Sidi Khrebish Excavations, Benghazi, 1972-73

1973 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Lloyd

A full account of the Society's involvement with the emergency excavations at Sidi Khrebish, Benghazi, is contained in the Annual Reports for 1970–1 and 1971–2. In November 1972, at the invitation of the Libyan Department of Antiquities, the Society sent out a fresh team of archaeologists to begin the new season's excavations. Work has since continued uninterrupted until the time of writing (1 July 1973) and is due to finish at the end of September.The preservation of the site from redevelopment for another year owes a great deal to the keen and active interest of the late Director-General of Antiquities, Mr Awad Sadawya, and the success of the expedition is greatly indebted to his efforts. We owe our thanks also to the officials of the Department of Antiquities whose sustained good will and co-operation has helped us greatly over this long period. In particular Mr Mohammed Nemri, Acting Director-General of Antiquities, Mr Abdulhamid Abdussaid, Controller of Antiquities for the Benghazi area, and Mr Ali Salem Letrik, Deputy Controller of Antiquities for Benghazi have taken full part in what has always been a team operation.The disused Turkish cemetery of Sidi Khrebish lies close to the sea, a short distance to the north of the bustling commercial heart of modern Benghazi (see Fig. 1). It covers part of the north-western outskirts of the city of Berenice, founded in 247 B.C., the Hellenistic and Roman successor to the Hellenic city of Euesperides. The major part of the city lies to the south and to the east of the cemetery, under the mixture of Turkish, Italian and more recent buildings which form the modern town.

In the 13 years which have elapsed since Mr. Blanford published his paper on the Winds of Northern India, very great additions have been made to our knowledge of the meteorology of the country. The carefully organised system of observations, commenced in Bengal and the North-Western Provinces, has been extended to include the whole of India, and placed under the direction of Mr. Blanford himself, aided by local officers in all the larger provinces. Verified instruments have been supplied to all the stations, and the elevations of these above sea-level have been determined by connecting them with the lines of spirit-levelling, carried inland from the coast, in various directions, by the officers of the Great Trigonometrical Survey; or, where this was impracticable, by spirit-levelling to some of the trigonometrical stations of the Survey. In this way, trust worthy and intercomparable series of barometric observations, extending over ten years or more, have been obtained for all the more important stations. At the same time, the diurnal variations of the barometer at certain selected stations have been determined by long-continued series of hourly observations, with the object of enabling us to reduce the readings made in the ordinary way (usually at 10 a. m. and 4 p. m.) to time daily means. Simultaneously with the collection of this immense quantity of accurate and reliable barometric data, observations have been made of temperature, humidity, cloud, wind, and rain. Latterly also barometric and wind charts of the Bay of Bengal have been prepared from observations made on board ships navigating those waters. During these 13 years, the winds prevailing over the Indian continent and the Bay of Bengal, and their relations to the distribution of pressure at sea-level, have been discussed from time to time, both in their normal aspects for each month or season and in their abnormal or disturbed conditions during the passage of storms. The latter conditions in particular have been very fully described by Mr. Eliot in his numerous reports on cyclones in the Bay of Bengal, while the former have been noticed in the annual reports on the meteorology of India, in occasional papers appearing in the ‘Indian Meteorological Memoirs,' and latterly in a broad and general review in Mr. Blanford’s great monograph on the Rainfall of India.


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Khadidja Naceur ◽  
Mhamed Maatoug ◽  
Lazreg Benaichata ◽  
S. А. Stankevich ◽  
O. V. Titarenko ◽  
...  

According to the data obtained in the autumn-winter period, the excess of PM2.5 in air during the schoolday after a short stay by pupils in the school yards was 1.5 –2 times. The PM2.5 concentration in the autumn - winter period was up to 1.5 times higher than that of the spring – summer time. High concentrations of dust particles are observed in areas close to heavy traffic in winter in the South-Eastern part of the city. Low concentrations were recorded in the autumn-winter time in areas adjacent to forests in the North –Western part of the city of Tiaret. However, the protective function of forest stands in the spring – summer period in the North-Western part of the city of Tiaret is less evident. The need for introduction of several nature protection measures in the city is obvious. Among them: fuel quality control and fines for the use of low-grade fuel, increasing the density of trees and shrubs in the city in the areas uncovered by vegetation.


Public Health ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-48
Author(s):  
D. O. Ivanov ◽  
V. K. Yuryev ◽  
Yu. V. Petrenko ◽  
K. E. Moiseeva ◽  
I. I. Mogileva ◽  
...  

In order to assess the mortality and lethality rates of newborns in obstetric organizations of the North-Western Federal District in 2013–2019, a comparative analysis of official statistics data was carried out. It was found that in the North-Western Federal District in the period from 2013 to 2019, there was an almost annual decrease in newborn mortality rates. The overall decrease in mortality in maternity care organizations of the Federal District (from 2,5% to 1,9%) was mainly due to a decrease in mortality in obstetric hospitals of the first and second levels (respectively from 3,2% to 1,2% and from 1,7% to 0,7%), while most children died in perinatal centers, where the mortality rate has not changed in recent years (2013 – 4,1%; 2019 – 4,0%). The study showed a decrease in mortality rates in the subjects of the Russian Federation that are part of the federal district, except for the city of St. Petersburg. The average hospital lethality rate of newborns in maternity care organizations of the North-Western Federal District during 2013–2019 was in the range of 1,9%–2,0%, did not change significantly and corresponded to the national average. However, the level of hospital lethality significantly differed in individual subjects of the district – in more than half of them, the level of hospital lethality exceeded the average, while in others it was significantly lower. Thus, the decrease in the mortality and lethality rates of newborns in maternity care organizations indicates an increase in the quality of medical care for children in the North-Western Federal District. dicates an increase in the quality of medical care for children in the North-Western Federal District. 


2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Feldman

In May 1928 The Watling Resident, a local newspaper directed at a readership among the inhabitants of a working-class estate created by the London County Council on the north-western outskirts of the city, published its first issue. It took the opportunity to represent what it saw as its readers' urgent and existential difficulties: “We have been torn up by the roots and rudely transplanted to foreign soil.” According to the newspaper, these painful feelings of displacement were voiced “over and over again” by people living on the new estate. These migrants and their mouthpiece spoke and wrote in terms that prefigure the pioneering historical work of Oscar Handlin or suggest they were of one mind with the Chicago School of sociology. In this light it is remarkable that these migrants were not recent arrivals from Poland, or even from Ireland or Scotland; rather they had moved to the estate from inner London, and more than half had previously lived a few miles away in the north London boroughs of St Pancras, Islington, Finsbury, and Paddington.


1869 ◽  
Vol 6 (58) ◽  
pp. 167-173
Author(s):  
Henry Alleyne Nicholson

In the former portion of this paper, the Tipper or south-eastern boundary of the Skiddaw Slates, in their main area, had been traced from Troutbeck, on the N.E., as far as the head of Buttermere, onthe S.W. From this point (i.e. the north-western end of Honister Crag), the Skiddaw Slates can be traced for a very short distance across Warnscales Bottom. They are still overlaid by the felspathic trap and succeeding band of slates and breccias, which together compose Fleetwith Pike and the S.E. end of Honister Crag, and the relations between the two formations are the same as in the Gatescarth Valley. When however the pass of Scarf Gap on the south-west of Warnscales is reached, the Skiddaw Slates have disappeared and the base of the Green Slate Series now rests upon a great mass ofiatrusive felstone-porphyry (here almost a true syenite) which forms High Crag and High Stile. Though the Skiddaw Slates are absent here, it is interesting to observe that the stratification of the Green Slate Series can be particularly well made out in this region. The rugged hills to the S.E. of Scarf Gap are occupied by a prolongation of the great slaty band of Honister, but the beds have now to a great extent lost their former character, and have assumed very much the mineral aspect of trap, from which however they are easily distinguished by the fact that the bedding, in spite of a rough but well marked cleavage, is unusually distinct. The strata displayed in a number of magnificently moutonné'd crags and bosses, in which they are seen to undulate repeatedly, forming a series of small but well-preserved anticlinals and synclinals, the dips of which are N.N.W. and S.S.E. at angles of from 25° to 35°. The inclination therefore of these beds is only about half as high as that of the Skiddaw Slates in the Gatescarth Valley.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 677-693
Author(s):  
Lumami Kapepula Vercus ◽  
Théophile Ndikumana ◽  
Njoyim Estella Buleng Tamungang ◽  
Musibono Dieu-Donné ◽  
Lukusa Mbaya Alain ◽  
...  

1957 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 152-189
Author(s):  
J. E. Jones ◽  
L. H. Sackett ◽  
C. W. J. Eliot

The wall surveyed in this article is a continuous defensive fieldwork in north-western Attica, situated some six miles from Athens; it closes a prominent gap in the mountain-ring around the city, linking the ranges of Aigaleos to the south and Parnes to the north (Fig. 1). The local name for this wall, Τὸ Δέμα ‘The Link’, is both apt and specific and is being used in this article; in the past the wall has sometimes been referred to as the Aigaleos–Parnes wall and sometimes also as the Ano-Liosia wall from its relation to the nearest modern village.The lack of a detailed survey of the Dema, combined with a complete absence of literary references in ancient authors, has compelled earlier writers to base their theories largely on grounds of historical probability. The divergences in their conclusions are not surprising, and clearly demonstrate the need for detailed information about the remains. We have accordingly made a field survey of the Dema and offer a full description of the wall in the belief that this will lead to a truer interpretation of its function and also its date.


2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 89-117
Author(s):  
Inga Głuszek

The article discusses fragments of the Athenian red-figure pottery discovered during excavations in Nikonion, an ancient Greek colony founded on the northern coast of the Black Sea, at the end of the 6th century BC. The collection of Athenian pottery finds at this site is very diverse in terms of technique, style and phase of production. In a short introduction to the article the state of research on the finds of Athenian red–figure pottery from the site is presented, but the main focus is on the findings of the Ukrainian-Polish team of archaeologists who conducted joint excavations at the site in the years 2007–2012. The described fragments of vessels, except for one item, come from the same archaeological context – a residential building discovered in the north-western part of the site dating back to the end of the 5th century – the first half of the 4th century BC. One vessel fragment comes from an earlier phase of the city development dated preliminarily to the second half of the 5th century BC.


2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Worm

Danske OL-deltageres møde med de olympiske lege. Bl.a. svømmeren Jytte Hansen i 1948.PALÆSTRA in O-D-I-N’s training facilityThe shrines at Olympia, Delphi, Isthmia and Nemea took their turn in fixed rotation to organize festivals in which sporting competitions were a central element. They were characterised by being ”stefanoforos”, which is to say that the victor would be wreathed and not directly rewarded with gifts. Preparatory training in situ was a requirement. This took place at a training facility separate from the shrine and from the competition ground. Palæstra was part of this facility. Facilities of this kind of differing sizes have been dated and identified at Olympia and Delphi, and excavations are in progress to find similar sites at the other two shrines in the north-western Peloponnese. American archaeologists on location have found traces which are reported to be promising. This arena for wrestling and fighting with its square building was the site of both physical and intellectual training and from the beginning developed in Hellenic architectural activity in ways that correspond to other secular buildings. Where palæstra in the city state was part of the everyday life of men and boys, this training facility in OD- I-N became the site of an unadulterated presentation of an example of the good life.


2021 ◽  
Vol 885 (1) ◽  
pp. 012047
Author(s):  
A V Dmitrieva ◽  
V N Khertuev ◽  
P V Konovalov ◽  
I A Barmitova

Abstract Combined heat and power plants (CHPP) are an important component of the energy balance in many countries. However, of all types of power plants, CHPPs have the largest impact on the environment. In recent years, the urban ecology has become one of the key indicators that determine the quality of life of city residents. The article evaluates the impact of the CHPPs in Ulan-Ude on the example of CHPP-1. The main sources of environmental pollution, and, accordingly, the zone of exposure of CHPP-1’ pollutants have been identified. Virtually the entire territory of the city of Ulan-Ude falls under this zone, but since northwestern winds prevail in this area, the north-western part of the city is most affected. Based on the results of a detailed dispersion calculation, we defined the following substances which should be monitored: nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, mineral oil, and inorganic dust (70-20% SiO2 and coal dust). The concentration of these substances in the air is significant.


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