here, we report data suggesting that this pattern does not hold for human–robot interactions. Participants performed a social Simon task with a robot, and afterwards indicated the degree of self–other overlap using the Inclusion of the Other in the Self (IOS) scale. We found no overall correlation between the social Simon effect (as an indirect measure of self–other overlap) and the IOS score (as a direct measure of self–other overlap). For female participants we even observed a negative correlation. Our findings suggest that conscious and unconscious evaluations of a robot may come to different results, and hence point to the importance of carefully choosing a measure for quantifying the quality of human–robot interactions.

Rules, Know-How, and the Future of Moral Cognition

2000 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 291-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Churchland
Keyword(s):  
Social World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Moral Cognition ◽  
Adequate Account ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

Professor Clark's splendid essay represents a step forward from which there should be no retreat. Our de facto moral cognition involves a complex and evolving interplay between, on the one hand, the non discursive cognitive mechanisms of the biological brain, and, on the other, the often highly discursive extra-personal “scaffolding” that structures the social world in which our brains are normally situated, a world that has been, to a large extent, created by our own moral and political activity. That interplay extends the reach and elevates the quality of the original nondiscursive cognition, and thus any adequate account of moral cognition must address both of these contributing dimensions. An account that focuses only on brain mechanisms will be missing something vital.

Poetics of Conspiracy and Hermeneutics of Suspicion in Tacitus's Dialogus de Oratoribus

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Alex Dressler
Keyword(s):  
Affective Response ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Point Of Departure

This article argues that the end of Tacitus's Dialogus de Oratoribus is inconclusive in ways that draw attention to the difficulty of interpretation not only of the dialogue, as by modern scholars, but also in the dialogue, as by its leading characters. The inconclusiveness is especially marked by a commonly noted, but little discussed, feature of the end: when the rest of the characters laugh at the point of departure, Tacitus himself does not. Arguing that this difference of affective response on the part of the characters prefigures differences in interpretive response on the part of readers, the article identifies different strains in recent scholarship: pessimistic and optimistic. Both forms of response entail an attribution of a “poetics of conspiracy” (Hinds) to the ultimate speaker of the dialogue, the author Tacitus, and a “hermeneutics of suspicion” (Ricoeur) to its reader. At the same time, the author's double-position, as character and author, between narrated event and narration of the event to the reader, suggests that the other characters in the dialogue may, like the author and reader, also exercise such poetics and hermeneutics on one another and themselves. The article ends with the comparandum of the first satire of Tacitus's near contemporary, Juvenal, suggesting that, in the case of these works that can look with hindsight on the social and political past of the Early Empire, their modes of transmission and reception may be politically determined (e.g., as conspiratorial, suspicious) but may also demonstrate, within the restrictions of social and political determinations, a high degree of contingency, reflexivity, and autonomy. Such possibilities suggest that the text itself is part of a pragmatic and performative tradition of the kind enacted by its characters, in addition to a tradition of the production of (comparatively static and unfree) “literary” works.

scholarly journals ONLINE PERSONALITY AS A CULTURAL PHENOMENON: DIALOGISM IN THE PRACTICE OF A MODERN BLOGGER

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
Evgeny A. Ermolin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Professional Success ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
The Media

Intensive information exchange and effective levers of horizontal democracy problematize the status of a journalist. The line between the audience and the producers of information is blurred. Non-traditional media projects are based on collaboration and dialogue. Media participation occurs when a person develops public activism and seeks to express himself publicly. In the article, such active people are defined as a trans-audience, and the new author is defined as a mediaprosumer. A journalist who is concerned with professional success finds himself as a blogger in the modern media situation. The blogger's online identity unfolds in a multi-vector way. The potential for dialogue inherent in posting as it is (the author's blog posts) is revealed during communication in the social network about the post. The concept of comment-communication is introduced, which is a system of dialogues and polylogues of different duration on different comment branches and often significantly transforms and develops the original topics of the post. When posting/comment-communication occurs situational interaction of a unique nature. The commentator personally addresses the author of the post, and the author personifies his response based on his understanding of the media network personality of this commentator. The two network dialog partners are mutually configured and integrated into each other. The number of such dialogical (and quite often polylogical, with the participation of several interlocutors) duels for one blogger is unlimited, except for his desire and the degree of professional self-mobilisation. On the other hand, the potential of a dialogue between different commenters is also realized in comment-communication, which does not always depend on the author of the post – the blog owner. The productivity of a dialogue is usually associated with the readiness and ability to adjust to each other. Many important meanings are revealed in the mode of personalized communication. The situation of network communication makes one of the central themes in personalistic thinking relevant – the problem of the Other. A blogger-journalist has a chance to acquire not only a resource of trust from the trans-audience that develops around his blog, but also a new quality of his online personality. In the online comment dialog, many mediaprosumer rediscover their own identity.

scholarly journals The Child Seen as the Same or the Other? The Significance of the Social Convention to the Pedagogical Relation

Paideusis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Tone Saevi ◽  
Heidi Husevaag
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Social Convention ◽  
Social Conventions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pedagogical Relation

The aim of this article is to explore the lifeworld of children as they experience everyday conventional situations where proper behaviour is expected and to understand the significance of the social convention to the pedagogical relation between adult and child. Based on interviews with adults recalling pedagogical episodes of handshaking, waiting, and thanking someone, we describe and interpret narrative examples by the light of Continental phenomenological pedagogy. Including children in the traditions of a society by exposing them to situations where conventional behaviour and adherence to social norms are expected is an unavoidable ingredient of pedagogical practice. Adults often expect children to adapt to social conventions simply by being introduced to them, and at the same time as adults we are somehow prevented from seeing the meaning of the situation for the child by our grown-up-ness and the conventional quality of the situation. The socialization of children, including the transfer of conventionally proper behaviour from one generation to the next, introduces ethical and pedagogical dilemmas. We suggest that although social conventions of proper behaviour are desirable and important factors of socialization for the child, the social convention itself can be a pedagogical impasse that anticipates homogeneity and assimilation and renders difficult a pedagogically caring practice.

scholarly journals Revitalization of Public Spaces in Cittaslow Towns: Recent Urban Redevelopment in Central Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2564
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Jaszczak ◽  
Katarina Kristianova ◽  
Ewelina Pochodyła ◽  
Jan K. Kazak ◽  
Krzysztof Młynarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Urban Redevelopment ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spatial Domains

Revitalization of cities varies depending on the scale of a city, type of challenges, and the socio-environmental context in each case. While revitalization projects carried out in globally known cities are well described, there is still a gap in characterizing revitalization processes that aim to improve quality of life in smaller units like medium-sized towns. This paper fills this gap by the insight from 82 revitalization projects implemented in 14 towns of Warmia and Mazury region (Poland) which are associated in the Cittaslow movement. The study combines a quantitative assessment of statistical data describing these projects with their qualitative evaluation based on interviews with local experts. The results of conducted analyses show that socio-economic development plays a major role as, despite projects which directly refer to the social domain, social elements were found also in projects initially categorized as those targeted to architectural and spatial domains. On the other hand, the authors observed that environmental and ecological as well as cultural issues are treated unevenly or marginally in projects compared to social ones. Interviews with experts show that the least importance was assigned to cultural and historical domain. The obtained results might constitute important knowledge to understand the background of current revitalization processes outside of global metropolises to improve future mechanisms supporting urban renewal.

scholarly journals State of the Art in Comorbidities and Complications Associated with Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8056
Author(s):  
Domenico Ciavarella ◽  
Michele Tepedino ◽  
Giuseppe Troiano
Keyword(s):  
Health Management ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sleep Related Breathing Disorders ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Breathing Disorders ◽  
The Social ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Other Regarding

The term “sleep-related breathing disorders” (SRDB) comprehends a spectrum of pathologic conditions characterized by abnormal respiration during sleep, that can affect both adults and growing subjects. The expanding knowledge on this topic has revealed that impaired sleeping and breathing have profound effects on many systemic functions, therefore a modern approach requires the collaboration of different professionals like the otorhinolaryngologist, pneumologist, neurologist, cardiologist, psychologist, dentist, and many others. The real prevalence of such conditions is unknown, especially in children, even though a growing awareness can be found among Governments, researchers, and public opinion, especially for the social implications that SRDB can have. Moreover, recent studies have raised attention on comorbidities that can be associated with SRDB, influencing each other. Regarding the current international situation, it would be interesting to evaluate the progress of COVID-19 disease in SRDB patients. Defining the state-of-the-art knowledge on all the conditions orbiting around SRDB, from all points of view—aetiology, diagnosis, clinical management, interdisciplinarity, public health management—would be of great interest and impact to improve future research and the quality of life of SRDB patients.

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