scholarly journals Nephropathia epidemica: incidence of clinical cases and antibody prevalence in an endemic area of Sweden

1987 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 559-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Niklasson ◽  
J. Leduc ◽  
K. Nyström ◽  
L. Nyman
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nephropathia Epidemica ◽  
Antibody Prevalence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Clinical Cases

SUMMARYThe incidence of nephropathia epidemica (NE) was compared with the NE antibody prevalence in normal population in a highly endemic area of Sweden (Västerbotten county). The antibody prevalence rate in the oldest age groups were found to be 14 and 20 times higher than the accumulated life-risk of being hospitalized with NE for men and women respectively. Whether the infection in persons not admitted to hospital is subclinical, atypical or clinically fulminant, remains to be determined.

scholarly journals Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control, and Associated Factors: Results from a National Survey, Jordan

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Y. Jaddou ◽  
A. M. Batieha ◽  
Y. S. Khader ◽  
A. H. Kanaan ◽  
M. S. El-Khateeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
And Control

The study examined prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension (HTN), and associated factors and to evaluate the trend in hypertension between 2009 (period 2) and 1994–1998 (period 1). A national sample of 4117 adults aged 25 years and older was selected. Prevalence rate of HTN (SBP ≥ 140 or DBP ≥ 90 or on antihypertensive therapy) was 32.3% and was higher than the 29.4% prevalence rate reported in period 1. Prevalence rate was significantly higher among males, older age groups, least educated, obese, and diabetics than their counterparts. The rate of awareness among hypertensives was 56.1% and was higher than the 38.8% rate reported form period 1 data. Awareness was positively associated with age, smoking, and diabetes for both men and women, and with level of education and body mass index for men. Rate of treatment for HTN among aware patients was 63.3% and was significantly higher than the 52.8% rate reported in period1. Control rate of HTN among treated hypertensives was 39.6%; significantly higher than the 27.9% control rate in period 1. Control of HTN was positively associated with age but only for women. In conclusion, HTN is still on the rise in Jordan, and levels of awareness and control are below the optimal levels.

scholarly journals Geographical and temporal distribution of Ockelbo disease in Sweden

1991 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Lundström ◽  
S. Vene ◽  
Å. Espmark ◽  
M. Engvall ◽  
B. Niklasson
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Antibody Prevalence ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Third ◽  
Short Period

SUMMARYThe incidence of Ockelbo disease and the prevalence of Ockelbo virus neutralizing antibodies were investigated in a sample of the Swedish population. The disease occurs throughout most of Sweden but with higher incidence and antibody prevalence rates in the central part of the country. It generally affects middle-aged men and women, with equal incidence between sexes, and is uncommon in people younger than 20 years of age. The disease occurs during a short period each year between the third week of July and the first week of October, with a peak during the second half of August. During the 8 years studied (1981–8), an average of 31 Ockelbo patients/year were diagnosed. The antibody prevalence rates in the oldest age groups were 20–40 times higher than the accumulated life-risk of being diagnosed and reported as an Ockelbo disease patient, which suggests that many cases are asymptomatic and/or unreported.

Gender, Age, and the Risk of Insomnia

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (S17) ◽  
pp. 7-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis Zee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sleep Complaints ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Insomnia Complaints

While insomnia is common among men and women and across all age groups, older adults and women experience markedly increased risk for this disorder. Insomnia complaints in adults ≥65 years of age are very common. Foley and colleagues demonstrated in a study of 9,282 older adults (mean age of 74) an insomnia prevalence rate of ∼60%.Approximately 57% of older adults have sleep complaints (Slide 1). Most of these are associated with comorbid conditions including depressed mood, respiratory problems, or poor physical health. The healthiest members of this population have far fewer sleep complaints.

scholarly journals Evolution of the prevalence of obesity in the adult population in France, 2013–2016: the Constances study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Czernichow ◽  
Adeline Renuy ◽  
Claire Rives-Lange ◽  
Claire Carette ◽  
Guillaume Airagnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
French Population ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Point Change ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractThis study provides trends in obesity prevalence in adults from 2013 to 2016 in France. 63,582 men and women from independent samples upon inclusion from the Constances cohort were included. Anthropometrics were measured at Health Screening Centers and obesity defined as a Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2; obesity classes according to BMI are as follows: class 1 [30–34.9]; class 2 [35–39.9]; class 3 [≥ 40 kg/m2]. Linear trends across obesity classes by sex and age groups were examined in regression models and percentage point change from 2013 to 2016 for each age category calculated. All analyses accounted for sample weights for non-response, age and sex-calibrated to the French population. Prevalence of obesity ranged from 14.2 to 15.2% and from 14 to 15.3% in women and men respectively from 2013 to 2016. Class 1 obesity category prevalence was the only one to increase significantly across survey years in both men and women (p for linear trend = 0.04 and 0.01 in women and men respectively). The only significant increase for obesity was observed in the age group 18–29 y in both women and men (+ 2.71% and + 3.26% point increase respectively, equivalent to an approximate rise of 50% in women and 93% in men, p = 0.03 and 0.02 respectively). After adjustment for survey non-response and for age and sex distribution, the results show that class 1 obesity prevalence has significantly increased in both women and men from 2013 to 2016, and only in young adults in a representative sample of the French population aged 18–69 years old.

Partner Selection Across the Life-Course: Age Variation in Partner Preferences in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
pp. 136078042199237
Author(s):  
Jana Klímová Chaloupková ◽  
Renáta Topinková ◽  
Markéta Šetinová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Partner Preferences ◽  
Age Variation ◽  
The Life Course

The proportion of people seeking a partner later in life has increased in recent decades. However, studies exploring age variation in partner preferences are quite rare. We aim to fill this gap by examining the partner preferences for household care skills, financial resources, and education of unpartnered individuals aged 19–65 years ( n = 1145) who participated in speed-dating events in the Czech Republic. We hypothesized that the importance of these characteristics varies with age, and that this variance may differ for men and women. The results show that gender differences concerning these characteristics are mostly stable across age groups. The exception is the importance of household care skills, which increases for older men and decreases for older women. We found that older adults value financial resources more than younger adults, and that this increase is true for women and men. Finally, we did not find evidence that the importance of education differs with age.

Divorce on grounds of discord: Did the Moroccan family law reform bring the guarantee of divorce for women? An ethnographic perspective on the changing landscape of divorce. The Mudawwana a decade on

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-65
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Nössing
Keyword(s):  
Women's Rights ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Family Court ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Moroccan Family

AbstractThis article discusses the new divorce on grounds of discord procedure (taṭlīq li-š-šiqāq) within the context of the Moroccan family law reform of 2004. Literature available in English and French has, so far, focused primarily on the improvements the Moroccan family law reform has brought in regard to women’s rights. The reform is considered one of the most progressive legislative projects in the MENA region and a milestone for gender equality, notably the reform of divorce law. Divorce on grounds of discord was seen as the long-awaited divorce guarantee for women. However, legal scholars maintained that case law jeopardised the divorce guarantee. This legal-anthropological study is informed by fieldwork at the family court in Rabat, as well as official statistics, case law and the standard legal commentary. It aims to scrutinise how divorce on grounds of divorce is put into practice by the judiciary, how Moroccan men and women make use of it and how changes on a procedural and institutional level affect the implementation of the new divorce procedure. My empirical findings show that divorce on grounds of discord effectively guarantees Moroccan women’s right to divorce. Well beyond the discussion on women’s rights in divorce, I will demonstrate that, within a decade, divorce on grounds of discord developed into a standard divorce procedure for both men and women across socio-economical milieus and age groups.

scholarly journals Human Astrovirus Outbreak in a Daycare Center and Propagation among Household Contacts

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1100
Author(s):  
Ignacio Parrón ◽  
Elsa Plasencia ◽  
Thais Cornejo-Sánchez ◽  
Mireia Jané ◽  
Cristina Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Daycare Center ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Conditioning Factors ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Human Astrovirus ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Clinical Cases

We investigated an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis due to human astrovirus in a daycare center, describing the transmission mechanism, the most affected age groups, conditioning factors and the extent of the outbreak among household contacts of the daycare center attenders. Data were collected from persons exposed at the daycare center and their home contacts. Fecal samples from affected and non-affected daycare center attenders were analyzed for viruses causing acute gastroenteritis by RT-PCR. The percentage of households affected and the attack rates (AR) were calculated. The attack rates were compared using the rate ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals. Information was obtained from 245 people (76 attenders and 169 contacts) of whom 49 were clinical cases. Five HAstV-4, two HAstV-8 and three non-typable HAstV cases were identified (six from clinical cases and four from asymptomatic infected people). The global AR was 20% (41.2% in children aged < 2 years). Data were obtained from 67 households: 20 households of affected attenders and 47 of non-affected attendees. Household contacts of affected attenders had a higher AR (74.3%) than that of non-affected attendees (2.4%). We found asymptomatic infections amongst daycare attendees. The transmission of HAstV during the outbreak was not limited to the daycare center but extended to household contacts of both affected and non-affected attenders.

Variation of cardiac magnetic resonance radiomics features by age and sex in healthy participants from the UK Biobank

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Raisi-Estabragh ◽  
A Jaggi ◽  
N Aung ◽  
S Neubauer ◽  
S Piechnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Abstract Introduction Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) radiomics use voxel-level data to derive quantitative indices of myocardial tissue texture, which may provide complementary risk information to traditional CMR measures. Purpose In this first stage of our work, establishing the performance characteristics of CMR radiomics in relation to disease outcomes, we aimed to elucidate differences in radiomic features by sex and age in apparently healthy adults. Methods We defined a healthy cohort from the first 5,065 individuals completing the UK Biobank Imaging Enhancement, limiting to white Caucasian ethnicity, and excluding those with major co-morbidities, or cardiovascular risk factors/symptoms. We created evenly distributed age groups: 45–54 years, 55–64 years, 65–74 years. Radiomics features were extracted from left ventricle segmentations, with normalisation to body surface area. We compared mean values of individual features between the sexes, stratified by age and separately between the oldest and youngest age groups for each sex. Results We studied 657 (309 men, 358 women) healthy individuals. There were significant differences between radiomics features of men and women. Different features appeared more important at different age groups. For instance, in the youngest age group “end-systolic coarseness” showed greatest difference between men and women, whilst “end-diastolic run percentage” and “end-diastolic high grey level emphasis” showed most variation in the oldest and middle age groups. In the oldest age groups, differences between men and women were most predominant in the texture features, whilst in the younger groups a mixture of shape and texture differences were observed. We demonstrate significant variation between radiomics features by age, these differences are exclusively in texture features with different features implicated in men and women (“end-diastolic mean intensity” in women, “end-systolic sum entropy in men”). Conclusions There are significant age and sex differences in CMR radiomics features of apparently healthy adults, demonstrating alterations in myocardial architecture not appreciated by conventional indices. In younger ages, shape and texture differences are observed, whilst in older ages texture differences dominate. Furthermore, texture features are the most different features between the youngest and oldest hearts. We provide proof-of-concept data indicating CMR radiomics has discriminatory value with regard to two characteristics strongly linked to cardiovascular outcomes. We will next elucidate relationships between CMR radiomics, cardiac risk factors, and clinical outcomes, establishing predictive value incremental to existing measures. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (825903),British Heart Foundation Clinical Research Training Fellowship (FS/17/81/33318)

Effect of aging alone on mechanical properties of the normal adult human lung

1977 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1054-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Knudson ◽  
D. F. Clark ◽  
T. C. Kennedy ◽  
D. E. Knudson
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Mechanics ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elastic Recoil ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Maximum Expiratory Flow ◽  
Alpha1 Antitrypsin ◽  
Adult Human Lung

For plethysmographic studies of respiratory mechanics, we selected, from a general population, 51 subjects, aged 25–75 yr, who had never smoked, had no present or past cardiorespiratory symptoms or disease, were alpha1-antitrypsin MM phenotypes, and were normal by physical examination, vectorcardiography, and chest roentgenography. Approximately equal numbers of men and women were represented in each of three age groups; 25–35, 36–64, and 65–75. Both sexes demonstrated loss of lung elastic recoil with age, most significant at high lung volumes, but the rate of loss was less than previously reported. Males had higher lung recoil than females of comparable age, but if lung size was taken into account, there were no sex differences in bulk elastic properties. Maximum expiratory flow diminished with age only at low volumes, suggesting that equal pressure points are more centrally located at low lung volumes in the elderly.

scholarly journals Seventeen years of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in a Southern Brazilian municipality

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilsandrei Cella ◽  
Simone Cristina Castanho Sabaini de Melo ◽  
Cátia Millene Dell Agnolo ◽  
Sandra Marisa Pelloso ◽  
Thaís Gomes Verzignassi Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Age Group ◽  
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Incomplete Filling ◽  
Residence Location

We reviewed the records of 151 patients diagnosed with American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) from 1993 to 2009 in the municipality of Japura, Paraná, Brazil. Gender, age, occupation, place of residence, location of lesions, type and number of lesions were analyzed. The prevalence rate of ACL was 11.5/10,000 hab, of which 84.7% were male, 58.3% lived in rural area and 49.0% were farmers. The most frequent age group was between 30 to 39 years (26.6%). Skin lesions occurred in 92.7% of the patients with predominance in the lower limbs (23.9%) and 49.1% of the records did not include the number of lesions location due to incomplete filling. A single ulceration was present in 44.4%. Japurá is an endemic area for ACL, requiring public actions and preventive education.

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