Qualitative Interviews in Applied Linguistics: From Research Instrument to Social Practice

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 128-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Talmy
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Research Instrument ◽  
Empirical Inquiry ◽  
Interview Research ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
The Status ◽  
Research Interview ◽  
Primary Means

Interviews have been used for decades in empirical inquiry across the social sciences as one or the primary means of generating data. In applied linguistics, interview research has increased dramatically in recent years, particularly in qualitative studies that aim to investigate participants’ identities, experiences, beliefs, and orientations toward a range of phenomena. However, despite the proliferation of interview research in qualitative applied linguistics, it has become equally apparent that there is a profound inconsistency in how the interview has been and continues to be theorized in the field. This article critically reviews a selection of applied linguistics research from the past 5 years that uses interviews in case study, ethnographic, narrative, (auto)biographical, and related qualitative frameworks, focusing in particular on the ideologies of language, communication, and the interview, or the communicable cartographies of interviewing, that are evident in them. By contrasting what is referred to as an interview as research instrument perspective with a research interview as social practice orientation, the article argues for greater reflexivity about the interview methods that qualitative applied linguists use in their studies, the status ascribed to interview data, and how those data are analyzed and represented.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Communication Skills of International Language at University Level: Teachers' Side

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Zarif ◽  
Aziz un Nisa ◽  
Abdul Nabi
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
International Language ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
The Status ◽  
University Level

The primary objective of current research was to study the status of Enhancement of Communication Skills of International Language at University Level it focused on the exploration of problems & hurdles faced by teachers during teaching & enhancement of International Language communication skills at. The current study was descriptive in nature and quantitative by method. All those universities of Shaheed Benazirabad which offering International language as Functional and Communicative in the version of applied linguistics as content course to their students in different disciplines were the population of the study. From each University sixty percent of the teachers who were facilitating the course of International Language communication were selected with the help of purposive random sampling. Questionnaire with five point Likert scale was used for collection of data. Data was analyzed in frequencies, percent and mean scores. The study results showed that teachers faced different kinds of problems while facilitating in enhancement of International language communication skills at University level.

O heterogenicznym statusie filmu politycznego

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (297) ◽  
pp. 100-125
Author(s):  
Kamil Minkner
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Status ◽  
Stuart Hall ◽  
The Status ◽  
Political Film

The purpose of the paper is to reflection on the status of political film and the political status of film. It is about proposing boundary categories that can provide a theoretical basis in detailed analyzes of the film’s political core. The political nature of the films has been filtered, in the article, by the concept of circulation of meanings in the cultural circuit of Paul du Gay, Stuart Hall and others. This approach shows that the specific political significance of the film is not simply given, but is constructed and understood differently at the level of different instances of social communication: producers, creators, audiences, film critics, creators of advertising messages, etc. The author of the article assumed that the political status of the film is associated not with specific political references, but with modality of film. Two types of film were presented: as a work and social practice. It was only in this context that specific variants of the political film were ordered.

scholarly journals A discursive analysis of the in situ construction of (Japanese) leadership and leader identity in a research interview. Implications for leadership research

Leadership ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Clifton ◽  
Wenjin Dai
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Leader Identity ◽  
Membership Categorization ◽  
Research Interview ◽  
A Site ◽  
Leadership Research

Interviews are a way, if not the key way, in which knowledge of leadership and leader identity is sought. Yet, the interviews as a site of the construction of this knowledge are often “black-boxed” and few scholars consider how the “what” of leadership and leader identity are constructed as in situ social practice. Taking a discursive approach to leadership, and using membership categorization analysis as a methodological tool, this paper considers the identity work that participants do when constructing (Japanese) leadership and leader identity in a research interview. Findings indicate that leader identity is fragmented and contradictory and that identity work is skewed to producing a morally acceptable leader identity that has little to do with revealing underlying truths of leadership as often assumed. On the basis of these findings, we call for the discursive turn in leadership research to go beyond considering leadership-in-action to also consider the way in which both meanings of leadership and leader identities are discursively constructed as in situ social practice, notably in research interviews. Second, we call for more careful consideration and analysis of research interview as a site for building knowledge of leadership and leader identities, which, close analysis reveals to be fluid, changeable, and even contradictory. Third, we argue that researchers should also analyze what the particular constructions of leadership and leader identities “do.” This aligns with calls for more critical approaches to leadership studies that challenge hegemonic views of leadership and seek to make visible the power dynamics of presenting leadership and leader identity in one way rather than another.

scholarly journals You can treat my HIV – But can you treat my blood pressure? Availability of integrated HIV and non-communicable disease care in northern Malawi

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Pfaff ◽  
Vera Scott ◽  
Risa Hoffman ◽  
Beatrice Mwagomba
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Health Centres ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
The Status ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Background: Many patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Malawi have or will develop non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The current capacity of ART sites to provide care for NCDs is not known.Aim: This study aimed to assess the capacity of ART sites to provide care for hypertension and diabetes in rural Malawi.Setting: Twenty-five health centres and five hospitals in two rural districts in northern Malawi.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed between March and May 2014 at all facilities. Qualitative interviews were held with three NCD coordinators.Results: Treatment of hypertension and diabetes was predominantly hospital-based. Sixty percent of hospitals had at least one clinician and one nurse trained in NCD care, whereas 5% of health centres had a clinician and 8% had a nurse trained in NCD care. Hundred percent of hospitals and 92% of health centres had uninterrupted supply of hydrochlorothiazide in the previous 6 months, but only 40% of hospitals and no health centres had uninterrupted supply of metformin. Hundred percent of hospitals and 80% of health centres had at least one blood pressure machine, and 80% of hospitals and 32% of health centres had one glucometer. Screening for hypertension amongst ART patients was only conducted at one hospital and no health centres. At health centres, integrated NCD and ART care was more common, with 48% (12/25) providing ART and NCD treatment in the same consultation.Conclusions: The results reflect the status of the initial stages of the Malawi NCD programme at sites currently providing ART care. 

scholarly journals Truth and fake news in the classroom: the sense construction and the discoursive ethics in literacy practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 1219-1235
Author(s):  
Antônio Carlos Santos de Lima ◽  
Lilian Soares de Figueiredo Luz ◽  
Aurineide Profírio Barros Correia
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Literacy Practices ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Discourse Ethics ◽  
Reading Process ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Literacy Practice ◽  
The World

This paper aims to present a proposal of literacy practice, which reflects current and relevant topics such as truth (FOUCAULT, 2014) and the fake news (FONTANA, 2021), from the perspective of discourse ethics (SOUTO MAIOR, 2020). In this proposal, we articulate the reflection on those topics together with the production of a review – a textual genre widely used in the academic sphere. We situate our proposal in the perspective of Applied Linguistics (AL), by focusing on the issue of language as a social practice, which reflects constitutive aspects of society and culture that is crossed by discursive practices built from ideological threads (FABRÍCIO, 2006) and, for this reason, are present in literacy practices. In this proposal we have used the movie called "The invention of lying" (2009), because we could realize this movie as a useful resource that allow subjects to reflect about different aspects which they face in their social context and is related to writing and reading process in the world (LIMA; SOUTO MAIOR, 2020)

Translation, Ideology, and Social Practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-44
Author(s):  
Susan Petrilli
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Critical Awareness ◽  
The Status ◽  
Production Order ◽  
Actual Meaning ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ideological Dimension ◽  
The Relationship

Translation is never completely neutral. On the contrary, it can be used in a double ideological-social sense: to orient people toward unaware, passive acceptance of a given situation or, instead, to evidence the possibility of change. On this account, most interesting are observations made by Marcuse. He analyzes a study conducted on work conditions in a firm in the United States, evidencing how complaints originally formulated by workers as general statements about a common condition lose their “generality” when “translated”: The actual meaning of their statements changes in the “translation.” The tones of protest in accusations denouncing bad work conditions for all are reduced to the status of isolated complaints concerning the life of single individuals. Similar situations abound in social practice and translation today, in the global “communication-production” order where language usage anaesthetizes critical awareness and the common sense of responsibility. This chapter investigates the relationship between words and values, the ideological dimension of sense, and translation, whether intralingual, interlingual, or intersemiotic, either to favor passive compliance to the order of discourse, the condition of “linguistic alienation,” or to develop the capacity for interrogation and conscious awareness in a world, today’s, that, like Orwell’s, resorts to a sort of Newspeak to obtain consensus and assent to the order of discourse, the official order.

scholarly journals Relational analysis of the phenomenon of early school leaving: A habitus typology

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 398-411
Author(s):  
Erna Nairz-Wirth ◽  
Marie Gitschthaler
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Early School Leaving ◽  
Social Positioning ◽  
Early School ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Displacement Processes

Although there is an extensive body of literature on the causes and consequences of early school leaving (ESL), little is known of how early school leavers cope with their situation after having left the education system. This paper’s main objective is to fill this research gap. At first we look at developments in the social positioning of early school leavers in Austria that show that their situation has deteriorated not only because of changes in the labour market (e.g. due to globalization) but also because of displacement processes that are influenced by habitus formation and capital endowment. Drawing on Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus and capital, we explored the situation of young people who had left school early. We used a multi-perspective approach and conducted 123 narrative interviews which we analysed by grouping cases that demonstrated similar social practice and perception patterns generated by a set of socially learned dispositions. Thus we were able to reconstruct a habitus typology consisting of seven different types: the ‘ambitious’, the ‘status-oriented’, the ‘non-conformist’, the ‘disoriented’, the ‘resigned’, the ‘escapist’ and the ‘caring’. How young people experience stigmatization is the common thread that runs through all seven habitus types.

Language and Visual Communication

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-46
Author(s):  
Ping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Visual Communication ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Research Outcomes ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Project Data ◽  
Many Sources

This chapter examines how multimodality works language and visual cues together to achieve effective intercultural marketing communication. Language symbols are used as a primary means of communication in TV and radio. Commercial advertisers never forget to use visual communication to persuade consumers. Customers usually use the combined resources such as language (e.g., spoken and written) and visual cues (e.g., colours and signs) to interpret meanings. A qualitative approach is used in this project. Data including written texts and visual images are collected from many sources and critically analyzed with reference to relevant theories. It is concluded that both language communication and visual communication play their role in advertising and their combined communication power is greater. The research outcomes will help business operators and managers understand how culturally appropriate language and visual communication can promote the advertised services and sell their products, thus achieving business success and customer satisfaction.

Media access to court proceedings and documents in Mainland China: The changed and unchanged

2021 ◽  
pp. 1329878X2110482
Author(s):  
Yanzhu Xu
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Court Case ◽  
Media Access ◽  
Court Reporting ◽  
The Status ◽  
Court Proceedings

This study examined the status of media access to court proceedings and documents in mainland China. In-depth and qualitative interviews with Chinese journalists revealed that they continue to face significant difficulties in attending court hearings and accessing court documents and information; especially, those involving government officials. Owing to the lack of adequate media access to courts, Chinese journalists are not able to fulfil their role of informing the public about what happens in the judicial system; it also undermines the balance and quality of court reporting. The study also found that China's courts mostly used their own online platforms to release information and broadcast trial proceedings. Consequently, the role of news media and journalists in providing court case information and promoting judicial openness has declined in the age of new media.

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