Civil Jet Operations

1953 ◽  
Vol 57 (513) ◽  
pp. 539-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. A. Majendie
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Present Meeting

The 882nd Lecture to be given before the Royal Aeronautical Society was held under the auspices of the Glasgow Branch on 23rd April 1953. Professor W. J. Duncan, F.R.S., F.R.Ae.S., President of the Glasgow Branch, welcomed the visitors. He expressed regret that the President of the Society, Mr. G. H. Dowty, F.R.Ae.S., was unable to be present and welcomed Mr. N. E. Rowe, C.B.E., F.R.Ae.S., Chairman of the Branches Committee, and the Secretary of the Society, Dr. A. M. Ballantyne, T.D., A.F.R.Ae.S.Mr. Rowe, taking the Chair for the rest of the meeting, said how much the President regretted not being present; as they knew, he had shown the liveliest interest in the Branches and had made many visits to them during his year of office. This was the twelfth Main Society Lecture to be given at a Branch meeting; the holding of Main Lectures at the Branches had proved a great success and he was sure that the present meeting would be a success also, because their lecturer had been doing pioneering work for the past three years on the development of the Comet. After graduating from Cambridge in 1940 Captain Majendie joined the R.A.F. and served as an instructor for several years; he served with Coastal Command in 1943 and was mentioned in despatches, then served on ferry duties, and in 1946 joined British Overseas Airways. He held a Pilot's “B” Licence, a Navigator's Licence and a Wireless Operator's Licence. Before being appointed to work on the Comet he had been engaged in helping Mr. E. S. Calvert at the Royal Aircraft Establishment to develop the high intensity lighting system. Captain Majendie was one of those rare people who combined a scientific and a really practical ability.

scholarly journals High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Treatment for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufeng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Advanced Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Scale ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Hifu Treatment ◽  
Performance Scale

Pancreatic cancer is under high mortality but has few effective treatment modalities. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is becoming an emerging approach of noninvasively ablating solid tumor in clinics. A variety of solid tumors have been tried on thousands of patients in the last fifteen years with great success. The principle, mechanism, and clinical outcome of HIFU were introduced first. All 3022 clinical cases of HIFU treatment for the advanced pancreatic cancer alone or in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy in 241 published papers were reviewed and summarized for its efficacy, pain relief, clinical benefit rate, survival, Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) score, changes in tumor size, occurrence of echogenicity, serum level, diagnostic assessment of outcome, and associated complications. Immune response induced by HIFU ablation may become an effective way of cancer treatment. Comments for a better outcome and current challenges of HIFU technology are also covered.

scholarly journals A 50-Year Journey from Phosphate to Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Jane Perry
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Ocean Optics ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
The Past ◽  
Photosynthetic Physiology ◽  
Optical Oceanography

This narrative is a personal account of my evolution as a student of phytoplankton and the ocean. Initially I focused on phytoplankton nutrient physiology and uptake, later switching to photosynthetic physiology. Better models of photosynthesis naturally require a better understanding of spectral underwater light fields and absorption coefficients, which precipitated my involvement in the nascent field of bio-optical oceanography. Establishment of the now 34-year-old summer graduate course in ocean optics, which continues to attract students from around the globe, is a legacy of my jumping into optics. The importance of social interactions in advancing science cannot be underestimated; a prime example is how a TGIF gathering led to my immersion in the world of autonomous underwater vehicles for the past two decades of my career. Working with people who you like and respect is also critical; I believe collegial friendship played a major role in the great success of the 2008 North Atlantic Bloom Experiment.

scholarly journals Mortality trends of liver diseases in mainland China over three decades: an age-period-cohort analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e029793
Author(s):  
Yang Sun ◽  
Jie Chang ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Chaojie Liu
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Control

ObjectiveTo analyse mortality trends of liver diseases in China over the past 30 years.DesignAge-period-cohort analyses were applied to liver diseases data obtained from the Chinese Health Statistics Annual Report (1987–2001) and the Chinese Health Statistics Yearbook (2003–2017).SettingGeneral population in mainland China.OutcomesMortality rates and age, period and cohort effects on three categories of liver diseases: primary liver cancer (PLC), chronic liver disease and cirrhosis (CLD), and viral hepatitis (VH).ResultsA total of 13.54 million deaths were attributable to liver diseases over the period between 1987 and 2016, resulting in an average of 36.15 deaths per 100 000 population per year. The risk of PLC mortality increased by 32.69% over the period after controlling for the effects of age and birth cohort. By contrast, the risk of CLD mortality decreased by 56.64% over the same period. The risk of VH mortality decreased first, followed by a resurgence after the period of 2002–2006. Similar mortality risk trends by age (increasing) and birth cohort (decreasing) were observed for PLC and CLD. The year 1952 represented a turning point for VH, with people born after 1950 experiencing a declining risk of VH mortality.ConclusionsChina has achieved great success in reducing the mortality of VH and CLD. However, significant challenges lie ahead in the efforts to prevent and control PLC and the resurgence of VH.

GEOPHYSICS IN CANADA—ABSTRACT

Geophysics ◽  
1942 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-275
Author(s):  
L. I. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Oil Exploration ◽  
The Past

Geophysical methods applied to oil exploration have been used in Canada shortly after their introduction in the United States. Apparently the brevity of each survey by any method precluded any particular success. Unfortunately their first application was to areas in which no great success has been attained since. Within the past five years, however, due to the introduction of the gravity meter and the improvement in reflection seismograph methods and instruments, Canada is well along in its exploration with geophysics.

scholarly journals HYBRID RECOMMENDATION ALGORITHM BASED ON TWO ROLES OF SOCIAL TAGS

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (07) ◽  
pp. 1250166 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZI-KE ZHANG ◽  
CHUANG LIU
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Algorithm ◽  
Social Tagging ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Recommendation Algorithm ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Tags ◽  
New Family ◽  
Hybrid Recommendation

The past few years have witnessed the great success of a new family of paradigms, social tagging networks, which allows users to freely associate social tags to items and efficiently manage them. Thus it provides us a promising way to effectively find useful and interesting information. In this paper, we consider two typical roles of social tags: (i) an accessorial tool helping users organize items; (ii) a bridge that connects users and items. We then propose a hybrid algorithm to integrate the two different roles to obtain better recommendation performance. Experimental results on a real-world data set, Del.icio.us, shows that it can significantly enhance both the algorithmic accuracy and diversity.

scholarly journals Extracorporeal Ultrasound-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound: Implications from the Present Clinical Trials

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinghe Yu ◽  
Xiao Fu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
The Past ◽  
Liver Cancers ◽  
Almost All

Extracorporeal ultrasound-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been clinically used for 15 years, and over 36000 cases have been reported. However, there yet lacked a consensus in the clinical values, suggesting the necessity of checking clinical findings. Clinical trials were searched and data reevaluated. HIFU was hardly performed alone; almost all present anticancer means have been applied during an HIFU treatment, and a specific regimen varied between trials; there were heterogeneity and disagreement between trials. The complexity made it difficult to distinguish the effect of HIFU. Based upon evaluable data, the efficacy of HIFU was similar to that of radio frequency, chemoembolization, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or hormone therapy; a combined therapy did not improve the efficacy. The survival rate of HIFU plus radiotherapy was lower than that of radical surgery in liver cancers. Adverse events had no downtrend in the past years. HIFU was not a standardized procedure where the intensity and insonation mode were modified constantly throughout a treatment, limiting an evaluation from the perspective of ultrasonics. These implied that HIFU should be applied as an alternative at most occasions. The present clinical trials had defects making against the understating of HIFU.

scholarly journals An. gambiae s.l. exhibit high intensity pyrethroid resistance throughout Southern and Central Mali (2016-2018); PBO or next generation LLINs may provide greater control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Sovi ◽  
Chitan Keita ◽  
Youssouf Sinaba ◽  
Abdourhamane Dicko ◽  
Ibrahim Traore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pirimiphos Methyl ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Rotation Strategy

Abstract Background: Millions of pyrethroid LLINs have been distributed in Mali during the past 20 years which, along with agricultural use, has increased the selection pressure on malaria vector populations. This study investigated pyrethroid resistance intensity and susceptible status of malaria vectors to alternative insecticides to guide choice of insecticides for LLINs and IRS for effective control of malaria vectors.Methods: For 3 years between 2016 and 2018, susceptibility testing was conducted annually in 14-16 sites covering southern and central Mali. Anopheles gambiae s.l. were collected from larval sites and adult mosquitoes exposed in WHO tube tests to diagnostic doses of bendiocarb (0.1%) and pirimiphos-methyl (0.25%). Resistance intensity tests were conducted using CDC bottle bioassays (2016-17) and WHO tube tests (2018) at 1×, 2×, 5×, and 10× the diagnostic concentration of permethrin, deltamethrin and alpha-cypermethrin. WHO tube tests were conducted with pre-exposure to the synergist PBO followed by permethrin or deltamethrin. Chlorfenapyr was tested in CDC bottle bioassays at 100µg active ingredient per bottle and clothianidin at 2% in WHO tube tests. PCR was performed to identify species within the An. gambiae complex.Results: In all sites An. gambiae s.l. showed high intensity resistance to permethrin and deltamethrin in CDC bottle bioassay tests in 2016 and 2017. In 2018, WHO intensity tests resulted in survivors at all sites for permethrin, deltamethrin and alpha-cypermethrin when tested at 10× the diagnostic dose. Across all sites mean mortality was 33.7% with permethrin (0.75%) compared with 71.8% when pre-exposed to PBO (4%), representing a 2.13 fold increase in mortality. A similar trend was recorded for deltamethrin. There was susceptibility to pirimiphos-methyl, chlorfenapyr and clothianidin in all surveyed sites, including current IRS sites in Mopti Region. An. coluzzii was the primary species in 4 of 6 regions.Conclusions: Widespread high intensity pyrethroid resistance was recorded during 2016-18 and is likely to compromise the effectiveness of pyrethroid LLINs in Mali. PBO or chlrofenapyr LLINs should provide improved control of An. gambiae s.l. Clothianidin and pirimiphos-methyl insecticides are currently being used for IRS as part of a rotation strategy based on susceptibility being confirmed in this study.

scholarly journals A Forgotten Corner in Cancer Immunotherapy: The Role of Lipids

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yu ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Yunpeng Wang ◽  
Bo Xu ◽  
Ewetse Paul Maswikiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Immunotherapy ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Great Success ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cancer Immunity ◽  
Molecular Forces

In the past decade, cancer immunotherapy has achieved great success owing to the unravelling of unknown molecular forces in cancer immunity. However, it is critical that we address the limitations of current immunotherapy, including immune-related adverse events and drug resistance, and further enhance current immunotherapy. Lipids are reported to play important roles in modulating immune responses in cancer. Cancer cells use lipids to support their aggressive behaviour and allow immune evasion. Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells destroys the equilibrium between lipid anabolism and catabolism, resulting in lipid accumulation within the tumour microenvironment (TME). Consequently, ubiquitous lipids, mainly fatty acids, within the TME can impact the function and phenotype of infiltrating immune cells. Determining the complex roles of lipids and their interactions with the TME will provide new insight for improving anti-tumour immune responses by targeting lipids. Herein, we present a review of recent literature that has demonstrated how lipid metabolism reprogramming occurs in cancer cells and influences cancer immunity. We also summarise the potential for lipid-based clinical translation to modify immune treatment.

‘Fear’ of Crime: Role of Defensive Personality Factors for Concern About Crime

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Satchell ◽  
Oliver Waddup ◽  
Alison Bacon ◽  
Philip Corr
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity ◽  
The Relationship

Research into ‘fear of crime’ often interchangeably uses the terms ‘anxiety’, ‘fear’ and ‘worry’. However, neuropsychological and personality research makes a crucial distinction between fear, anxiety and worry. Theoretically, it is likely that anxiety (rumination on the past and worry about the future) rather than fear (i.e., immediate reaction to high intensity threat) is a better predictor of ‘fear’ of crime. We studied the relationship between anxiety, fear and anger (using measures from Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory) and concerns about becoming a victim of crime. We also investigated the relationship between responses to hypothetical threat scenarios and general concerns about crime. In our sample (N = 250), we found, contrary to our predictions, that personality traits related to general fearfulness were predictive of concerns about crime – more so than traits related to anxiety or anger. Responses to hypothetical threat scenarios were predictive of concerns about crime, but less so than trait fear. Overall, our results suggest that it may, after all, be correct to suggest that concerns about becoming a victim of crime are more to do with being afraid than anxious or angry and we discuss the theoretical implications of this effect.

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